IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


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4r. 


fjn 


/, 


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1.0 


I.I 


11.25 


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40 


—     6" 


12.2 

M 

1.8 


1.4    IIIIII.6 


Photographic 

Sciences 
Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


4^s 


..V 


:/. 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Inst.tut  Canadian  da  microreproductions  historiques 


^ 


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i 
Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  atten^pted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Featurf»^  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibllographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


LInstitut  a  microfilm*  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'ii  lul  a  6t6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-6tre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographlque.  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  ima,ie  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  m6thode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiqu6s  ci-dessous. 


-M 


D 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couieur 

Covers  damaged/ 
Couverture  endommagie 

Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaurie  et/ou  pellicul6e 

Cover  title  missing/ 

Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


□   Coloured  maps/ 
Cartes  gAographiques  en  couieur 

□    Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couieur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 

I — I    Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 


D 
D 


D 


Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couieur 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
Reli6  avec  d'autres  documents 

Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  reliure  serr6o  peut  causer  de  lombre  ou  t^B  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  intdrieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  f»*  oing/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  p*  jes  blanches  ajoutdes 
lors  d'unft  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  6tait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  6t6  film6es. 


D 
D 
D 

n 

D 
D 
D 
D 
D 
D 


Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couieur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommag^es 

Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaurdes  et/ou  pelliculdes 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  d6color6es,  tachet6es  ou  piqudes 

Pages  detached/ 
Pages  d6tach6es 

Showthrough/ 
Transparence 

Quality  of  print  varies/ 
Quality  in(6gale  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementary  material/ 
Comprend  du  mat6riel  suppl6mentaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 

Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc..  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totaiement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata.  una  pelure, 
etc..  ont  6t6  film6es  d  nouveau  de  fapon  d 
obtenir  la  meiiieure  image  possible. 


rrj   Additional  comments:/ 

\X\    Commentaires  SMPPlAmentaires./^     - 


This  Item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  belovv/ 
Ce  document  est  film*  au  taux  de  reduction  Indiqu6  ci-dessous 
10X  14X  18X  22X 


12X 


16X 


2DX 


26X 


30X 


28X 


n 

32X 


s 

fier 

le 

ge 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Library  of  Congress 
Photoduplication  Service 

The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


L'exemplaire  film6  fut  reproduit  grdce  d  la 
g6n6rosit6  de: 

Library  of  Congress 
Photoduplication  Service 

Les  images  suivantes  ont  6t6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nettet6  de  l'exemplaire  filmd,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
fllmagj. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couvertore  en 
papier  est  imprim6e  sont  filmds  en  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas.  Tous  ies  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  filmds  en  commenpant  par  la 
premiere  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impresslon  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  teiie 
empreinte. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  -^  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED "),  or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END  "). 
whichever  applies. 


Un  des  symboies  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  — ►  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbole  V  signifie  "FIN". 


Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Las  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  dtre 
film6s  d  des  taux  de  reduction  diffdrents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  dtre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clich6.  il  est  filmd  i  partir 
de  Tangle  sup^rieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
at  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
<>j'inr:*ige8  n6cessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
iJlustrent  la  mdthode. 


% 


rata 


lelure, 


1 


□ 


32X 


t  2  3 


t 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

/ 


^^c 


TO  T(-Ie 


* 


-b^ 


X 


^ 


D 


-Wl 


MAY    3  1834 


"B" 


''CmCJiGO  TO  THE  SEA/' 


R  AS^EXRM 


EXCURSIONIST 


A  COMPLETE  GUIDE 


TO  THE 


^PrincipaHEastErniSumniEriHEsnrts,^ 


INCLUDING 


Maqala  J'aCfi,  -THe  Wflitc  JlffMrntami,  ^ainf  fawtcncc 

and  ^agucnaif  -JiivcU,  JWonflcaf  and  (pac^cc, 

tftc  Mtv  ^HijCa)id  ^c(v  ^cacfici,  etc., 

HDW  AND  WHEN  TD    ENJDY  THEM. 


^  J' 


/ 


V 


By  William  C.  Gage 


Al'THOR  OK  "TUB   8WITZERl,\XD  OF   AMKIUCA,"    "  IIAXD-BOOK   OF 
OF  THE  HIiEAT   SORTIIWEST,"    "  HODt)    BEIlAVIOll   AT    IIOM 


Battle  Creek,  Mich 

REVIEW  &  HERALD  STEAM  PRINTING 
New  Yobk:  Union  News  Company 
1883. 


CO  PYR  ir,  HT  El) 

18  8  3, 

nv  \VM.  C.  OAOK 


1^ 


) 


■  T|  «    «    ■  -mm- 


I 


-m  ->JJ0TE^-M]^Jl!R0DaCT0RY.«^  m 


I.— EASTWARD  HO! 


I 


HILE  it  is  tnii'  that  tlit-  ;;rctit 
tidf  of  ti'iivcl.  like  tlm  '•Ktiir  of 
fiiiipirc,"  is  ever  wrstwanl,  and 
tlic  iroti-lioiiiiil  higliwiiys  loatl- 
iiij;  toward  tlir  s^ltiuj,'  sun  aw 
tilt'  chaniifls  tlii'ouf,di  whicii  this 
currt'nt  s\irges  witli  fvci'-infrcas- 
iiig  voiiinio,  yot  liko  those  of  thu 
ocean,  this  tide  has  its  ehli  us 
well  as  tlo-\v.  The  business  re- 
iatitms  whicli  exist  between  the 
— -  "  —  ^^'^■"'"'~'        "'        '  East   and   the  West  rendei'  nec- 

essary a  constant  interconmiuni- 
cation,  which  of  itself  is  sntlicient  to  account  for  much  of  tlie  returning 
travel.  In  addition  to  this,  the  social  relations  also  exei't  their  inllu- 
ence.  The  man  who  "  went  West"  to  make  his  foitinie  desires  to 
revisit  the  liome  of  his  youth  on  the  Kastern  hillside.  Perhajis  his 
children,  wlio  liave  grown  up  on  the  i)rairies,  wish  to  see  the  hills  and 
v.alleys  so  often  de.scrilied  hy  their  jiareuts,  and  contra.st  the  almost 
boundless  exjianses  of  tlie  "  great  West  "  with  the  rugged  mountain 
scenery  and  the  rocky  farms,  Avhere  unceasing  toil,  coupled,  perliajis, 
with  honest  jioverty,  laid  the  foundation  for  .sterling  integrity,  which 
the  ease  and  freedom  of  Western  life  Jjave  not  sei'ved  to  obliterate. 

The  attractions  of  tlie  natural  .scenery  of  the  Ej'st  are  of  themselves 
sufKcient  to  call  to  them  annually  thousands  of  tourists,  who.  independ- 
ently of  the  causes  already  mentioned,  occujiy  their  "  summer  vaca- 
tions" with  an  Eastern  tour  simply  for  the  enjoyment  of  the  attractions 
presented  in  the  way  of  pleasant  routes  of  travel,  and  the  scenery  to 
be  enjoyed  on  the  way  or  at  the  objective  point  of  the  journey. 

W^itli  a  view  of  meeting  the  wants  of  this  great  and  constantly 
increasing  class  of  excni-sionists,  this  work  has  been  written.  It  is 
designed  to  point  out  the  most  desirable  routes  between  Chicago  and 
the  Eastern  seaboard,  and  to  serve  as  a  book  of  leaily  reference  by  tlie 


1 


6 


INTKODl  (TdUV, 


way.  Tlif  lincM  of  tnivcl  cIiomcii  arc  siicli  as  will  ;,'ivo  tlw  toiiiiHt  tlio 
most  favoialilc  oii|H)rtunitit'H  for  visiting  tlic  ct'lt'luattMl  smnmtT  rcsorth' 
eu  ronfi:,  ami  scciirt!  tlui  ailvantaj,'t!s  of  paliu-i^  coaclifs,  (lining  ears, 
quick  transit,  and  siiro  connections, — considrrations  which  conil)itui  to 
mak«  a  journey  enjoyalilc,  ami  by  moans  of  which  a  triji  hocoiufs  a 
luxury  as  a  means  as  well  as  an  end. 

The  descriptions  are  made  simple  and  practical,  ami  with  iu>  etl'ort 
to  imjiart  a  roseate  hue  to  the  scenes  (hiserilietl,  liut  with  a  vi»'W  to  aid 
the  touri.st  in  "seeing  with  his  own  t^yes"  thi^  ))eauties  of  landscape  or 
other  scenery  from  the  most  favoralde  points  of  oliservation,  and  (lis 
cover  for  hiiiiself  the  things  too  often  seen  oidy  through  the  medium 
of  the  guide  hook. 

II.— SUMMER  TRAVEL. 

The  benefits  arising  from  a  summer  jaunt,  with  its  release  from  the 
cares  of  business,  are  of  inestimablt^  value.  "Work  and  worry"  are 
killing  hundreds  who  might  be  saved  to  long  life  and  huj)piness  could 
they  but  break  away  from  their  toil  for  a  trip  to  the  mountains  or  sea- 
side, or  somt^  other  place  where  business  cndd  for  the  time  be  forgotten. 
Though  the  resp  te  be  only  a  brief  one,  a  lireak  in  the  monotony  of  a 
busy  life  will  sometimes  relieve  the  tension  which  if  too  long  continued 
snajis  asunder  the  strings  which  need  relaxation  to  preserve  their 
strength. 

The  man  who  esteems  his  life  work  too  imi)ortant  to  admit  of  va- 
cations sometimes  learns,  when  too  late  for  remedy,  that  unrtnuitting 
application  to  his  task  has  totally  dis(iualitied  him  for  its  continuance, 
and  long  l)efore  the  period  when  he  o\ight  to  l)e  in  his  prime,  he  is 
compelled  to  ndin(|uish  to  others  the  work  he  so  fondly  hoped  to  tinish 
himself.  A  little  relaxation  now  and  then  might  hav(!  saved  him  from 
a  collapse,  but  "he  co\ild  n't  afford  the  time." 

Happily  for  the  American  business  worlil,  the  infection  of  "summer 
travel"  grows  more  and  more  contagious  as  its  l)enetits  become  better 
understood.  Year  by  year  the  tide  increases  in  volume,  and  the  facil- 
ities of  travel  are  inuitiplied  to  meet  the  demand.  If  these  pages 
shall  serve  to  assist  the  tourist  in  the  choice  of  his  route,  or,  the  choice 
being  made,  ui  rendering  his  journey  more  enjoyable,  their  purpose 
will  be  fullv  met. 


ii{.. 


toiniMt  tlu) 
iiiicr  niHortf 
iliuiii;{  eurH, 
e()ml)itui  to 
)  becomes  a 

itli  no  efl'ort 
vif'W  to  aid 
anilHua|m  oi' 
on,  and  tliH- 
Iii*  nuMUiiiii 


ise  from  tho 
woiiy"  are 
pinesH  coulil 
tains  or  sea- 
)e  forgotten, 
motony  of  ii 
ig  continued 
eserve  their 

idmit  of  va- 
unrtnuitting 
continuance, 
prime,  he  is 
ped  to  finish 
I'Ai  him  from 

of  "summer 
come  better 
nd  the  facil- 
these  pages 
ir,  the  choice 
leir  j)ur[)ose 


-^v^^ 


•:CHIC7I(10:'PO'l'HK--3EH.v 


^^i 


THE  STARTING  POINT. 

HICAtiO,  the  great  metropolis  of  the  NorthM-est,  with  its 
u»ultitu(h'  of  "raihoad  lines,  and  its  enormous  commerciitl 
interests,  is  most   naturally  the   jwint  of   departure  tor 
east-bound    tourists.      Travelers  from   localities  west   ot 
C;hicago  will  desire  to  tarry  in  the  city  for  a  brmf  pt-riod, 
to  visit  its  water-works,  the  grand  exp  sition  building,  and 
and  the  variety  of  other  objects  of  interest  which  rei.d.;r 
the   place  attractive  to  stranger;;.      In   carrying  out   this 
purpose,  they  will   tind   the   hotel  accommo<lationH  ot  the 
city  to  be  second  to  none  in  America.     The  Clrand  PaciHc, 
Palmer,  Clifton,  Hriggs,  Sherman,  Merchants,  and  a   lu.st 
of  others  of  good   repute,  invite*  the  tourist  to  share  their 
liospitalities,  with  tht!  assuranct-  of  regal  fare  and  sumptuous 
accommodations.     For  full  information  in  regard  to  Chicago 
hotels  and  their  terms,  the  reader  is  ref.a-red  to  t\w  Unt/y 
Nntionnl  Itot.l  Neporter,  which  gives  reliable  and  complete  a.lvices  on 

*^' The'iimits  of  this  work  forbid  even  a  mention  of  the  many  objects 
of  interest  to  be  .seen  in  Chicago  ;  and  having  to  do  with  the  city  on  y 
as  the  starting  point  for  our  tourist,  we  next  settle  the  <,uestion  as  o 
the  route  by  which  our  Easfrn  journey  is  to  be  p.-.-lormed.  Keep  ng 
in  view  th'e  important  points  of  spee.l,  safety  and  com  ort  together 
with  the  attractiveness  of  the  scenery  en  route,  we  hn.l  the  clain.s  ot 

THE  MICHIGAN  CENTRAL  RAILROAD 
To  be  of  a  character  to  meet  all  the  re.piirements  of  the  most  exacting 
tinveler  It  has  long  been  known  as  the  N.A.iAiiA  Falls  Koutk,  ami 
its  recent  acquirement  of  the  Canada  Southern  Railway,  making  now 
a  continuous  line  from  Chicago  to  the  very  verge  o  the  *;''»";;;';;;;;;- 
i-ict  more  fully  than  ever  entitles  it  to  that  ai.[.ellation.  Its  thiough 
sleeping-car  connections,  its  sup.uior  e-iuipment,  its  famous  dining-cars, 
toaethm-  with  the  attractive  country  which  it  traverses,  and  the  many 
interesting  points  reached  by  it,  all  combine  to  decide  the  (p.estion  of 
sui)eriority,  and  inHuence  the  tourist  in  his  choice  of  routes. 


g  ClIliAlln   Ti)    rilK   SKA. 

Til.'  tru\  Id' iirriviiix  in  CliiciiKu  l.v  mlici'  inmU,  iiml  nut.  dfsiiii^ 
t(i  tiirrv  in  tin-  fity.  I'liii  '><•  iiiiini'iliuti'ly  triiM^iffricil  liy  I'iii'iiii'Iim-'h 
oiiiiiilms  lino  tn  tli<''ilt'iM)t  of  tli.'  Mi(lii>,'iiii  ('.■ntml,  mI  tli.'  font  of  l.aki; 
Mtrcot,  iiml  tiikiiiK  liis  Mi-iit  in  ii  \Va«iM'i'  ilni\viii«  n.oni  ciir.  .oniiii.'ii.r 
liJH  jonniny  witli  linu'Kn,!,'"'  <'ln'fkiMl  tlintii^ii  to  ilcstiiiiitioii,  mid  willi 
th.'  iiMsiinuitv  that  jiis  foiiifoit  will  Ix-  .•uivfiiliy  coiisiilfii'il  on  tiii^ 
part  of  tin'  tniiii  finiiloye.s  fioni  tlic  l.c^iiiiiiih!,'  n\'  liis  tii|>  to  tlif  imuI  of 
till'  road. 

THE  CELEBRATED  FAST  EXPRESS 

Of  tliin  roiid  Iciivt'H  Cliicii^'.t  in  the  iiftfiiioon.  and  iis  all  tirsi  iditHM 
ticki^ts  an-  acrt-pti'd  on  tiiis  train  without  rxlra  cliufii"',  it  >«  'i  tavont.' 
willi  tin'  tnivi'linj,'  piililii'.  In  tin;  season  of  sumnit-r  travcL  it  is  a 
po|.nlar  tomists'  train,  on  account  of  its  timely  arrival^  at  Niagara, 
allowing'  the  excursionist  to  spend  the  entire  day  at  the  Kills,  and  take 
the  evening  train  for  the  St.  jjawreni-e  |{iver,  which  is  niched  iit 
Clayton  the  next  niorniny;.  From  this  point,  tic  .'legaiit  'liy  l">ats  of 
the'Sr.  Lawkknci-;  Stka.mhoat  Co.mi'ANV  make  the  trip  down  the  i^iver 
to  Montreal,  ria  Round  J.shmd  Fiirk,  tlie  ceiel.rated  Thousand  Islamls. 
tht)  famous  Rapids,  and  past  the  most  lovely  sceiieiy  of  this  lieautiful 
river,  which  stoutly  contests  with  the  llud.son  the  claim  to  the  title  of 

tiie  "Rhine   of    America."      Tl ntire    journey   is    l.y    daylight,   the 

l.oats  reaching  Montreal  at  <»  i'.  m.  This  trip,  which  will  lie  niore  fully 
described  in  its  proper  place,  constitutws  one  of  the  (hdightful  features 
of  till  (ixcursion  "to  the  sea."  and  has  l.cen  immensely  populari/.cd  \<y 
the  elforts  of  the  St.  LAWiiKNdK  SriCAMiioAr  CoMcanv,  which  is  the 
onlv  lint!  down  the  St.  Lawrence  running  hoats  exclusively  for  pas.sen- 
ger' service.  It  has  won  its  way  to  the  favor  of  the  traveling  |.ul.lic  m 
the  two  past  yfiiVH  of  successful  operation,  lieing  popularly  known  as 
the  Nkw  Amkhican  Link. 

But  to  return  to  the  point  of  digression.  Leaving  Chicago  hy  any 
of  the  express  trains  of  the  Michigan  Central,  tht;  tourist  has  at  Ins 
service  all  the  facilities  which  mai<e  pleasant  a  journey  by  rail.  Tin- 
c.'lehrated  Wagner  drawing-room  and  sleei)ing  ears  are  run  through  to 
New  York  ami  Boston  without  change,  dining  cars  are  attached  to  the 
trains  at  convenient  hours  for  meals,  and  courteous  and  attentive  con- 
ductors, train  men,  porters,  etc.contril.utt!  to  the  couifort  and  pleasure 
of  the  traveler  as  occasion  jjresents  for  their  services. 

The  ride  out  of  the  city  and  through  the  subiu-bs  for  a  considerable 
distance  is  along  the  shores  of  Lake  Michigan,  presenting  views  of  the 
lake  craft,  with  their  white  sails,  or  clouds  of  smoke  and  vapor  from 
theix-  stacks,  as  tar  as  the  eye  can  reach.  The  government  pier,  with 
its  protecting  wall,  stretches  along  the  shore,  and  in  the  distance  may 
be  seen  the  "crib"  of  the  water- works. 

On  the  other  hand,  the  Douglas  monument  and  park  present  them- 
selves to  view,  together  with  numerous  interesting  objects  peculiar  to 
the  suburbs  of  a  great  city,  until,  increasing  its  speed,  the  train  passes 


iiiil  not  ilxMiriiit; 
I  hy  I'liiini'lt'c'H 
till'  foot  i>t'  Laki; 
III  ciir,  iMiniiiii'iici' 
liitioii,  mill  witli 
iiMiili'i'iMl  on  tliM 
■ri|>  to  till'  I'liii  of 


us  all  firHt-fliiMH 
;(',  it  is  a  favoi'itf 
it'i'  travi'l,  it  is  a 
Ival  at-  Niagara, 
It)  b'alls,  ami  takt* 
•li  is  I'fai'JHMl  at 
ifalit^  iliy  lioats  of 
i|i  ilowii  till'  i'i\i'i' 
'hoiisainl  Islatuls. 
ot'  lliis  l)i'autil'ul 
ini  to  tlu!  titlf  oF 
liy  ilaylight,  the 
ivill  III'  luori!  fully 
cli^'litful  I'caturi'H 
ly  |io|iiilari/,cil  l)y 
NV,  wliii'h  is  tlio 
isivi'ly  for  passi'ii- 
i-avi'ling  juiliiif  in 
|)iil:irly  known  us 

^  Ciiicago  hy  any 
Diii'ist  has  at  his 
iit'y  by  rail.  Thn 
re  run  through  to 
I'l'  attachi'il  to  the 
mil  atti-'ntivc  con- 
ifort  and  ph-asure 

for  a  consiilerahle 
iting  views  of  tiie 
V  anil  va|ior  from 
rninent  pier,  with 
the  tUstancf  may 

lark  present  them- 
)bjects  peculiar  to 
I,  the  train  passes 


Tin.    ii|NIMI-(AH    .HV.HTK.M. 

fairly  into  the  open  I'oiiiitry.  wliirli  is  lu'iv  ami  tlii'iv  ilottnl  with  a 
Huluirhan  ivsiilfiii'i',  or  tlii'  tmililings  of  soiih'  thrifty  faiim-r,  or  prr- 
ehaiire  a  jirt'tty  village,  whose  inlial>itiiiits  liavt-  tlirir  laisint'ss  intt'i."sts 
ill  Chicago,  lai't  their  homes  in  the  i|iiit't   siil.tirl.s  of  the  hustling  city. 

Fiftt'i'ii  miles  out,  we  pass  the  charming  town  of  t'ti.l.MAN,  a  mmlel 
settlement,  son  etimes  calle.l  the  ••magic  city."  with  its  elegant  huil.l- 
ings,  all  of  l.rick.  in  the  most  approseil  styles  of  architecture.  Its 
important  imlustrial  enterprises  are  largely  connect eil  with  the  interests 

of  trav.'l.  coiiiprisiug  the  .Mien  japer  car-wl I  shops,  the  I'uliman  car 

manufactory,  ami  various  other  cstahlishmeiits  which  co  itrilmte  to  the 
prosperity  of  this  llourishiiig  town. 

.\t  ilhollt  this  stage  of  the  Journey,  if  <.ll  l.oanl  the  Fast  Kxpress, 
or  the  later  train  known  as  the  .Vtiaiitic  the  tourist  is  grceteil  with 
the  welcome  aiiiiouucciiient.  from  a  man  in  white  c;ip  ami  apron,  look- 
ing as  though  he  hail   just  steppeil  in  from  (he  I'almer  Mouse  cafe, 

"DINNER  NOW   READY    IN   THE   DINING  CAR." 


;■.  »lie  iliniiig-car 

tor  refieshliiellts 


Among  the  moilern  comfortN  of  railway  tra\eliu 
system  lakes  a  prominent  place.  'I'lie  hasty  scranil>le 
at  a  waysiili'  restaurant,  with 
the  constant  fear  of  ••getting 
left,"  and  a  conseiiuent  IkjU- 
iiiL'  of  half  -  masticated  food, 
witii  dyspepsia  in  its  train, 
now  gives  place  to  a  leisurely 
I'ateli  meal,  served  ill  elegant 
stvie,  with  all  the  appoint- 
ments and  couM'iiiences  that 
call  lie  suggesteil  I'y  the  most 
reliiied  taste.  The  Michigan 
( 'I'litral  was  aiuoiig  the  lirst 
to  adopt  this  innovation,  and 
M)  popular  has  it  hecoiiie  as 
an  adjunct  to  their  already 
long  list  of  popular  features, 
that  they  havi;  recently  con- 
structed four  of  these  elegant 
liotels  iiiion  wheels,  and  placed 
them  upon  their  line  ln'tween 

Chicago  and  Niagara  Falls.  These  dining  cai>,  .re  models  ot  taste, 
elegance  and  convenience,  with  sfiacious  kitchens,  store  rooms  aiid 
lavTitories,  large  plate-glass  windows,  folding  or  opera  chairs,  ami  in 
fact  every  convenience  that  taste  and  exi)erience  could  suggest  for  the 
comfort  of  their  patrons.  ..       ,■         i 

A  glance  at  the   iiinnii.  which  is  as  complete  as  that  ot  a   hrst-ciasH 
hotel  attests  the  fact  that  the  gratification  of  its  patrons,  and  not  profit 


10 


CHICAdO   T(t   THK    SKA. 


to  its  treasiiry,  is  the  first  great  aim  of  the  conipaiiy  in  operatiiiju;  the 
dinirii,'  car  system.  ImU'eil,  it  may  well  he  iniestioneil  how  such  elegant 
meals  can  he  furnisheil  for  the  sum  of  seventy-Kve  cents,  when  a  simi- 
lar repast  at  many  a  hotel  in  tin  '••■"!  wonhl  cost  from  one  to  two 
dollars.  Perhajjs  a  solution  of  the  jirohlem  may  he  found  in  the  re- 
mark of  a  shrewd  Yankee,  who  once  sat  opjMJsite  the  writer  at  tahle  in 
one  of  these  cars.  Ht;  had  evhlently  fasted  for  many  hours  ))i'evious, 
as  liis  voracious  ajiju'tite  clearly  indicated.  ( )n  rising  from  the  tahle, 
lie  soliicKjuized  thus  :  '•Well.  J  guess  this  concei-n  han't  made  much  out 
o'  me  '.his  time,  Imt  I  shall  alius  rome  by  this  roati;  heri-dfii'r."  , 

The  dining-car  .system  is  also  in  successful  operation  on  the  Canada 
divisiim  of  the  ]Mic!iig.(U  Central,  the  »'(|ui]>ments  and  apjiointments 
lieing  of  the  same  charn-tei-  and  completeness.  Indee'l.  so  ]ioj)ulai'  has 
this  feature  hecoiue.  that  several  other  cars  are  in  course  of  construc- 
tion to  extend  thi;  .system  in  a  manner  to  meet  every  demand  of  tiie 
puhlic  for  accommodation  in  this  direction. 

But  while  we  ha.e  heen  thus  imlulging  in  reHections  on  this  suh- 
ject.  tiie  train  has  heen  speeding  onwai'd,  and  here  we  ai'e  at  .MicHi(;.\\ 
City,  on  the  extreme  sonthein  shore  of  Lake  Michigan,  and  the  great 
liimher  })ort  of  Noithern  Indiana.  It  is  a  railroad  center  of  .some  im- 
portance, the  Imlianapolis,  Peru  it  Chicago,  and  liouisville,  New  Al- 
hany  iVr  Chicago  Hailroad:;  occupying  tlie  union  dejiot  with  the  Alicli- 
igan  Central.  The  jiopula*!  )n  is  al)Out  eight  thou-and,  and  its  primi- 
pal  husiness  intei'csts  are  manufacturing  and  lumhei'.  The  view  of  the 
city  from  the  car  wini'iows  gives  a  less  favoiahle  impression  of  the 
])]ace  th;ra  a  clcsei-  insipection  entitles  it  to,  the  immense  "sand  iduHs 
i.'id  luipretendiii,;  huildings  on  the  lake  shoie  hcing  the  most  ctmspic- 
uou..  ohjects  near  the  ti'ack.  The  city  proper  is  tpiite  an  attractive  and 
pleasant  locality.  Its  chief  hotels  are  tli(>  St.  Nicholas,  Union  and 
Jewell. 

Ten  miles  further  eastward,  we  reach  Ni;w  Bri'FALO,  the  southern 
terminus  of  the  Chicago  tV  West  ^lichigan  Kaihoad.  which  from  this 
point  skirts  the  ea.tcrn  shore  of  Lake  Michigan,  foi'ming  the  shore  line 
to  Pentwater.  It  is  a  jiretty  little  town  of  ahout  one  thousand 
inliahitants. 

Passing  several  stations  at  which  the  express  trains  make  no  stop, 
twenty  miles  further  on  we  reach  Niles,  a  flourishing  city  of  nearly 
five  thousand  inliahitants. 

The  Michigan  Central  has  a  hranch  road  running  from  this  ]toint 
to  South  Bend,  and  it  is  also  tlie  western  terminus  of  its  "Air  Line  " 
division,  the  other  Iteing  Jackson.  INfuch  of  the  freight  husiness  of  the 
road  is  done  over  tl  is  (livi.sion,  relieving  the  main  line  for  the  1  tetter 
accommodation  of  i..s  innnense  passenger  traffic.  Mercantile  and  nian- 
ufocturing  interests  occu])y  the  attention  of  the  thriving  jteople  of  Niles, 
a  superior  water  power  furnishing  e.Kcellent  facilities  for  tlour  and  j)aper 
mills  and  other  enterjirises,  which  comhine  to  make  this  aii  important 
business  center.     Its  leading  hotels  are  the  Bond,  Pike  and  Farler. 


illii 


IMl'ORTANT    TOWNS    AI.ONti    TIIK    LINK. 


11 


y  in  oiH'iittiiiju;  tlin 
1  liow  Hiifh  <'l(';j;aiit 
Mits,  wlit'ii  a  siiui- 
froni  uiif  to  two 
lolMlll  ill  tlie  it^- 
writt'i-  at  tal)it!  in 
IV  lioni's  ))revioiis, 
jj;  tioni  tin-  tahic, 
I't  made  niiicli  out 
hvri'iit'ti'r."  , 
on  on  tlu'  Canada 
iiid  ai)|)oiiitiiii'iitH 
I'll,  so  jiojmlai'  lias 
inisc  of  L'oiistriic- 
•y  dfiiiaiid   of  till' 

ions  on  this  snli- 
'  arc  at  .MiciiicAN 
an,  and  tlic  i;i'''''t 
[•liter  of  some  im- 
juisvillf,  New  Al- 
)t  with  the  Alich- 
id,  and  its  princi- 
Tlie  view  of  the 
incjiression  of  tlie 
nense'saiid  'oluH's 
tlie  most  etnisjtic- 
an  attractive  and 
liolas,   Union  and 

■'Ai.o,  the  southern 
.  wliich  from  this 
liiiii  tlie  shore  line 
mt    one    tlionsand 

ins  make  no  stop, 
ini;  citv  of  nearlv 

i;  from  this  point 
f  its  "  Air  Line  " 
;lit  ))iisiness  of  the 
lie  for  the  1  tetter 
ruantiie  and  maii- 
ig  people  of  Niles, 
for  Hour  and  j)aper 
this  an  important 
ke  and  Farler. 


At  Lawton-,  thirtv-one  miles  from  Niles,  connection  is  miide  with 
the  Paw  Paw  Railroad  for  Hartford,  Lawrence  and  Paw  Paw.  The 
express  tr.iins  do  not  stop,  however,  but.  hurrying  onwanl,  the  next 
important  station  is  that  so  well  known  as  the  "  Hig  Village." 

Kalamvzuu,  with  a  population  of  aliont  twelve  thousand,  and  no 
city  charter,  prides  itself  on  l.eing  one  of  the  largest  villages  in 
America.  Except  in  its  municipality,  however,  it  is,  to  all  intents  and 
purposes,  a  citv,  witii  its  extensive  public  works,  its  thriving  manufact- 
uring establishments,  ami  its  important  railroad  interests.  The  South 
Haven  division  of  the  Micliigan  (!entr,il  extends  westward  from  here 
to  the  shore  of  Lake  Michigan.  Intersection  is  also  made  with  the 
Orand  itapids  .V  Indiana  liailroad  and  the  Kalamazoo  <livisioii  ol  the 
Lake  Shore  Hailwav.  The  maiuifaeturing  and  mercantile  interests  ot 
Kalamazoo  are  <|uite  extensive,  and  it  has  also  acpiired  no  little  celeb- 
rity as  a  market  for  superior  agricultural  products.  Its  leading  hotels 
are  the  I5urdick  House,  Kalamazoo  House  and  American  House. 

B.VTTLK  Okkkk,  twenty-threi  miles  east  of  Kalamazoo,  is  the  n"xt 
important  city  on  the  route,  and  is  one  of  the  most  thriving  and  eiiter- 
prisiim  towns  in  the  State.  Alaiiy  of  its  luisiness  interests  are  on  an 
extensive  scale,  notably  the  manufacture  of  threshing  machinery  and 
C'ii"iiies,  three  large  establishments  lieiiig  devoted  to  tliis  industry. 
Oirai.p'roachingth'ecity  the  buildings  of  the  Iln-i,-w  <('•  Ihn-ahl  Vnh- 
lishiiiir  establishment  are  among  the  first  to  attract  attention.  aii<l  just 
befonf  the  train  comes  to  a  halt,  it  pas.ses  the  shops  of  the  Batti.k 
t'liEKK  ,Ma('H!NKUV  Comi'axv,  wliicli  are  on  the  left  of  the  track, 
while  the  factorv  of  the  Uxio.v  Sciiooi.  FiuxrriiiK  (.'o.mpanv  is  nearly 
opposite,  on  the  right.  The  i.'.'oducls  of  the  former  company  are 
shipped  to  all  parts  of  the  world,  while  the  "Automatic"  school-seat  is 
jic(|uiring  a  national  reputation  as  one  of  the  most  convenient  and 
iini<|ue  articles  of  furniture  ever  put  in  use  in  a  school-room. 

The  inter.section  of  the  :Michigan  Central,  the  Chicago  iV  Crand 
Trunk,  and  the  Toledo  iV:  3Iilwaukee  Kailroads.  the  latter  just  coiii- 
..leted,  renders  Battle  Creek  an  imjiortant  railroad  .enter,  and  accounts 
for  the  rapid  and  prosperous  growth  of  the  city.  Tiiis  is  also  the  loca- 
tion of  the 

CELEBRATED  MEDICAL  AND  SURGICAL  SANITARIUM, 
Which  has  gained  an  enviable  reimtation  as  an  invalid's  home.  Al- 
though not  originally  designeti  as  a  summer  resort,  its  facilities  in  that 
dircL^ion  lum^ma  Ic  it  a  hivorite  summer  home  for  laany  who  would 
hardly  call  themselves  invalids.  Here  may  be  found  a  remedy  for  one 
■rreat' drawback  to  the  success  of  summer  vacations  in  general,  which 
are  ot>en  robbed  of  much  of  their  sanitary  benetit  by  poor  food  and  in- 
attention to  the  laws  of  health.  While  the  cuisine  of  this  establish- 
ment is  of  the  most  Ijounteous  chi<nv  ter,  it  is  especially  ordered  with 
reference  to  healthfulness,  and  is  in  itself  one  important  element  of  tln^ 
jrreat  success  of  the  institution  in  curing  the  sick. 


12 


CHICACJO   TO   THK   SEA. 


The  fiicilities  of  tlie  Sanitarium  for  the  ti'eatment  of  disease  are  tlie 
best  knowi!  to  uiodeni  niedieal  scienre.  In  addition  to  Ijaths  of  every 
description,  inchidiiig  Turkish,  Russian,  vapor,  electro-vapor  theriiii.l. 


etc.,  the  emjtioyment  of  massage,  Swedish  movements,  and  the  various 
forms  of  electrical  ti'eatment,  are  orovided  for  by  costly  appliances, 
!-ome  of  which  were  designed  expiessly  for  this  institution.  When  we 
add  that  the  medical  su))erintendent,  Dr.  J.  H.  Kellogg,  is  a  member 
of  the  State  Board  of  Health,  and  occupies  a  position  of  greai    j.rom- 


li 


l.Ml'OUTANT    TOWNS    AI.ONd    TllK    LINK. 


13 


disease  are  the 
)ath.s  of  evti'v 
apor  tluuiiii.i. 


w 


r 


lid  the  Viuious 
tly  ajipliaiRvs, 
m.  Wlu'ii  we 
J,  is  ii  iiH'ml)er 
f  gieiiv   ).rom- 


1 


inenw  us  a  wiitiT  and  lecturer  m  saiiitaiy  matters,  and  tl.at  a  stall  ot 
edueated  and  iiitelli',"!<t  jreiit'  •men  and  lady  pliysieians  are  constanHy 
carini;  for  [latients  and  visitors,  we  have  indicated  some  of  the  reasons 
for  the  marvelous  prosj.eritN  of  the  institution.  Our  illustration  ,i;ives 
u  view  of  the  main  lmildin«.  A  larye  nunil-er  of  eotta<;es  and  other 
buildinjjs  make  up  the  facilities  of  th.-  !SA.\(TAKir.M  for  taking  care  ot 
its  guests.  _ 

The  leading  hotels  of  IJattle  Creek  are  tiie  Lewis  H(aise  and  the 
Williams  House,  the  Sanitarium  being  also  a  favorite  transient  home 
with  m.mv  travelers. 

Shortly  after  leaving  the  .station  at  Battle  Creek,  the  tram  c<mies 
to  a  halt  at  tlie  cro.ssin-  of  the  Chicago  i^-  (irand  Trunk  Uaihvay.  i.t 
the  station  named  Nichols,  the  location  of  the  extensive  works 
where  are  manufactured  tiie  celebrated  Nichols,  Shepard  A-  Co.'s  "  \  i- 
brator  "  threshing  machinery,  engines,  etc.  This  is  one  of  the  most 
important  in>'.ustries  of  the  city,  giving  employment  to  a  large  number 
of  skilled  mechanics.  Just  beyond  are  the  railioad  shops  of  the  C.  ii 
G.  T.  Conii)any,  which  also  furnish  employment  to  a  goodly  number  of 

Makshai.l,  the  ne.\t  important  station,  is  a  pleasant  httle  town,  the 
county  seat  of  Calhoun  county,  with  some  manufacturing  interests,  and 
considerable  wealth,  being  the  center  of  a  large  and  prosj.erous  agricul- 
tural .Ustrict.  It  is  widely  known  among  travelers  as  the  dining  station 
of  the  Michigan  Central"  Kailroad.  Tlie  day  trains  still  make  their 
stoi)S  here  for  dinner,  and  the  hours  of  inichhiy  are  among  the  liveli.^st 
th.-  people  of  this  (piiet  place  witne.ss.  It  is  the  boast  of  the  manager,s 
of  the  dinhig-rooms  that  a  failure  to  provide  chicken  pie  tor  then- 
guests  has  occurred  but  once  in  sev(Miteen  years,  although  fabulous 
prices  often  have  to  be  paid  for  the  feathered  bipe.ls  to  perpetuate  the 
time-honored  custom.  •     i  i       i 

The  Tontine,  Forbes  and  Tremont  Hous.-s  are  the  principal  hotels. 
Aijuox  is  the  next  town  of  much  importance  in  our  journey,  and  is 
really  a  thriving  place,  some  of  its  manufactures  being  widely  known. 
It  is'also  the  seat  of  Albion  College,  a  nourishing  denominational  school, 
under  the  management  of  the  Methodists.  Our  road  her.;  intersects  the 
Lansing  division  of  the  Lake  Shore  Railway.  The  principal  hotels  ot 
Albion'are  the  Commercial  and  the  Albion  House. 

Our  hext  important  station  is  Jackson,  the  largest  city  in  the  inte- 
rior of  the  State.  As  the  central  iMjint  of  heavy  railroad  intere.sts, 
important  man-ifactures,  and  .-xtensive  commercial  enterprises  the  city 
is  well  known.  The  State  i.rison  is  located  here,  ami  is  of  itselt  a 
manufacturing  establishment  of  no  little  importance.  The  railroa. 
shops  of  the  Michigan  Central  give  employment  to  nearly  a  t)iousan< 
men,  and  thus  contribute  largely  to  the  city's  prosperity.  The  min.-ral 
resources  of  the  vicinity  are  of  no  small  magnitude,  coni[)rising  coal, 

salt,  tire  clay,  etc.  .  .    ^  •  i  w-     • 

It  is  the  terminus  of  the  Grand  River  Valley,  Air  Lme,  ami  Sagi- 


14 


(•|ll(A(fl>    TO    THE    SKA. 


naw  divisions  of  tlie  Michigan  (Vntial  Kailroad  and  tin-  Fort  Wayne 
and  Jai'kson  l.randics  oftlie  Lake  Slioic  and  Midiigan  Suiitlu-in  Hail- 
way.  PasHcngcis  fJiangt"  here  for  tlie  i)leasure  resorts  of  northern 
Michigan,  via  the  Mackinaw  Division  of  tiie  Cential,  witli  whidi  con- 
nection is  nia(h'  at  Bay  City. 

Tlie  Hil.l.ard  House,  tla*  Hurd  House,  the  Commercial,  and  several 
smaller  hotels,  take  good  care  of  travelers  who  have  occasion  to  tarry 
in  Jackson. 

Tliirty-eight  miles  west  of  Detroit,  the  train  halts  at  Ann  Akhor, 
tlie  county  seat  of  Waslitenaw  county,  which  lias  a  resident  populatioii 
of  about  ten  thousand,  not  including  the  stuilents  ol'  the  State  Univer- 
sity, which  nund)er  nearly  tifteen  hundivd.  The  city  is  pleasantlv  si'.- 
uated  on  hoth  sides  of  the  Huron  Kiv(-r,  its  streets' I. eing  wide,  tinelv 
laid   out,  and   adorned  with  shadtr  trees.     The   Toledo,  Ann  Arl.or  i 


tXIVEl'-'.TV    OK    MICHIGAN. 


Grand  Trunk  Kailway  uives  the  place  ;,  north  and  south  business  out- 
let, while  the  Central  takes  care  of  the  ea.st  and  west  business.  The 
Huron  Kiver  furnishes  excellent  water  power,  an.i  the  Hourishin.r  in- 
du.stries  of  the  city  .show  how  well  it  is  improved.  " 

In  a.Ulition  to  all  the.se,  its  reputation  as  an  educational  centei- 
places  It  among  the  mo.st  important  of  Michigan  citi -.s.  Its  local  ].ub- 
lic  schools  are  of  a  high  ordei'  of  excellence,  especially  its  High  School, 
which  occupies  an  elegant  building  co.sting  •'^  in,()(M.  But  its  chief 
importance  in  this  respect  is  from  tlie  fact  of  its  being  the  .seat  of  the 
University  of  Michigan,  with  its  ilepartments  of  literature,  science  and 
arts,  law,  medicine,  pharmacy,  dental  stu'gerx  ,ind  engineering.  This* 
nistitutiou  has  almost  a  world-wide  reputation  as  one  of  the  foremost 


11^ 


IMl'OKTANT    TOW.VS    AI.MN(i    TlIK    LINK. 


15 


le  Fort  VVnyne 
Suutlu'in  Hiiil- 
ts  of  nortlit'Di 
kitli  wliidi  coii- 

iitl,  autl  si'vcrnl 
;asion  to  titiry 

t  Ann  Akiiok, 
cut  iio|nilatiou 
'  State  UniviT- 

pleasaiitly  si'.- 
ii<;  wiilt',  tiiifly 

Ann  Ailior  it 


Imsiness  out- 
usiness.  The 
nourishing  in- 

itional  eentei- 
Its  local  ]uib- 

High  School, 
But  its  chief 
e  seat  of  the 
e,  science  and 
lecving.     Thisi 

the  foivniost 


sciiools  in  the  laml.  and  indeed  many  of  its  stuilents  are  from  abroad, 
attracted   i.y   its  fame,  ami  the  excellei\t  facilities    it  their  conuuiUid. 

The  St.  James.  Cook,  au<l  L.-onard  Houses.  ar<'  the  principal  hotels. 

Yi'sii.ANTi,  eight  miles  distant  from  Ann  Arbor,  is  the  next  sto)i- 
ping  place,  and  is"a  pleasant  town  of  some  live  thousand  inhabitants. 
The  tiiK^  water  power  of  Hiu-on  Hiver  is  hen^  utilized  by  sm-eral  manu- 
factories, among  which  tliat  of  paper-making  is  brought  to  a  higli  state 
of  excellence.  In  addition  to  the  railroad  facilities  afforded  by  the 
>[ichigan  Central,  it  has  southerly  coumiunication  liy  mi.-ans  of  a 
branch  of  the   Lak.'  Shore  A-   Michigan  Southern    Railway.      It  is  the 


STATE    NOKMAl.    SCHOOL. 

seat  of  the  State  Normal  School,  which  occujues  an  elegant  building, 
and  beautiful  gromuls,  the  latter  donated  to  the  State  for  the  purpose. 
There  are  many  line  i-esidences  here,  some  of  them  the  homes  of  busi- 
ness men  of  Detroit. 

The  Roberts.  Lewis,  and  Hawkins  Houses,  the  Europeai),  and  sev- 
eral others,  furnish  adequate  hotel  accommodations. 

From  Ypsilanti,  the  train  spee<ls  swiftly  over  the  smoothest  of 
tracks,  past  pleasant  villages,  thro\igh  verdant  fields,  and  in  view  of 
snug  farm-hcmses,  the  ne.xt  important  stopl^ing  places  being  Wayne 
JixcTiox,  where  connection  is  made  with  the  Flint  &  Pere  Manjuete 
Kailroad,  and  Si-RiNinvKLLs,  formerly  Uraml  Trunk  Junction,  three 
miles  beyond  which  is 

DETROIT,  THE   CITY   OF  THE  STRAIT. 

The  largest  city  in  Michigan,  and  its  commercial  metropolis,  it  is 
beautif"lly  situated  on  the  Detroit  River,  IS  miles  from  Lake  Erie, 
and  7  from  Lake  St.  C!lair.  It  is  one  of  the  prettiest,  jaeasantest  cities 
in  all  the  West,  and  the  oldest,  as  well.  Its  rapicl  giwth  during  the 
past  twenty  years  is  a  marked  feature  in  connection  with  its  history. 
The  many  lines  of  railroad  centering  here,  and  its  extensive  commercial 
interests,  together  with  the  rich  agriodtural  region  which  here  finds  an 
outlet  for  its  products,  all  contribute  to  the  prosi)erity  of  tlie  city. 


f-1 


16 


CIIICAOO   TO   THE   SEA. 


fl     t 


l 


l 


i; 


Tlu'  ('XLMirsiuiiist  will  tin' I  mudi  to  interest  in  a  visit  tr)  Detroit. 
Its  locution  upon  tlie  ii\er,  wliieli  is  hero  iiliout  hall'  a  mile  wide,  sug- 
gests excursions  l)y  water,  which  constitute  a  considiirahle  .sliare  of  the 
recreation  of  its  peoiiie.  In-  tlie  nunierous  lines  of  .steamers  wiiich  )iiv 
lietween  the  city  and  various  |K)ints  on  the  river  and  tlie  lakes.  The 
puhlic  parks  of  the  city  atford  pleasant  "  breathing  places  "  for  those 
who  choose  to  avail  themscdves  of  their  advantages.  In  addition  to 
the  oldei'  I'esorts  of  this  class,  the  city  has  recently  purchased  J5ell(( 
Isle,  with  an  ai'ea  of  aliout  .'-!(•()  acres,  and  a  park  commission  are  en- 
g;iged  in  fhe  work  of  improvement,  the  result  of  wliich  will  he  the  pro- 
viding of  a  place  of  recreation  for  citizens  and  visitors,  comparing  fa- 
yorahly  with  tlie  parks  of  any  of  the  large  cities.  Boats  leave  at 
fre.pient  intervals  for  the  Island',  from  the  foot  of  Woodward  Avenue. 

To  notice  the  many  attiactions  which  tempt  the  tourist  to  prolong 
his  stay  in  the  l)eautiful  City  of  the  Strait  would  nnjuire  too  much  of 
our  sj)aee.  We  can  only  add  that  the  resources  of  the  vicinity  in  the 
way  of  entertainment  and  recreation  are  ample,  and  of  suHicient  vai-iety 
to  render  a  visit  to  the  city  an  occasion  of  much  enjoyment.  The  hotel 
facilities  are  unexcelled,  comprising  tifty  or  more,  including  the  Antis- 
<lel,  Brunswick,  Griswold,  Madison,  Michigan  Exchange,  Rice's  Tem- 
perance, St.  Charles,  Russell,  and  a  variety  of  lesser  hou.ses,  at  all 
prices.  At  thos-'!  al)ove  mentioned,  the  terms  range  from  81  to  s;?.,')!) 
per  day. 

CROSSING  THE  FERRY. 

Continuing  our  eastward  journey  from  Detroit,  the  river  is  crossed 
to  the  Canada  shore  l)y  means  of  the  ferry,  and  the  transhipment  of 
the  train  is  an  operation  of  much  interest  to  one  who  okserves  it  for 
the  first  time.  The  mannnoth  transfer  boat,  capable  of  holding,  in 
several  .sections,  the  long  j)assenger  train,  is  securely  fastened  to  the 
dock,  and  the  cars  are  run  on,  with  their  load  of  passengers  and 
baggage.  The  powerful  machinery  of  the  boat  is  set  in  motion,  and  in 
a  few  moments  the  train  is  again' made  up  at  Windsor,  on  the  Canada 
side,  ready  to  proceed  on  its  way. 

Windsor,  the  western  terminus  of  the  Canada  division  of  the 
Michigan  Central  Railroad,  is  a  flourishing  tow  "  about  eight  thou- 
sand inhabitants  directly  across  the  river  from  Detroit.  The  town  of 
Sandwich,  two  miles  below,  has  some  celebrity  as  a  summer  resort  on 
account  of  its  mineral  springs. 

The  chief  interest  of  the  American  tourist  in  regard  to  Canada, 
however,  is  in  getting  througli  it.  While  there  are  many  things  worthy 
of  note  'n  connection  with  the  homes  of  our  cousins  over  tha  border, 
t'ley  art  best  appreciated  by  a  longer  tarry  than  can  be  afforded  by  the 
excursionist  who  makes  a  flying  trip  between  the  West  and  the  East. 
The  pr«3,judice  of  the  native  American,  so  frequently  manifested  against 
everything  Canadian,  is  often  as  unfounded  as  it  is  vmreasonable.  To 
be  sure,  the  difference  between  Canada  and  the  States  in  habits  and 


'sit  to  Detroit, 
mile  wide,  ^iig- 
ilc  .siiiirt"  »)i'  the 
itM'.s  wiiieh  ]>lv 
1.'  lakes.  Tlie 
c(!S  "  for  t!\ose 
[n  tuldition  to 
nvlmsed  Belle 
lission  are  eii- 
rill  he  the  |iro- 
c'oiiiparing  fa- 
Boat.s  leaAC  at 
Iwai'd  Avenue, 
list  to  |)rolon<; 
B  too  much  of 
vicinity  in  the 
iHicient  vai-iety 
lit.  The  hotel 
ing  the  Antis- 
?,  Rice's  Teni- 
hou.ses,  at  all 

1  81  to  s.ino 


iver  is  ciossed 
mshipnient  of 
observes  it  for 
of  holding,  in 
stened  to  the 
issengers  and 
lotioa,  and  in 
)n  the  Canada 

vLsion    of  the 

it  eiglit  thou- 

The  town  of 

ner  resort  on 

d  to  Canada, 
things  worthy 
r  tli3  border, 
[forded  by  the 
iiid  the  East, 
fested  against 
isonable.  To 
n  habits  and 


TIIK    UOUTE   THROUUII    O.VNADA. 


17 


customs  is  sonietinu's  .|uit.-  marked,  but  fre.,upntly  not  more  ho  than 
that  existing  between  ditftsreut  sections  of  our  own  country.  lh(>  rail- 
road is  .loing  much  toward  the  aiiuihilatioi.  of  all  these  ditf.'ivnces,  by 
facilitating  iutercours.-  and  the  comingliiig  (.f  the  i-eople  ot  all  sections. 
The  trip  ihrough  Canada  is  eia  the  Canada  division,  formerly  the 

CANADA  SOUTHERN  RAILWAY, 

And  istheonlv  line  through  Ctinada  under  distiuctiively  American  man- 
a^'emeiit.  While  the  ]\Iicliigan  division  of  the  road  contributes  a  large 
arammt  of  local  business,  even  to  the  e.vinvss  trains,  the  less  populous 
districts  of  Canada  are  sutKciently  accimimodated  l)y  the  local  trains, 
allowing  the  through  expresses  to  inak(!  long  and  rai)id  runs,  with  i\'w 
stops.  The  fast  New  York  exjn-ess,  for  instance,  is  timeil  to  make  the 
run  from  Windsor  to  St.  Thomas,  a  distanc;  of  111  mil.;s,  with  only  a 
single  sto)),  about  mi.lway.  The  level  country  through  xyhich  the 
road  passes,  with  the  long  stretches  of  airiline,  many  miles  in  extent, 
are  con.Uieive  to  smooth  and  rapid  running,  and  in  this  respect  am].ly 
compensates  for  any  lack  of  beauty  in  the  natural  scenery.  There  are, 
however,  some  quite  interesting  sections  of  country  on  the  route. 

St.  Thomas,  about  midway  of  the  line,  is  a  city  of  some  eight  or 
nine  thousand  inhabitants,  and  of  considerable  importance  as  a  railroad 
center.  We  hero  cross  the  Great  Western  division  of  the  Grand 
Trunk,  and  connect  with  the  St.  Clair  division  of  the  Michigan  Central, 
and  the  Credit  Valley  Railway  for  Toronto.  The  leading  hotels  are 
the  Commercial,  Queens,  Hutchinson,  Wilcox  and  Ll^gar. 

At  NiAGAHA  Junction  the  train  divides,  and  th  it  portion  having 
Buffalo  for  its  objective  point,  proceeds,  by  way  of  Fort  Erie  and  Black 
Rock,  to  the  Union  Depot  in  Buflalo,  while  the  other  portion  goes  to 
America's  greatest  pleasure  resort  via   the  Niagara   Falls  division  of 

the  road.  , 

Shouhl  the  tourist  choose  to  first  visit  Buflalo,  he  may  i)roce  d  to 
the  Falls  by  later  trains,  which  run  at  frecpient  intervals  during  the 
day  between  the  two  points. 

THE  CITY  OF  BUFFALO 
Is  of  interest  to  the  excursionist  as  one  of  the  most  important  com- 
mercial centers  weft  of  New  York  City,  and  the  focus  of  a  large  num- 
ber of  railroads.  It  has  a  magnificent  harbor,  one  of  the  best  on  the 
whole  chain  of  lakes,  its  water  front  extending  about  five  miles,  half  on 
Lake  Erie  and  half  on  Niagara  River.  Its  grain  elevators,  some 
thirty  in  all,  have  a  storage  capacity  of  nearly  six  millions  of  bushels, 
and  are  capable  of  transferring  about  half  that  amount  every  twenty- 
four  hours.  Ah  the  western  terminus  of  the  Erie  Canal,  and  with  its 
lake  shipping  and  railroad  facilities,  it  has  become  the  largest  grain 
iiort  in  America,  with  the  single  exception  of  New  York  City. 

The  traveler  who  may  wish  to  prolong  his  stay  in  Buffalo  will  Hnd 
a  multitude  of  hotels,  of  all  degrees  of  excellence. 


iHk.  jtk.  Jki  itim  jJk  idk.  ttk.  Ml  ail!k  >(k  Ai  ]Ai  jAr 

^Mi#i  Niagara  Falls.  \ 

I  affi  Mfjfi  :igit  »ffc  :ifjfi  •.'ign  :>yui  iff',  wgf  si^ii  xyii  Jijp  ii||>' 


F  nil  tht'  |)lciis(ii'("  I'csoits  on  the 
AiiH'iieaii  cuntiiii'iit,  |iiolial)ly 
none  receive  anii'.mlly  so  inimy 
visitors  as  tlic  t'aiiioiis  I'atai'ai.'t 
wlitTc  tilt'  waters  of  tlie  tipjier 
lakes  so  yrandly  plmit;e  over 
the  ])recn|iiee  on  their  way  to 
l/tke  ( )ntario.  The  reasons  for 
this  are.  doiilitless,  tii'st.  the 
wonilerfiil  attractiveness  of  the 
Fails  as  an  olijeet  of  interest, 
a7l(l.  seet)nilly.  their  ease  of  ac- 
cess, and  the  eonse(|neiit  facility  with  which  they  may  lie  visited.  Sit- 
uated u|K)i;  the  main  thoroiifihfare  lietween  the  Kast  and  the  West, 
over  which  sucli  a  constant  tide  of  travel  is  sin,i;in,i,'  throujihout  the 
entire  year,  it  reijuires  hut  little  sacritice  of  time  on  the  part  of  many 
to  pay  them  a  visit.  But  these  are  merely  the  casual  \isitors,  in  addi- 
tion to  whom  thousands  annually  come  from  all  jiarts  of  the  land,  and 
from  ovei'  the  ocean,  to  ;,'aze  upon  this  far-fame(l  catai'act. 

We  desi^rn  to  give  in  this  cliaptei-  such  facts  as  shall  serve  as  a 
complet(!  f,'uidt!  for  the  tourist  in  visiting  this  resort,  not  only  to  all  the 
points  of  interest,  hut  such  other  information  as  sliall  render  liis  visit 
enjoyahle.  Before  entering  into  jiarticulars,  we  present  a  general  de- 
scription of  Niagara,  in  a  comjn'ehensive  view,  wliich  will  assist  the 
reader  in  under.standing  tlie  .several  detailed  descrijitions  wliich  follow. 
Niagara  River  is  tlie  outlet  of  Lake  Erie,  connecting  it  with  On- 
tario, the  lowest  in  tlie  great  chain  of  lakes,  wliicli  vinitedly  are  the 
largest  inland  reservoirs  in  the  wtn'ld.  Tlie  river  is  only  '.V.\  miles  in 
length,  and  the  total  descent  in  that  distance  is  X\\  feet.  Lake  ( )ntai  io 
heing  that  much  lower  tlian  Erie,  which  is  ;')(),')  feet  above  sea  level. 
About  a  mile  above  the  Falls  the  waters  commence  to  descend  with 
srreat  velocity,  constituting  what  is  known  as  the  Rapid.s,  secoml  in  in- 
terest only  to  the  Falls  themselves,  and  adding  to  the  interest  of  the 
latter  by  giving  such  an  increased  velocity  to  the  water  in  its  }ilunge 
ovei-  tlie  precipice.     The  total  descent  in  tliis  mile  is  52  feet,  and  the 


:■*•••«- 


ii'c-  rcsoits  on  tlic 
ntiiii'iit,  |iiol)alily 
anip.ially  so  iniiiiy 
If  t'iinioiis  fatai'art 
tt'fs    of  tlic    tllllM'l' 

iidly    plniit;n  omt 

on   tlii'ir  way   to 

TIiH  reasons  for 

lllltlfSS,      til'St.      till! 

ractivcnt'ss  of  flin 
ihjt'ct  of  interest, 
,  tlicir  fast'  of  ao- 
y  lie  visitml.  Sit- 
"st  anil  th.'  West, 
m  tlifon^ihoiit  the 
tlu'  ]iaft  of  many 
il  \  isitors,  in  aildi- 
s  of  till'  laliil.  and 
ract. 

<  shall  si'ivc  as  a 
not  only  to  all  the 
11  rendei'  liis  visit 
lent  a  general  de- 
leli  will  assist  the 
ions  which  follow, 
leetinj;  it  with  (>n- 
1  tniitedly  are  the 
s  only  '■'i'^  miles  in 
feet.  Lake  ( )ntario 
t  above  sea  level. 
)  to  descend  with 
pids,  second  in  in- 
lie  interest  of  the 
Fiter  in  its  }iliinge 
4  52  feet,  and  the 


NIAIIAIIA    FAM.H. 


10 


.ji;:t:i;;.:^j;t;;:;:Hi:;i;;?:SH:rh!;;:i;*™;:;,;;^ 
:::;;;:ir'si:;;;i, 'ut  :;»y ;:!' .L ....■  n...  a ,.i„„  k,,,,.  .w,, 

will  111-  d\dv  descrilied  in  detail.  _  ,  • 

,,f   its  l«iik».  ..11.1   tliv  lo|i..Bi-.|.l..y  <f  tlie  '»''"''>  ;'''"'-    ,  ,,„.„,,i,., 

,,,„,.  ,ni.„i.i,  ,,,.ioii.ij..it»-;.32-T:t:t;r;l 


AMEKICAX    FALL,    KROM     nEI.OW. 


MAIIAHA    KAl.l.K. 


21 


--«&■' 


**^^ 


W: 


,l,,ir  ,„VM.ut  l....utiu,..  son...  nny  uh  far  .L.vvm  an  tl...  hi-l.  UMtfat   l^rwis- 

t„li.  seven  Hlil.s  iVolll   l.itkr  Ontillio. 

Tl.is  nvrssiun  is  .!...■  t-  tl..-  .uti..n  of  the  water  n|".M  the  sect  .....  .  t 

,1...  ,o.kv  1..-.1  whirl,  hi.v..  s,„r..ssiv..ly  f.ni...Ml  th.'  s.'.«e  ot  th."  eutM.M.t. 

iv'.        Th.-  M.ti....    ..!■   the   spnvy   ..n.l    the    vioie„.-e   ..f    the    .eh.......  ...« 

wat.Ts.  .......Im,..!    IHThiTH   with  ..the,-  .•aMs..s,  w...v    away   the    ...  !.■.■ 

Hhalv  M,l.s..at......  ....til  tl...  ha..h..-  l.Mt  th......'.'  n,.,.e.'  .tn.t..m  .-.mI-      ..> 

ln,.u...-  s,.|.,....t   the  ...assiv..  wi^'i.t  a...l  l-.s.st   tl..-  vei.-.-.  V  ..     tl..-  ^at.-.s 

..."fell  i  .;..  the  el.a.....-l   helow.      This  tl.e..,_y  .s  al.m..la„  i.v  .sMn...r..-.l 

„.,t  ..,.lv  l.V  tl..-  a,.,,.-a,a,u-e  of  the   Falls   an.l   the   .-ha,...-!.  L-      I,     s.-^^ 
,.,,.1  .,eJ...n-...-es  ..t- exa.-tly  this  eha.-a.-t.-.-.        ..  iSl-N  ..u.ss.v.-  »'-«""'^ 
fell  fron.  tl..-  A....-.i.a..  fall.  .....I  i..  l^-'-^  ■-  I'k-  ..n-...-n-...-.- t.K.k  ,.la..-  u 

the   Hoi-sosl.u.-    Fall,  i,.  .-a.-l.  insta...-.-   i..-...l...-in-  a   .-.....-..ss.....    l.k.-   a.. 

*'"*' A'view  ..f  the  Falls   hy  F-.ther  Hel.l.eiiin,  n.a.h-   i..    th.-   V.-a.-    KmS 
„,es.-,.ts  tl..-   f.-.-.tn.-e   ..f    a    .listi...-t    fall   ..n    the  ( 'ana.la  s..le    s.,...ewl.at 
ike  that  ....  th.-  A....-.-K-a,.  si-h-.  ...•  ..ea.-ly  at  ri.ht^  angles  -•''';;;-;; 
f„ll.      This  was  oeeasi.„.e.l   hy  a  ^reat    ..u-k.  svh..-h  .l.v,.le.     th.-  .;-        nt 
„hI  t...-..e.l  a  ,....ti....  of  it  in  that  .lin-etU.n.  an-l   wl,..-l.   has  ..v„l.-..tlv 

sim-e  fall.-...      (S iijjiaviii^' ..n  piiye  ;«i.)       ,      .,  ,.  ,    ,     ,    ,.,. 

lluw  lo,.;r  a  tin.e  w.a.l.l  l.e  .-.,.m-e.l    f.T  th.-  Falls  to  .e.-e.h-  t..  L.k 
Krie.  is  of  e.a..-se  e..njeet,..al.  as  ..o  .lata    ,.f  snllu-,.-...    .el.al.lU     ' 

estahlisl....!    f,o...  which   t.,  u.ake  a  n.l.-..la.  ..-n.      ''"''•;:''•  '\!;,'"      ,,' 

!,V  so,..e  .e..l...ists  that  hiui.e.-  U,.  th.-  v.v.-.-  tl..-  t...mat.....  ..t      he    .  .1  .h 

..f  S....1.  a:-l.a.-;c-t.-,-  as  to  s,.ee.-ssf„lly  .-.-sist  .h.-  t,.,the.   .....-.•..aeh, ...-,. 

the  wat.-.- in  that  .li.v.-tion.  the  l.anl  fo.n.at.....   Im-u.-  ot   ■rf.-at.-.    .LptU 

""''.";;";;:  th..   ......sent  .e...-n.tion    Nia.a.a  Falls  will  .-.-...ai..  a..  .....--t 

of  iii-eat  int.-.est,  an.l  will  .lunl.tl.-ss  .-outinue  to  .v.-.-.v.-,  as  "'     '"   l';'^  j 
tl.e  visits  ..f -n-at  ni..ltit...h-s  .,f  to...-istH.  .-ith.-i-  ..n  a,-.-o....t  ..t  tl..-..  ....I 

atti-aetivt-n.  ss.  «>.-  h.-.-.n.s.-  it  is  the  fasl.i.)... 

With  this  ,enen.l  vi.-w  ..f  tl.e  Falls,  tl.e  .-a.!.-.-  w.ll  he  ,..e,.a.v,    to.- 
the  .h-tails,  wirieh.  take,,   toj.'etl.er.  ,.iake   ^^V  th-  .......,.,-..|..-..s.v.-  who  -  , 

a...lwl.iel.  eonstit.tte  a  visit  to  Nia«a.-a   an  .-v.-nt   .-.-pl.-t.-  w  ,th   last...- 

'""hi^lraets  not  a  littl.-  tV..n.  th.-  .-n.i.;y.n.-nt   of  the  ^^V'-l^^l^-^'^^^l 
that  at  this  ..-sort   the   ...h-ntal   .h-n.a...     f..r   •' l.aeksl.eesh      ,.  -e  a  Is 
the  ,..o.lifie.l  form  of  tolls,  fe..s,  etc.,  ,.n.l  that  tvhat   ,s  h.-,-.-  ''".I"  " 

the  line  of  si^-ht-seeinji  n.ust  ho  pai.l  for.  \ -t  this  is  not  .,  1.  <  n- 
.ler.-.l  at  when  we  consi.U-r  that  the  parties  wl...  "^;;;^/' "  ^'  '  ;  f ' 
«,-o.,n.l  must  thus  re..,,  from  it  a  sustaii.ing  harvest.  W  hat  is  M  - 
matelv  .h-man.le.l  of  tl.o  visitor  i,i  the  way  of  ..Is  an.l  a.  n.i  -  i 
,nav  ho  considere.l  as  a  sine  ,,ua  non,  an.l  sho.ih  not  m  th-  "'^  "  ' 
his  pleasure,  .iS  he  receives  in  such  cases  a  lull  e.,uival.-ut  to,  his 
.-xpeiuUtiire. 


22 


niir.MlO  Tf>   TIIK   HKA. 


•TRICKS  THAT  ARK  |NOT  ALWAYS]   VAIN." 


Mh'IVHc.II..  tllini;,   iM.Wrv.T,   ul.irl,   no  t.,.l,ist     i.    |.|..,Mn.,l    tn    uu-ri 

Villi  rn„i|Mmi.i-...  mimI  whirl,  |h-  will    1  t„  yiiMnl   ..-.liiit  linv    inm,.|v 

»-.vt..m,.n.  or  an  mirvi l-l  „v  .,nr..„s .1..  .l..,,,,,,,,!  fur  in-m.-v  in  ,.mv' 

'""'"  *'"■  '^••'•vi'-«  iM't  .•..iitim fur  unv  sn|.|M..s...|  to  1...  in  H,.'  in.nkH. 


s  v:  ^^'^ 


-a»t^2^ 


Ji,,f-*=S*= 


IIOUSE8IIOE    FALLS    AND    KAIMKS. 

Miieli  1ms  b.-(.n  siiid  im.l  wvitteii  about  tlu;  cxtoi'tions  of  Niagara  Inu-k 
im-n  until  tli.-iy  i.ractitT.s  have  l.econ.o  a  l.ywonl.  In  justicT-  to  some 
of  lR.se  ui.hvidualH  it  shoiil.l  la-  sai.l  tliat  tl,.Me  are  aiuo,,.'  then,  hon- 
oral.  e  men  who  w-il  .lo  l.v  you  just  as  they  a«ree,  au.l  will  make  no 
.■tloit  to  .letrau.l.  It  is  always  safe,  however,  to  make  an  a-ivement 
^^•lth  your  driver  as  to  the  service  he  is  to  render  von.  an.l  just  what 
you  are  to  pay  him  in  return.  When  the  terms  of  vour  contract  are 
met.  mrepf  nojtn-ther  service  without  »,i,fei\^f,ut</hi,/  its  roxt 


VAIN." 

|iii'|iiir('il   tn  ini'i'l 

tiiiiit  lii'if,  iiiiiiH'ly, 

till-  inuiicv  in  |i;iv 

•"'  in  till'  iiiiirkft. 


^ 


■y*!. 


<f'  Niayaiii  Imrk- 
jiistifc  to  SOUR- 
inoii;,'  thciii  hoii- 
ul  will  iiiiikt-  ii(» 
ke  an  agifciueiit 
.1.  aiul  just  what 
iiur  conti'aet  aiv 
ifs  run/. 


MAIIAUA     KAI.I.M. 


X\ 


Till'  iii'i'il  of  tliis  |.r«-cantioii  will  I"-  a|i|Mnviil  from  tlif  following 
fa.'tN,  'I'Ik'  lawful  rat.'  for  fa  living'  a  p.is^'iiufi'  fioiii  oiu-  |M.iiil  to  an 
other  in  the  villap'M  al«)iit  thi'  Kails  ix  ifty  .•.■iitM,  nv  owr  ilollar  from 
\illa«i'  to  \illagi>;  vet  a  ilrivtT  will  fic'|iii'ntly  i>ll<'i'  to  .'airy  a 
|ia>,srimfr  for  ''ti  rrti'fs.  One.'  ill  the  fiiiriaK'-.  Imwi'Vir,  la-  is  muM  to 
MT  this  ami  that  point  of  inti'ivNt.  ami  wiih  tin-  nn'inoiv  of  tin  tfii  fcnt 
oltT  as  a  liasis  for  |.roH|.fcti\f  i\|h'|im'h,  la-  oftm  .  ii'Ms  to  tin'  im|><a 
iMiiitii'H  of  thf  hiickniaii.  until  he  timlH  to  liis  .li-n  i\  that    \\r  has  run 

u|i  a  l.ill.  l.v  thr   l.'i;)il  tariir.  of  from  tin to  fi\.'  .lollais.      Whilf  thr 

hian  is  .haiKin^  him  oulv  what  thf  law  allows  him  to  collri't,  thr  \ir^ 
tiiii  is  ihaj;rini'il  at  tin-  mcthoil  hy  whirh  it  is  rstorti'il  from  him,  ami 
it  rankli'H  as  an  unpl.Msaiit  lufinory  in  his  othcrwisr  pli'asuraMf  vrr 
ollfctioiiM  of  his  visit. 

\V,.  iiavf   I n  thuis  explicit  in  livatini,'  upon  a  suli.ifcl  to  which  iici 

Niaj;ara  Kuidc  hook  we   have  ever  seen  «ivcs  more  than  a  passiiiji  allu 
sioiiTin  onlcr  that    the   tourist  may  know   what  toox|MMt.  ami    how  to 
lufct  it  in  till-  very  outset.      If  you  choose  to  accept  of  a  hackman's  •■  ten 
cent"  otl'er.  he  sure  that   you   take  no  more  than  is  ••iHaiiinatecl  in  tla^ 

lioli.l."  lest  with   tl pouml  of  tlesii  "  there  come  a   drop  of  l.looil   moiv 

costly  than  all  the  rest. 

THE   FIRST   VIEW   OF   THE   FALLS. 

The  approach  to  Nia;;ara,  l>y  the  line  of  the  .Michi;,'aii  Central,  is  hy 
a  route  nearly  parallel  with  the' river,  from  al.ove  on  the  t'aiiaila  shore, 
and  isl.eyond  <|iiestion.  the  hesi  view  to  he  had  from  any  railroad  train 
coiiveviii},'  its  passenjj;ers  neai  the  place.  As  the  train  dr.iws  near  the 
luiiility  ciitaraut,  the  foamin«;  rapiils  ai.ovi-  the  Fails  l.urst  upon  the 
view,  as  if  to  itrepure  the  mind  for  the  exhihiuoii  of  resistU-.ss  power  to 
1..'  revealed  in  the  ;;rand  pluiijie  of  waters  into  th  ■  ahvss  helow. 

'  In  a  few  momeuts  the  train  I'omes  to  a  halt  in  full  view  of  the  Falls. 
with  the  Horseshoe  or  Canada  Fall  in  the  for.'^n'ound.  and  <ioat  Island 
imd  the  Americau  Fall  directly  across  the  river,  with  the  deej)  f,'ur;;e 
hetweeu  through  which  the  river  flu^vs,  spanned  hy  the  new  suspension 
hridtre.  The  picture  thus  presented  is  one  of  surpassiuj,'  hcauty. 
WliiU'  a  nearer  view  will  impress  the  mind  more  conifiletely  with  the 
Kuhlime  iiiajestv  of  the  cataract,  the  comprehensive  <;r(iupin^'  here  pre- 
sented will  linger  in  the  mind  of  a  true  lover  of  the  Iteautiful,  laomi- 
nent  among  the  '•  pictures  that  hang  on  memory's  wall." 

The  througli  pas.sengers,  who  make  no  tarry  at  the  Falls,  ri-main  in 
the  cars  untirthe  train  arrives  at  Suspension  Hriilge.  twij  miles  helow, 
this  arrangement  continuing  for  the  present  season,  until  the  comple- 
tion of  the  new  hridge  now  in  process  of  erection  hy  the  Michigan  ( Vn- 
tral  Comi»any.  When  this  structure  is  com[)leted,  the  trains  will  cross 
the  river  in  full  view  of  the  Falls.  This,  in  addition  to  the  view  now 
oiitained  from  the  train,  will  prove  a  strong  attraction  to  through  trav- 
elers, inducing  them  to  come  hy  this  route.. 


u 


I  : 


■    'I 
i  I 


24 


CIlKAtiO    TO    'I'lIK    SKA. 


NIAGARA    FALLS,   ONTARIO. 

Tliis  villii.'c,  fonm-ilv  known  as  Clifton.  cxt.Muls  along  tlic  Canada 
«hoiv  of  Niajrara  Kivcr.  from  n.-ai-  tli.^  Falls  to  the  lailroaa  siispcnsion 
l)ri.l<'c  Tin-  to.nist  wlio  wishes  to  inspect  tlie  eataiaet  lirst  troni  (lie 
C.na.la  si.l.'.  leav  's  the  tram  at  ^s.a-ara  Falls  station  :  and  should  he 
choose  to  Hud  a  t.'niporaiv  ahidin-  j.laee  on  ti:e  Canada  snle,  he  will 
tind  several  well-ki'iit   hotels,  at  ju^iees  va-ving  atrordmg  to  awonnno- 


i!1 


AMI-.UU.VN     l-.Vl.l.,    A>    s1:i:N    IKOM    (  ANAOA    SIDE. 

dations  desired.  The  largest  and  most  conunodiuus  of  these  is  the 
Ci.li'Tox  iruisK.  whieh  has  been  open  to  th(!  pulilie  for  more  than  forty 
years,  and  has  estahlished  a  reputation  as  h)  all  respects  a  iirst-elass 
hi'ise. 

Tin:  Piiosi'|-.(T  llorsi;  is  almost  on  the  very  verge  ot  the  balls, 
lieiiiiT  l,„.ated  at  Talile  iloek.  an.l  eonuuai'ds  a  tine  view.  The  house 
has  an  e\eellent  reputation,  its  pations  lieing  anion"  the  most  eele- 
hrated  of  the  visitors,  lioth  from  America  and  ahroad. 

The  liiUNswiCK.  located  a  litth'  farther  down  the  hank  than  the 
house  just  mention.-iL— just  far  enough,  the  j.roprietor  claims,  to  he 
free  from  the  amioyauce  of  mist  ami  spiay,  l>ut  suthcieutly  near  to  give 
a  beautiful  pros]H''ct  from  its  windows  and  h^'.honies,— furnishes  a 
pleasant  stopping  place,  less  pretentious  than  sor.ie  of  its  larger  rivals, 
but  with  all  its  iip)ioiutments  complete,  and  well  calculated  to  promote 
the  comfort  of  its  patrons.  It  can  take  good  care  of  lai'ge  or  small 
parties.  an<l  is  indeed  a  desiraldi-  stoi)ping  place  for  tho.se  who  wish  to 
tarry  for  a  sin!,de  day.  or  f  ,:•  a  longer  period,  th-  *-»nns  being  modenito 
and  the  fare  excellent. 


NIAGARA   PALLS. 


25 


0. 

ids  iiloiii;  till'  ('aiiada 
ic  railroiul  siisjiciisiuii 
itiiiiK-t  tirst  from  llm 
iitioii  ;  1111(1  slumld  he. 
( 'iiiiiidii  side,  lie  will 
Lriirdiii^'  ti)  ai'comiiii)- 


)A    SIDE. 

r)diuus  of  tlit'so  is  the 
lie  for  more  than  foity 
11   icsi»'(;ts  a  lirst-idass 

ry  vt'i'go  of  till'  Falls, 
tint'  view.  Tlii'  hoiiso 
anion;'  tlio  most  ri'li'- 
ii'iiad. 

vii  till'  liaiik  than  tlio 
■oprirtor  claims,  to  In' 
uirticii-ntly  nrar  to  i^ive 
Ic'.li onii's,— funiishcs  a 
>nii'  of  its  larger  rivals, 
1  cak'ulatod  to  pionioti,' 
earn  of  larui'  or  small 
for  tlio.sf  who  wisli  to 
i;  *-»nns  l)(;iii"  inodi.'rato 


Other  houses  there  are  on  this  side,  of  which  the  limits  of  this  work 
fo'  hid  even  a  mention.  Indo.-d,  the  provisions  for  the  care  of  tourists 
indicat..  that  for  a  consideral.le  portion  ot  the  year  a  least,  that  con- 
stitutes hv  far  the  largest  husiness  of  the  dwellers  in  the  vicuuty 

The  Canada  shore  can  claim  one  point  over  all  other  localitu  s  in 
the  vicinity  of  the   Falls,  in  being  the  only  place  where  a  good  view  ot 


TABLE    UOCK. 

tlie  catarac.  can  he  had  without  the  payiiumt  of  toll  or  '^'^l^^'l;}''^' ^^ 
The  etfort  nowheing  made  to  create  a  puhlic  park  on  the  Niv  Yoik 
shore,  and  thus  secure  similar  privileges  m  the  "land  ot  the  ...  is 
attracting  much  attention  from  tourists.  Its  results  aie  as  }  t  coii^ 
"tural,t,utsomucli  has  the  value  of  the  property  l-conie  enhanced 
V  1  e  verv  practices  which  this  plan  proposes  to  ahohsh.  it  seems  uo  v 
m,e  a  great  undertaking  to  accomplish  what  a  tew  years  ago  would 
have  been  much  more  easily  brought  about. 

There  are  opportunities,  however,  to  pay  tees  on  the  (.  ai.ida  sidi. 
and  to  receive  an  ei,uivalent  in  return.      A  staircase  leading  to  the    o- 
of  the  Horseshoe  Fall,  permits  a  tine  view  from  below,  and  m  addition 


r^7jKBaBB««. 


26 


CHICAGO   TO   THE   SEA. 


a  visit  to  the  cavernous  recess  under  Talile  Eock  and  Horseshoe  Fall. 
For  the  latter  excursion,  watei -proof  suits  and  the  services  of  a  njuide 
are  necessary,  and  the  ex]jerience  is  one  long  to  be  remembered. 

TABLE   ROCK. 

Tal)le  Kock  itself  is  an  object  of  much  curio.sity.  It  is  an  overhanj^- 
ing  cliH",  extending  along  the  bank  to  the  very  junction  with  the  Horse- 
shoe Fall.  Its  shape  and  dimensions  have  la^en  several  times  changed 
within  the  memory  and  observation  of  the  present  generation,  anil  "the 
oldest  inhabitants  "  remember  it  as  projecting  far  beyond  its  present 
limits.  In  July,  1818,  a  mass  some  thirty  or  forty  feet  wide,  and 
about  one  hundred  and  sixty  feet  in  length,  fell  into  the  bed  of  the 
river.  In  .December,  18l'8,  three  .sections,  comprising  a  very  largo 
portion  of  the  overhanging  clitf,  and  extending  to  the  verge  of  the 
Horseshoe  Fall,  broke  otl"  and  fell  with  a  tei-rible  crash.  In  the  sum- 
mer of  18L'9,  another  large  mass  separated  an<l  fell,  and  in  June,  18r)(), 
still  another,  the  latter  about  (JO  feet  wide  by  !.'()(»  long.  The  prt.'cipice 
still  hangs  far  out  over  the  perpendicular,  and  with  these  losse>-  in 
view,  the  reader  can  readily  imagine  its  appearan.ce  before  the  ac-tion  of 
;he  elements  had  robbed  it  of  so  much  that  made  it  celelirated. 

Several  othei-  oVijects  of  interest  are  to  lie  seen  on  the  Canada  side, 
which  will  be  mentioned  further  on  in  these  pages,  and  we  will  now 
proceed  to  a  description  of  the  principal  objects  of  interest  immediately 
connected  with  the  Falls.  In  crossing  the  river  to  the  American 
shore,  the  visitor  has  a  choice  of  two  methods.  He  may  descend  the 
bank  and  cross  by  the  ferry,  or  may  go  over  the  New  Susjiension 
Bridge.  If  intending  to  return,  he  will  'lo  -'-.ell  to  go  over  by  the 
bridge  and  re-cross  by  the  ferry. 

THE  NEW  SUSPF:NSI0N   BRIDGE. 

This  structure,  although  opened  to  the  public  in  18G9,  is  still  called 
the  new  Viridge,  to  distinguish  it  from  its  elder  Virother,  two  miles 
below.  Previous  to  the  construction  of  the  New  York  ami  Brooklyn 
bridge,  it  was  the  longest  suspension  britlge  in  the  world,  its  roadway 
being  1,:K)0  feet  in  length,  and  its  cables  l,8<it>  feet  long.  It  is  I'JO 
feet  above  the  river,  being  suspended  from  two  towers,  each  l!IO  feet  in 
height.  Access  may  be  had  to  the  interior  of  the  towers,  and  very  tine 
views  aie  obtained  from  their  summits. 

From  the  bridge  itself  a  magnilicent  view  of  the  Falls  may  be  had, 
die  tinest,  in  fact,  to  be  secured  from  any  one  point,  the  entire  line  of 
the  cataract  being  embraced  in  a  single  glance,  and  in  closer  proximity 
than  is  imssible  elsewhere,  except  from  below.  The  view  down  the 
river  is  also  a  fine  one,  comjirising  the  deep  gorge  through  which  the 
stream  flows,  with  its  precipitous  banks  on  either  hand,  and  the  Rail- 
road Suspension  Bridge  in  the  distance. 

The  strength  of  the  new  bridge  is  estimated  by  the  engineers  as 


NlAdAUA    FALLS. 


27 


1(1  Horseshoe  Fall, 
services  of  a  ;;;»iicle 
memhered. 


It  is  an  overlian^- 
)ii  with  the  Horse- 
•rn]  times  changed 
neratioi),  ami  "the 
eyond  its  present 
i-ty  feet  wide,  an<l 
:o  the  Led  of  the 
sing  a  very    largo 

the  verge  of  tin? 
ish.  In  the  sum- 
md  in  June,  1S.")(), 
iig.  The  iirt'cijiice 
ith  these  losses  in 
lefore  the  ac-tion  of 
;elel)rated. 
1  the  Canada  side, 
,  and  we  will  now 
terest  immediately 

to  the  xlmerican 
!  may  descend  the 
>  New  Suspension 
:o  go  over  by  the 


18G0,  is  still  called 
irothei',  two  miles 
ork  anil  Brooklyn 
world,  its  roadway 
long.  It  is  I'JO 
•s,  each  lUO  feet  in 
kvers,  and  very  tine 

Falls  may  he  had, 
,  the  entire  line  of 
in  closer  proximity 
lie  view  down  the 
through  which  the 
md,  and  the  Rail- 

y  the  engineers  as 


thirteen  times  greater  than  sutKcient  to  hear  any  weight  that  can  |X)S- 
silily  lie  placed  upon  it.  The  year  of  its  conipleti<m  it  was  sulijected  to 
the  stnerest  gale  it  lias  ever  had  to  withstand,  and  siifcly  and  success- 
fully "  weatiierecl  the  lilast."  All  fears,  therefore,  as  to  its  security  in 
orilinarv  weiUiier,  are  entirely  groundless. 


VIEW    Of    TUE    FALLS    FKOM    THE    FEUKY. 

Reaching  the  .Ir.ierican  sliore  hy  this  method  of  crossing,  the  first 
point  of  interest  is 

PROSPECT   PARK. 

Depositing  the  fee  of  2.")  cent.s  at  the  toll-gate,  we  aie  soon  within  the 
piivileged  domain.  The  grounds  are  what  were  formerly  known  as  the 
"Ferry  Grove"  and  "Point  View,"  and  jacvious  to  their  im)irovement 
were  free  to  the  public.  The  Company  who  purchased  them,  however, 
have  providt^d  an  almost  endless  variety  of  artiticial  adjuncts  to  render 
the  place  attractive,  and  the  small  fee  exacted  for  admission  is  not, 
therefore,  an  unreasonable  one. 

At  the  verge  of  the  American  Fall,  they  have  constructed  a  solid 
wall  a.t  wliatis  now  called  "Prospect  Point,"  extending  it  all  along  the 
lirink  of  the  precipice,  thus  rendering  secure  from  accident  the  place 
where  the  tinest  view  of  the  Fall  can  be  obtained.  Looking  nj)  the 
stream,  the  foaming  rajiids.  white-cre.sted  and  tuinultuotis.  greet  the 
vision  in  a  continuous  stretch,  until  water  and  sky  seem  to  blend.      In 


\  •' 


"f* 


iiiii'inyiiiiiiiliilSi 


28 


CHICAGO   TO   THE   SEA. 


i  I 


■  ir 


tlie  immediate  foreground  is  the  American  Fall,  its  waters  almost  in 
reach  of  the  outstretched  hand.  Directly  across  tlie  stream  are  Luna 
and  Goat  Islands,  while  sweeping  away  to  the  right  in  a  grand  curve, 
is  the  Hors  ishoe  Fall.  The  Americiin  Fall  is  year  by  year  assuming 
the  horseshoe  form,  by  the  wearing  siway  of  the  cliri"  in  the  center,  the 
indentation  in  the  front  line  of  the  Fall  being  quite  prominently  visible 
from  Prospect  Point,  althoiigh  less  noticeable  from  a  front  view. 

The  visitor  who  may  l)e  disposed  to  carry  away  a  souvenir  of  this 
locality  will  find  a  skillfii!  photographer  in  rea<liness  to  make  j)ictures, 
stereoscopic  or  otherwise,  of  from  one  to  twenty  j)ersons,  with  both  the 
American  and  the  Horseshoe  Fall  as  a  l)ackgi-ound. 

Near  the  Point  is  located  a  bazaar  for  the  sale  of  curiosities,  in 
itself  a  museum  well  worthy  of  a  visit,  whether  to  purchase  be  the  in- 
tention, or  only  to  insjiect  the  artichis  exposed  for  sjile. 

Tlie  Feny  House  is  near  the  center  of  the  Park,  and  is  the  upper 
termijial  station  of  the 

INCLINED   PLANE   RAILWAY. 

A  timnel  has  been  cut  from  the  clifl'  to  the  margin  of  the  river,  at 
an  angle  of  about  thirty  degrees,  and  within  it  is  built  the  railway,  by 
the  side  of  which  is  a  flight  of  stairs,  numbering  2'J()  steps.     The  cars 
are  raised  and  lowered  by  machinery,  operated  by  a  turbine  wheel,  and 
are  so  arranged  that  one  ascends  while  the  ether  descends.     This  rail- 
way has  been  in   successful   operation,  without  a  casualty,  for  nearly 
forty  yeai's.     The  timid,  however,  to  whom  the  descent  appears  peril- 
ous, have  the  choice  of  the  staii'way  for  reaching  the  river,  and  many 
prefer  to  trust  their  own  limbs  in  the  climb,  l)ut  are  generally  glad  to 
iivail  tluiuseives  of  the  car  in  returning.     At  the  foot  of  the  stairs,  a 
commodious  building  has  been  ei'ected,  from  which  a  ^iew  of  the  Falls 
from  below  may  be  had  through  windows  which   protect  the  visitor 
from  the  spray.     A    nearer  view  may  be  obtained  by  donning  a  water- 
jnoof  suit,  for  which  facilities  are  provi<led  in  the  divssing  rooms,  and, 
with  a  trusty  guide,  taking  a  prouu^nade  upon  "  Hurricau"  I'iidge,"  at 
the  very  foot  of  the  American  Fall,  completing  the  trip  by  going  he- 
hind  the  cataract  itself,  which  may  be  done  in  safety,  and  constitutes 
a  novel  experience.     The  cavernous  recess  behind  the  curtain  of  falling 
water  extends  nearly  to  the  center  of  the  Fall,  and  is  tilled  \\  ith  the 
dashing  spr-y  which  i)erpetually  rises  from  the  cauldron    of  waters. 
The  loar  of  the  cataract  echoes  Jind  re-echoes  within  this  chamber,  the 
etl'ect  being  heightened  by  tiie  comjnession  of  the  air;  and  the  combined 
ert'ect  upon  the  senses  as  one  thus  stands  as  it  were  within  the  very 
grasp  of  Nature's  most   powerful  forces,  serves  to  show  the  contrast 
between  janiy  man  and  his  omnipotent  Creator. 

Between  the  foot  of  the  Inclined  Plane  and  the  Canada  shore,  a 
line  of  ferrv  boats  has  been  established,  attbrding  a  safe  and  pleasant 
method  of  transit  between  those  points,  and  a  view  of  the  Falls  from 
the  river  level.     The  best  time  for  this  trip  is  early  m  the  morning  or 


NIAOARA   FALLS. 


29 


ers  til  most  in 
itiin  are  Luna 
I  grand  curve, 
'ear  aHsuming 
he  center,  the 
nently  visible 
t  view. 

iivenir  of  this 
iiake  j)ictures, 
with  both  the 

curiosities,  in 
ise  be  the  in- 

is  the  u}n«'r 


f  the  river,  at 
he  railway,  by 
!ps.  The  cars 
ine  wheel,  and 
Is.  This  rail- 
Ity,  for  nearly 
app'^ars  peril- 
^er,  and  many 
lerally  glad  to 
f  the  stairs,  a 
w  of  the  Falls 
ect  the  visitor 
nning  a  water- 
ng  rooms,  and, 
n-  bridge,"  at 
ip  by  going  he- 
ind  constitutes 
rtain  of  falling 
Hlled  \\  ith  the 
■on  of  waters. 
s  chamber,  tiie 
d  the  combined 
'ithin  the  very 
w  the  contrast 

'anada  shore,  a 
3  and  pleasant 
the  Falls  from 
tlie  morning  or 


an  hour  or  two  before  sunset,  and  the  impressions  made  upon  the  mind 
in  connection  with  it,  will  be  among  the  most  lasting  of  all  the  recollec 

'"' R^^S"  the  Park  by  the  stairway  or  the  car,  as  the  traveler 
nray  £  we  continue  our  e.xamination  of  the  objects  of  interest  to  1^ 
fo  md  within  its  limits.  Its  shady  groves  and  .leasan  -;lks  e,  - 
nants  of  the  natural  forest  improved  by  ^^^  ^K^  \^^ 
deli.'htful  resting  T.laces  or  promenades  ;  an.l  its  Art  (..alleij,  Lonteit 
Hal!  Pi  ion,  aiid  other  provisions  for  entertainment,  serve  o  engage 
t"e  attention  of  the  visitor,  and  make  pleasant  the  hours  that  pass 
while  within  the  Park. 

ELECTRIC  ILLUMINATION. 
One  of  the  most  enjoyable  features  of  the  visit  to  Pvospi-ct  Park  is 
that  Zv  d^lfor  the  hours  of  evening.     The  illumination  ot   the  1  alls 
td    bun    ins  by  the  electric  light  is  a  pleasing  spectacle,  and  we 
wo  C  of  a  tariy  to  see.     The  electricity  for  the  purpose  is  ^  evelq^d 
vTv  one  of  the  largest  sized  dynamo  machines,  kept  in  operation  by  a 
powerful  turbine  wheel,  located  in  the  Ferry  build  ng,  the  -atei--power 
slplied  by  a  canal.     The  brilliant  light  thus  produced  is  conc.ntra    d 
umm  Uie  F'^Hs  and    Rapids,  both  in  clear  white  and  with  prismati^ 
eCs,  Tendering  them  eU  more  beautiful  by  night  than  m  the  lull 

^'°'if  tranc^ement  of  fountains  in  which  the  waters  are  made  to 
assume  a  vaHetV  of  shapes,  with  revolving  wheels  an.l  jets  o  spray, 
Se  X;^  mninLate.l  with  shifting  lights  of  all  ^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
exhibition  amply  rewarding  a  long  journey  to  ^^^^^■^^'^ ^^^^.^ 
fascinated  by  he  everchanging  colors  an.l  gorgeous  eri.^cts,  mo  .>  b  ,  u 
tift  1  than  anv  pyrotechnic  display,  which  it  very  much  resenibles,  only 
'^"hintensitie.! -brilliancy  of  coL.ring,  an.l  more  enduring  in  torni. 

GOAT   ISLAND. 

PassiiK'  out  at  the  gate  of  Prospect  Park,  a  short  walk  brings  us  to 

the  toll  hmis..  of  G.mt  Islan.l,  at  the  end  of  the  bridge  leading  across  to 

te  ^'oup  of  islands  which  divide  the  cataract  into  is    wo  <'-  .^n^^;  « 

mrts      The  largest  of  these  bears  the  above  name,  which  was  guen  to 

Ft  fm.    a  Uivial  circumstance,  illustrating  how  easi  y   a   lucknam..  ..r 

tie ".ctmes  fast^ie.l  "  to  stay  "  with  a  tew  -petitions  even  h.m^^^^^ 

I  1  M.>..,i  tLnri  •!  centnrv  a 'o.  a  Mr,  Jonn  oieuuiciu 

T:^^zrk  ti^^ip^r  :;;.r^ruid,  and  turougn  i^gie.. 

it^tr  su^ere.1  to  remail  uncared  for  .luring  t^™t.i^  ^n^  <h.^ 
from  exposure.     Hence  the  name,  whi.di  adheres  to  it,  in  prettience 
;*«  .iiithnriyed  name  of '■  Iris  Island.  .  ,      ,       ,  i 

'Se    group   comprises,  in  all,  some   seventeen  islands      nj-ui, 
small,  co?ering  about  sixty  acres.     The  property  ^f  "f  ^.«J  V^f.^ 
of  the  late  Judge  Porter,  to  whom  it  was  ce.led  b>  the  fetate  ot  JNew 
York  in  1818.     Its  possession  at  that  time  was  regarded  as  of  little 


80 


CHICAOO   TO   THK    SEA. 


coiistMiuenoc,  and  tlie  attempt  to  put  a  luidj,'!-  across  was  (IcciiumI  fool- 
hardiness  ;  but  it  is  said  tliat  an  otler  of  a  million  and  a  half  dollars 
has  recently  lieen  refused  for  tht^  estate. 

The  first  bridge  was  a  frail  strueMiie,  and  was  soon  carri*  d  awa,'. 
It  was  replaced  i)y  a  stronger  one.  which  stood  from  1818  to  18")(i, 
when  it  was  removed,  and  the  present  elegant  structure  substituted. 
The  foundations  are  luavy  oaken  ciibs,  tilled  with  stone  and  plated 
■with  iron.     The  bridge  itself  is  ol"  iron,  in  four  arches,  each   of  ninety 


OOAT-ISLANl)    BKIUOB. 


i 


m 


feet  span,  making  a  total  length  of  three  hundred  and  sixty  feet.  Its 
width  is  twenty-seven  feet,  comprising  a  double  carriageway,  with  foot- 
way on  eitlier  side.  The  liridge  is  a  favorite  place  from  which  to  view 
the  Rapids,  as  the  waters  near  the  )>recipice  below. 

The  first  island  of  the  group  is  Bath  Island,  which  is  utilized  as  the 
site  of  manufacturing  enteipiise,  a  large  i)aper-mill  occujjying  a  posi- 
tion to  command  some  portion  of  the  splendid  water-power  so  idly 
expending  itself  for  naught.  Crossing  by  a  bridge  of  a  single  span  to 
Goat  Island,  we  iind  ourselves  in  a  spot  wliere  Nature  has  been  com- 
paratively undisturbed.  The  forest  remains  almost  in  its  primeval 
simplicity,  which  fact  renders  this  a  most  charming  and  ix)i)ular  resort. 
Indeed,  a  visit  to  Niagara  would  be  sadly  incom])lete  were  Goat  Island 
and  its  attractions  to  be  omitted. 

Ascending  a  slight  rise  from  the  bridge,  the  road  leads  into  a  shady 
forest,  and  branches  in  three  directions.  The  best  method  of  visiting 
the  points  of  interest  is  to  first  turn  to  the  right,  and  follow  the  road 
or  path  to  the  foot  of  the  Island,  emerging  from  the  forest  near  the 
stairway  and  bridge  leading  to 


li 


NIAtlAKA    FALLS. 


31 


is  (k't'iiu'd   fool- 
a  half  (l(>l!ars 

i  carri*  il  awa,'. 
I  LSI  8  to  1S."»(), 
ire  Hiilistittitecl. 
une  ami  plated 
each   of  ninety 


sixty  feet.  Its 
way,  witli  foot- 
1  which  to  view 

i  utilized  as  the 
icujjving  a  posi- 
•-power  so  idly 
I  single  span  to 

has  been  com- 
n  its  primeval 

ix)i)ular  resort, 
ere  Goat  Island 

ds  into  a  shady 
hod  of  visiting 
follow  tlie  road 
forest  near  the 


LUNA  ISLAND. 
Tliis  small  l.ut  pleasant  little  islet  divides  the  American  Fall  into 
two  sections,  the  stream  over  which  we  cross  from  (loat  Island  c.Misti- 
t<,  in-'  what  is  knov>-n  as  the  Center  Fall,  I.eneath  which  is  the  (a  ve  ot 
the  Winds.  The  island  lies  low,  and  tlu^  visit.n-  may  touch  th.-  water 
with  the  hand.  The  verg(^  was  formerly  unguarded,  hut  an  iron  railing 
now  prevents  a  repetiti.m  of  the  melancholy  "mdent  that  occM.nvd 
here  on  the  -Jlst  of  June,  \f<V.\  when  the  family  ot  Mr.  Defor.'st,  of  Hut- 
f.-lo,  incompanv  witii  a  friend,  Mr.  Charles  Ad.lington,  were  visiting  llu' 
scene.  The  latter,  plavfully  catching  up  Annette,  the  little  daughter 
of  Mr.  Deforest,  said,  •'  I  am  going  to  throw  you  in.  With  a  su.ldeii 
impulse,  the  child  sprang  from  his  arms  into  the  water.  Hornhed  at 
the  result  of  his  pleasantry,  Mr.  A.ldington  sprang  aft.n-  her.  and  both 
were  imme,liatelv  carried  over  the  Falls.  The  mangled  ivma.ns  o  he 
child  w.-re  recovered  the  same  day,  in  the  Cave  ot  the  Winds,  and  the 
l,odv  of  the  unfortunate  young  man  a  few  days  later. 

Keturning  to  Goat  Island,  a  short  walk  l.nngs  us  to  the  building 
used  as  the  dressing-room  in  which  to  prepare  for  a  visit  to  the 

"CAVE  OF  THE  WINDS." 

This  trip  is  ma.le  bv  la.lies  as  well  as  gentlemen,  water-proof  suits 
beincr  provided  for  a^iv  who  wish  to  explore  tl«'  famous  cavern,  and 
experienced  guides  are  in  rea<liness  to  accompany  the  visitor,  llie 
descent  to  the  foot  of  the  clitf  is  here  made  without  the  aul  ot  machin- 
ery, by  means  of  a  spiral  staircase  known  as 

"BIDDLE'S   STAIRS." 

This  structure  takes  its  name  from  the  Hon.  Nicholas  Biddle,  the 
well-known  president  of  the  United  States  Bank,  at  whose  expense  the 
enterprise  of  building  it  was  cairied  out  in  1829.  The  bank  at  this 
place  is  IH.-i  feet  high.  Part  of  this  descent  is  accomplished  by  an 
open  s;iirway,  of  onlinary  inclination,  and  the  remainder  by  tlie  per- 
pendicular siiaft  or  tower,  which  is  80  feet  high,  the  whole  comprising 

'  From" the  foot  of  the  tower,  a  pathway  to  the  right,  under  the 
shadow  of  the  overhanging  clitf,  leads  to  the  Center  Fall,  which  consti- 
tutes the  aquoous  curtain  of  "  Lotus'  Cavern.'  A  secure  stairway 
leads  to  the  entrance  of  the  Cave,  and  the  visitor  passes  under  the 
Fall,  into  the  stormy  recess  made  in  the  solid  rock.  The  Cavern  ce- 
rives  its  name  from  the  i)eculiar  atmosiiheric  eliects  produced  tiy  the 
action  of  the  falling  water,  the  compression  of  the  air  establislung  a 
perpetual  tempest,' like  that  in  which  ^olus,  the  god  ot  the  wind,  is 

said  to  dwell.  ,,„,.,  i  -i.        ■  *. 

The  Cave  is  100  feet  higli  bv  100  deep  and  ICO  long,  and  its  exist- 
ence is  due  to  the  action  of  the 'waters  upon  the  shale,  leaving  the  more 
solid  limestone  rock  overhanging. 


I 


NlAdAHA    FALLS. 


:{;{ 


As  on.,  of  tlu-    n.anv  nowl  ..x,H-nnu-.'H  to  ».e  i..H  u.  u  v.Hit    t 
Niaiua     iH    trip   throUKh   tl.is   Cuv.   will   l-.v.-  a  lasting  nni.n'ss.oM 
u,    n      .'•       ■...■•     Tb.  H..nsatio„s  which  win.l  an.l  stor.n  w.ll  always 
:     .V  a   ■  I      ■  int,.nsitie.l   hy  th.  nov.-hj^.f  th.  sunouml,M,s  an.1 
h        ali     tion  oftl...  fact  that  th.  fom-s  ot  Nature  an-  |«TlH-tuallv    u- 
on/,  li  hi  «     .T..  what  tlu.v  oaasiouully  i.ro.luco    n  the  o.iter  wor M. 
a!  ;     o  S  the  s,iee  of  personal  risk,  .vally  less  th.n.  .t  s..n.s    to   he. 
,„.l  the  reeollections  of  the  <.eeasiou  w.ll  he  v.vi.l  an  1  •■">"«;.  ;„ 
Kron.  the  foot  of  the  stairway,  another  ,.ath   lea.ls   <       '''      '^'  '      '. 
fVont,  an.l  still  a,...th.-r  towar.l  th.-  Cana.l-Mn  ov  H'>«'«''f.  "'■*'''',.,  ,', 
,t..    isl.ut   litth- ns...l.  a...l    is   n..t   k.-pt   m   go'"l/-"'>^^  ""•,?;  "^.j 
seatlohlin.'    KMl    f.'et    1.1^1..   er.rt...l    near    th.-  .stairway  in   l^--  ^ 
P  t  i       ul.'  his  fanious  lea,,  into  the  riv.-r.  suec-sslully  aecon.l.l.slm.^' 
.VieatVu'e  .v,'.titi..n  ..f  .hich  at  Uenes«ee  Falls,  shortly  alter,  cost  huu 

'"  Keturnin«  to  the  hank  ahov..,  an.l  continuing  the  walk   along  th.> 
l.rink,  the  next  intere»th»g  point  ot  ol.s.-rvation  is 

TERRAPIN   BRIDGE   AND   ROCK. 

\  stiii-wav  lea.ls  .h.wn  t..  the  I'.ri.l-e.  which  crosses  over  to  th.j 
K.,ck  ^^  rS  lorty  years  th.-  w.-ll-known  Terra,in  Tower  consti  n U^ 
,  l.n.ln.ark  t..  l,.- se.-n  from  all  .Un,.cti..ns,  stan.in.g  as  it  .  i.l   at  tli' 

t^v..,.n  two  rocks  wh.'U  he  was  .Uscov.m-.mI  hy  some  ot  the  citizens.  wm> 
::  .n  ."t^ift.  Unes.  wMcI.  he  sncc-e.le.l  in  i^.stenuig  .u-oun.  h. 
1,.;;;;.  H-  was  cani.-!  t..  a  hot.-l.  an.l  remame.l  sp.-..cliless  toi  s.-v.  lal 
hours,  so  great  was  th.;  sh...-k  to  his  nervmis  system. 

THE  CANADIAN  OR   HORSESHOE  FALL, 

\.  hich  is  h.-re  seen  to  the  best  a.l vantage,  is  about  144  ro.ls  ^''-^^;l 
158  eet  high.  The  .l.-pth  ..f  tlu-  wat.-r  in  th.^  center  is  estmiate  I  at  0 
feet  An^KiK-riment  t..  .l.-monstrate  the  -lepth  was  made  in  l.^--. 
^•un^Jhy  v..sse.,  ..rawing  IS  l.et  ^^^^^^  J^^^^t^ 
to  more  than   -JO  feet,  was  sent  over  the  Falls,  an.l  cle.utd  tht  ieclge 

"^'S  n^;;;^'"  Horseshoe  •'  is  har.lly  true  t.,  the  present  shape,  winch 
is  now  inoe  nearly  rectangular.  The  horseshoe  curve  has  been  maim 
bvthlwuL  of  portions  of  the  cliflf  at  various  times,  until  its  onginal 
sUt'tn  las  nea  y  aeparte.l.  The  precipice  near  the  Terrapin  Tower 
hrsutierel;  loss  from  tins  cause,  until  it  was  legardecl  as  unsafe  to 
continue  the  use  of  the  Tower,  an.,  it  was  removed  in  1  b  -  .5. 


rr 


84 


CIIICAOO   TO   TIIK   SKA. 


Along  tilt'  south  sliorc  of  thf  isluiitl,  tlii'  walk  or  ilrivc  towaril  tiic 
enst  ktwpH  in  vii-w  tin-  lupMs,  and  Icails  ns  m-xt  to  tin-  group  known  iw 
tlie 

THREE  SISTER   ISLANDS. 

Tiiosc  an'  (•onnfctcd  with  (ioat  Island  and  with  one  another  hy 
three  handsome  l)ridges.  atl'ording  a  niagniticent  view  of  the  Hapiils, 
the  liest,  in  fact,  to  lie  had  from  any  jioint  of  ol^'ervation.  The  Heeno 
proHented  from  the  outer  island,  as  you  gaze  up  the  river,  u|)on   the 


TERRAPIN  TOWER.— REMOVED  IN  \»i:i 

vast  expanse  of  foaming,  turbulent  water,  seemingly  thi-eatening  to 
overwhelm  you  and  the  grouml  on  which  you  stand,  ami  yet  dividing 
as  it  passes  yon,  or  abatiiig  its  fury  as  it  reaches  the  shore  at  your  feet, 
is  one  to  fill  the  soul  with  admiration  and  awe,  as,  i>erha])s,  no  other 
view  can  do.  The  outlook  from  the  bridges  also  awakens  jmculiar 
emotions.  Standing  only  a  few  feet  above  the  rapidly  coursing  torrent 
as  it  passes  beneath  you,  the  thought  comes  to  the  mind  that  here  at 
least,  "  there  is  but  a  step  betwixt  time  and  eternity."  The  fascina- 
tion increases  as  Ihe  gaze  is  prolonged,  and  the  mind  which  cannot  be 


NIAllAKA    KAI.l.H. 


85 


•»'  towarti  tlio 
'oiip  known  iiH 


ic  iinotlicr   l)y 

•t'   tin-    l{u](illM, 
III.        Tlu'  Hfl'IH' 

ivfi',  ii|M)n   till' 


tlii'cateniug  to 
1  yet  dividing 
•e  at  your  feet, 
•lia])s,  no  other 
likens  jieculiar 
aursing  torrent 
that  here  at 
The  fascinii- 
lich  cannot  be 


inipiessed  with  tlie  HllMiniitV  of  the  HC.-hf,  nuiHt  U:  like  the  hi.iiI  devoid 
of  iiiiiMic,  "  tit  fur  treason.  Htriitageni.  iind  MpoiN.  " 

At  the  heiiil  of  (Joiit  Island,  a  little  farther  ii|>  the  liver,  the  view 
is  .|iiite  expansiv.'.  (■oniniaiiding  l»>tli  l.aiiks  of  the  stream,  and  the 
islands  in  the  dmniiel.  neginninK  '<t  the  right,  the  site  ..f  K<.il  S.IiIoh- 
Mer  iH  seen  alioiit  a  niih'  away,  niarkid  hy  a  small  white  l.nilding  and  a 
very  large  chimmv.  The  liaiiie  is  ass.Miate.l  with  I'onl.T  hisloiy.  the 
foit"  having  l.eeii  l.iiilt  l.y  the  Freiieh,  afterward  eeded  to  the  Kiiglish. 
and  oiriii.ied  as  a  militaVy  station  l.y  Ciiptain  Sehh.sser.  from  whom  its 
later  name  was  derived,  ilie  Fivnch  having  given  it  the  title  of  l-ittle 

Fort. 

NAVY    ISLAND. 

Lying  in  the  ehannel  which  sweeps  anaind  tiraiid  Island  on  the  Canada 
side,  has  an  area  of  over  three  Inimlied  aeres.  and  is  assoehited  with 
Fort  Sehlosser  in  the  annals  of  l.onler  history,  lia\iiii;  heen  made  the 
re,»/>'.ronM  of  the  ••  Patriots  "  in  the  "  Uel.ellion  "  of  \M7.  under  the 
leader.shii)  of  MeKeiizie.  who.  with  ahoiit  twenty-live  or  thiriy  tolhw- 
«.rs.  l.ecame  disall'eeted  with  the  ( 'aiiadiaii  aiitliorit ies.  and  planle<l  their 
stamlard  here  as  a  rallying-point.  The  Amerieaii  steamer  Caroline,  a 
small  hoat  supposed  tol.e  in  the  service  of  the  ••  iieliels.y  was  charteit'd 
to  run  hetween  the  islands  and  the  American  shore.  Friday.  !>.■(.  L",l, 
is:{7.  she  entered  iijioii  her  work  of  "ferriage."  and  after  a  protital.le 
day's  work  was  moved  to  the  wharf  at  Schlosser's  Landing.     The  same 

night,  a  (h-tnohment  of  British  soldiers,  under  «• mand  of  ('apt.  Drew, 

seized  her.  set  her  on  tire,  and  the  little  steamer  went  down  the  stream 
in  Haines,  and  plunged  over  the  Canadian  Fall.  The  crew,  and  some 
of  the  "  imtriots  "  who  were  on  hoard,  escaped  to  tlie  shore,  with  the 
exception  of  on.' man,  Durfee.  who  was  killed  l.y  a  pistol  shot  in  at- 
tempting to  escajje. 

GRAND  ISLAND, 

The  largest  in  the  Kiver  Niagara,  is  twelve  miles  in  length,  its  hreadth 
varying  from  two  to  seven  miles.  Its  soil,  unlike  that  of  the  islands 
nearer"the  cataract,  is  very  fertile,  and  much  of  it  is  under  cultivation. 
Its  historic  annals  are  ie.ss  interesting  than  those  just  mentioned, 
although  one  enteriirise  has  a  monumental  reminder,  still  in  a  good 
state  of  preservation.  A  gentleman  wlio  in  the  current  vernacular  of 
to-day  would  doubtless  be  entitled  a  "  crank,"  conceived  the  jnoject  of 
making  this  ishin<l  a  place  of  refuge  for  the  scattered  tribes  of  Israel. 
In  l^'2.'j  he  laiil  the  comer-stone  of  the  "  City  of  Ararat,"  and  erected 
a  monument,  with  imposing  ceremonif  .s.  The  latter  still  serves  to  re- 
mind the  visitor  that  "cranks"  are  not  original  with  the  preser.t 
generation. 

At  the  foot  of  »rand  Island  is  a  smaller  one,  of  about  tinee  hun- 
dred acres,  called  Buckhorn  I.sland.  The  channel  between  them  is 
called  "  Burnt  Ship  Bay,"  from  the  destruction  of  two  armed  supply 


86 


CHICAdO  Tn  TIIK   MEA. 


vcsmi'Ih  liy  tlit>  Firnch  gurriHoii  ivt  ScIiIohmjt,  tit'iir  tlu'  chmt-  nf  tin-  Kri'iirli 
Will' ol"  1  "')'.•,  to  jui-vi'iit  tlu'ir  iic(|iiisition  l>y  tin-  KiiuHhIi.  'I'lioy  w»>r« 
linni^lit  til  tills  liny,  iiml  h>'\  on  lirt>,  ami  tli<-  cit'ciiiiiHtiitifi'  is  tliiis  i-oiii- 
iiK'Hioriiti'il  iiy  tlii'  iiiiiim-  of'tlit'  luiy. 

('iirin'i''s  IsImiiiI,  ( iiil  Ci'cfk  Isiiiiiil  miiiI  (iriiss  Isluiiil.  nil  i)t'  tlii'iu 
Niiiiill,  li<'  lu'iir  tin*  AiiicririiM  sluni',  uinl  mi'  iiiiiiDrtiint,  fumiiii'ivmlly  or 
liistoi'iciillV' 


1    \t\\ 
'III' 

m 


%, 


FATUEK    IIEXNEI'IX  »    SKETCH    O,  ^;    FAl.I.S. 

Tilt'  first  white  man  who  saw  the  Falls,  of  whom  wo  have  any  nc- 
fount,  was  Fathi'r  H('nne|iin.  the  noteil  cxidorer.  We  pfesent  aliove 
a  J'lic-iiluiili'  of  the  sketch  made  liy  him,  re|>i'esentiii^'  the  Falls  as  they 
were  2lMl  yeai's  ago.  Wi-  also  give  his  extravagant  desei-ijition,  |in^ 
serving  the  oi'tliography  ami  the  ijiiaint  style  in  which  it  was  written; — 

"  Betwixt  the  Lake  Ontario  and  Erie,  there  is  a  vaft  and  prodig- 
ious Cadence  of  Water  which  falls  down  after  a  furprizing  and  afton- 
ifhing  manner,  infomuch  that  the  Univerfe  does  not  afford  its 
Parallel.  'Tis  true,  Italy  and  Sueiielaiui  hoaft  of  fome  fuch  Things; 
but  we  may  well  fay  they  are  but  forry  Patierns,  when  compar'il  to 
this  of  which  we  now  fpeak.  At  the  fool  of  this  horrible  Precipice, 
we  meet  with  the  River  Niagara,  which  is  not  above  a  quarter  of  a 
League  broad,  but  is  wonderfully  deep  in  fome  place;..  It  is  fo  rapid 
above  this  Defcent,   that  it  violently  hurries  down  the  wild   Beafts 


-ife. 


NIAUAKA    KAM.H. 


87 


lose  (if  tlic  Krcllfll 
kHmIi.  TIii'V  wcri' 
tittifo  in  tliiiM  I'oiii- 

iliiiiil,  III!  lit'  till-Ill 
t,  u'omiiinviiiHv  or 


wo  liii\e  any  nc- 
Vf  prt'sfiit   aliovo 
;  tilt!  Fulls  us  tlit-y 
;   (lesci-ijitioii,  pro- 
it  Wits  written : — 

vaft  and  prodig- 
irizing  and  afton- 
s  not  afford  its 
)ine  fiich  Things ; 
len  compar'd  to 
jrrible  Precipice. 
/e  a  quarter  of  a 
Bl..  It  is  fo  rapid 
I  the  wild   Beafts 


while  endeavoring  to  pafs  it  to  feed  on  the  other  fide,  they  not  being 
a!)le  to  withftand  the  force  of  iis  Current,  which  inevitably  cafts  them 
headlong  above  Six  hundreil  foot  high. 

"This  wonderful  Downfal  is  con, pounded  of  two  great  ("rois- 
ftreanis  of  Water,  and  two  Kails,  with  m  Ific  Hoping  along  the  ini<ldle 
of  it.  The  Waters  which  fall  from  this  horrible  i'rc<  ipice,  do  foam 
and  boyl  after  the  moft  hideous  manner  imaginable,  making  an  out- 
rageous  Noife,  more  terrible  than  tiiat  ol"  'I'hunder ;  for  when  the 
Wind  blows  out  of  the  South,  their  difmal  roaring  may  be  heard  more 
than  Fifteen  Leagues  off. 

"  The  River  .\'/(;i,'</'</  having  thrown  it  lelf  down  this  incredd)le 
I'recejiice,  continues  its  impetuous  (ourfe  for  two  Leagues  together,  to 
the  great  Rock  aiiove-mention'd,  with  an  inexi)reflible  rajjidity  :  iSut 
having  paft  that,  it^  impetuofity  relents,  gli<liug  along  more  gently  for 
other  two  Leagues,  till  it  arrive  at  the  Lake  Ontario  or  Frontcnac. 

"  Any  Hark  or  greater  Veffel  may  pals  from  the  Fort  to  the  foot  of 
this  hugo  Rock  abr'-'e-mention'il.  This  Ro(  k  lies  to  the  Weftward, 
and  is  cut  off  from  the  Land  by  the  River  Auij^'uni,  about  two  Leagues 
farther  down  than  the  great  Fall;  for  which  two  Leagues  the  People 
are  oblig'd  to  tranfport  their  Goods  overland  ;  but  the  way  is  very 
good  ;  and  the  Trees  are  but  few,  chiefly  Lirrs  and  Oaks. 

"  From  the  great  Fall  unto  this  Rock  which  is  to  the  Weft  of  the 
River,  the  two  Brinks  of  it  are  fo  prodigious  high,  that  it  would  make 
one  tremble  to  look  fteadily  upon  the  Water,  roUiug  along  with  a 
rapidity  not  to  be  imagin'd.  Were  it  not  for  this  vaft  Cataract, 
which  'interrupts  Navigation,  they  might  fail  with  Barks  or  greater 
VefTels,  more  than  Four  hundred  and  fifty  Leagues,  crolVmg  the  Lake 
of  //i/rons,  and  reaching  even  to  the  farther  end  of  the  Lake  Illinois; 
which  two  Lakes  we  may  eafdy  fay  are  little  Seas  of  frefh  Water." 

RETROCESSION   OF  THE   FALLS. 

The  following  extnuts  fioiii  an  iirtiele  written  liy  Piof.  Tyiidall  will 
lie  of  iiitefest  ill  this  eoiiiifetiun  : — 

"The  fact  that  in  historic  times,  even  within  the  nieinory  of  man, 
the  Fall  lias  sensibly  receded,  proiupts  the  (piestiini,  How  far  lias  tins 
reecHsion  gone  (  At  what  point  did  the  ledgi- wliieli  thus  eoiitiiiually 
creeps  backward  begin  its  retrograde  eoursi-  (  To  minds  disciplined  in 
such  researches  the  answer  has  been  and  will  be,  At  the  precipitous  de- 
elivitv  which  crosses  the  Niag.ira  from  Lewiston  on  the  American  to 
Queeiiston  on  the  Ciumdiaii  side.  Over  this  traverse  harrier  the 
iitHueiits  of  all  upper  lakes  once  poured  their  waters,  and  here  the 
work  of  erosion  began.  The  dam,  moreover,  was  demcnstiably  of 
sullieient  height  to  cause  the  river  above  it  to  submerge  'Joat  Island, 
and  this  would  perfectly  account  for  tlie  finding  by  Mr.  Hall,  Sir 
Charles  Lycll,  and  others,  in  the  sand  and  gravel  of  the  island,  the 
same  fluviatile  shells  as  are  now  found  in  the  Niagara  River  higher  up. 


nr 

\  'I'll' 

]  III' I 


38 


CHICAGO   TO   THE    SEA. 


It  would  also  account  for  those  denowits  along  the  sides  of  the  river, 
the  discovery  of  which  enabled  l-yell,  Hall,  and  Ramsay  to  rtMuce  to 
demonstration  the  popular  belief  that  tlie  Niagara  once  flowed  through 
a  shallow  valley. 

"  The  physics  of  the  problem  of  excavation,  which  1  made  clear  to 
my  mind  before  quitting  Niagara,  are  revealed  by  a  clo.i(  ins^ieetiou 
of  the  present  Horseslioe  Fall.  Here  we  .see  evidently  that  the  great- 
est weight  of  water  Ijends  over  the  very  apex  of  the  Horseshoe.  In  a 
passage  in  liis  excellent  chapter  on  Niagara  Falls,  Mr.  Hall  alludes  to 
this  fact.  Here  we  have  the  most  copious  and  tht^  mos-t  violent  whirl- 
ing of  the  shattered  liquid ;  here  the  most  i)Owerf(d  eddies  recoil 
against  the  shale.  From  this  portion  of  the  Fall,  indeed,  the  spray 
sometimes  rises  without  solution  of  continviity  to  the  region  of  clouds, 
becoming  gradi.iilly  niore  attenuated,  and  j)assing  finally  through  the 
condition  of  true  cloud  into  invisible  vapor,  which  is  sometimes  re-pre- 
cipitated hipdier  up.  All  the  phenomena  point  distinctly  to  the  center 
of  the  river  as  the  |>lace  of  the  greatest  mechanical  energy,  and  from 
the  center  the  vigor  of  the  Fall  gradually  dies  away  toward  tlie  sides. 
The  horseshoe  form,  with  the  concavity  facing  downward,  is  an  obvious^ 
and  necessary  conse(|uence  of  this  action.  Right  along  the  middle  of 
the  river  the  ai)ex  of  the  curve  pushes  its  way  backward,  cutting  along 
the  center  a  deep  and  comparatively  narrow  groove,  and  draining  fhe 
sides  as  it  passes  them.  Hence  the  remarkable  discrepancy  between 
the  widths  of  the  Niagara  above  and  below  the  Horseshoe.  All  along 
its  course,  from  Lewiston  Heights  to  the  present  position,  the  form  of 
the  Fall  was  probably  that  of  a  horseshoe ;  for  this  is  merely  the  ex- 
pression of  the  greater  dei)th,  and  consecpiently  gre.-.ter  excavating 
power,  of  the  center  of  the  river.  The  gorge,  moreover,  varies  in 
width  as  the  depth  of  the  center  of  the  ancient  river  varied,  being  nar- 
rowest where  that  depth  was  greatest. 

"The  vast  comparative  erosive  energy  of  the  Horseshoe  Fall  comes 
strikingly  into  view  when  it  and  the  American  Fall  are  compared  to- 
gether. The  American  branch  of  the  ni)per  river  is  cut  at  a  riglit 
angle  by  the  gorge  of  the  Niagara.  Here  the  Hors»shoe  Fall  was  the 
real  excavator.  It  cut  the  rock,  and  formed  the  '  recipice  over  which 
the  American  Fall  tumbles.  But  since  its  formation  the  erosive  action 
of  the  American  Fall  has  been  almost  nil,  while  the  Horseshoe  has  c\it 
its  way  for  five  hundred  yards  across  the  end  of  Goat  Island,  and  is 
now  doubling  back  to  excavate  a  channel  parallel  to  the  length  of  the 
island.  This  point,  I  have  just  learned,  has  not  escaj^d  the  acute  ob- 
servation of  Prof.  Ramsay.  Tlie  river  bends ;  the  Horseshoe  imme- 
diately accommodates  itself  to  the  bending,  and  will  follow  implicitly 
the  direction  of  the  deepest  water  in  the  upper  stream.  The  flexibility 
of  the  gorge,  if  I  may  use  the  term,  is  determined  Vjy  the  flexibility  of 
the  river  channel  above  it.  Were  the  Niagara  above  the  Fall  sinuous, 
the  gorge  would  immediately  follow  its  sinuosities.  Once  suggested, 
no  doubt  geogiliphers  will  be  able  to  point  out  many  examples  of  this 


fsiiles  of  tlie  river, 
misuy  to  reuuee  to 
nee  flowod  through 

ieh  I  made  clear  to 
a  clo.if,  iiis[ieetiou 
tly  that  the  great- 
Horseshoe.  In  a 
^Ir.  Hall  alludes  to 
uiOi-t  violent  whirl- 
M'{n\  eddies  recoil 
indeed,  the  spray 
)e  region  of  clouds, 
Hnally  through  the 
H  sometimes  re-pre- 
inctly  to  the  center 
energy,  and  from 
y  toward  the  sides, 
ward,  is  an  obvious 
long  the  middle  o( 
,vard,  cutting  along 
?,  and  draining  t^he 
iscrepancy  between 
rseshoe.  All  along 
osition,  the  form  of 
s  is  merely  the  ex- 
gre;  .ter  excavating 
aoi-eover,  varies  in 
ir  varied,  being  nar- 

orseshoe  Fall  comes 
11  are  compared  to- 
ir  is  cut  at  a  riglit 
•s"shoe  Fall  was  the 
lecipice  over  which 
m  the  erosive  action 
e  Horseshoe  has  oit 
Goat  Island,  and  is 
to  the  length  of  the 
scajMjd  the  acute  ob- 
le  Horseshoe  imme- 
'ill  follow  implicitly 
am.  The  flexibility 
by  the  flexibility  of 
>ve  the  Fall  sinuous, 
is.  Once  suggested, 
iny  examples  of  this 


'in 
NIAdAUA    KAl.l.S. 

Tl.f.  /..nbesi  is  thou«ht  to  present  a   great  ditticulty  to  the 

r^i  e„;,ll.  ...  to'  ,,r..lkt  .!.«  ».„■».  to  be  ,„.»,»!  by  the  ..».<...  ... 

"'"  '  Rur„ot  »..lv  has  tl..-  Ni»g«.-..  Kive.-  ".t  the  go.ge-it  ha.  o.r.He.l 

the  '^^";";- f  j;       '"^^J„     L'  to  the  Admiralty  Chart,  is    180  feet; 
Queenston,  Uu;  ueptn,  .sLcuiuiUp,  .     ^^ 

well  within  the  gorge,  it  is  V.Vl  feet. 

SUSPENSION    BRIDGE. 
Two  miles  below  the  Falls,  the  river  is  spanned  by  the  structure  so 
widlrJo  vn  by  the  above  name.     The  banks  are  hei-e  very  pi-ecnp^ 

li  inte!-est  to  those  of  our  readers  who  revel  in  hgures :- 

Length  of  span  from  center  to  center  of  towers     -  — 

Height  of  tower  above  rock  on  the  American  side -^  ,, 

,.*=  a  »         "  "       Canada  side "^  _^ 

"      floor  of  railway _^^j;J  ^, 

"  track  above  water. .- -  "  ^  ,, 

Number  of  wire  cables jqI  Jj^^ 

Diameter  of  each  cable ,■ "    'I'l ^  659' 

Number  of  No.  9  wires  in  each  cab  e ^^'         ^^^^^_ 

Ultimate  aggi-egate  strength  ot  cal.les  .  -  - ^^^    ^, 

Weiifht  of  superstructure -  -  - ,  .,.q    „ 

and  maximum  loads i^,--''^    ^ 

Maximum  weight  the  cable  and  stays  will  support « ,•>"  J 

The  bridge  is  a  "two-story"  artair,  the  upper  l«rt  berng  used  for 
the  railwav,  and  the  lower  for  carriages  an.l  foot  passeugeis. 


I 


^ 

l^^ 

Iv 


NMAOAKA    KALI.: 


41 


WHIRLPOOL   RAPIDS. 

The  nanowiu«  of  iIh-  d,ann..l  in  tlu-  vicinity  of  tl...  Sns,K.nsion 
BricW  Ztlv  ..celerates  tlu-  cur.vnt,  an.l  the  t.enu.n.l.ms  foree  wUh 
wh  ch  iM-ushes  through  the  «ur^'e  tVon.  this  ,.omt  to  the  "  W»'!''  'T  l, 
rhrowH  the  water  into  violent  eomn.oti..n.  When  it  xs  consu  ere.l  h  t 
the  .alcuhitea  weight  of  tlie  water  that  ,.asses  over  the  *  "U^-' y'.' > 
hmu-  M«<>0.n(lT»  tons,  and  that  this  vohnne  of  water  must  hn.l  its 

t  V  t^vongi.  a  channel  only  alK.nt  ...0  feet  wide,  the  ternhc  foij.  w . t h 
which  it  rnshes  along  n.ay  he  at  least  partially  un.lerstoo.l.     Alth..ugh 


WIIIRl.l'OOI.    AN1>    UAIMDS. 

the  depth  of  the  stream  is  here  estimate.]  at  125(.  feet,  the  fmre  of  th.^ 
current  is  such  as  to  c/ecafe  the  water  from  ten  to  lorty  feet  ahove  .ts 

"''"f  lir  Whirlpool,  the  river  takes  a  sharp  turn  abm.st  at  a  right 
,„....  circling  aroui.l  in  the  cauldron  which  it  seems  to  have  excavated 
S;  tse  f,  anil  t^aiallv  making  its  exit  through  a  narrow  gorge,  the  vast 
bodv  of  water  no  doubt  passhig  out  far  below  the  surtace,  n.  a  channel 

"'^T^'^S;'!  may  be  seen  to  advan.^e  ft^m  either  tl.  Canadian 
or  the  American  side.  At  the  latter,  the  approach  is  through  the 
Grounds  of  l)e  Veaux  College,  the  fee  for  admission  going  to  the  funds 
o  e  nstitution.  On  the  Canada  side,  extensive  preparations  have 
bin  niade  fllr  the  accommodation  of  visitors  by  the  Whiuu-oo,.  Ka.mi.s 

^"t  H^'r:!^.!;  walk  has  been  constructed,  partially  by  excavation 
fronVt;^  side  of  the  clitf,  and  a  delightful  park  on  the  bank  o  the 
river,  with  plentv  of  trees  and  shrubbery,  renders  a  promenade  on  this 


iT"^ 


1^:'" 


42  nilCACin   TO   THK    SKA. 

short'  very  itttiiK-tive.  An  inclined  niilwiiy.  to  faciiitiite  tin-  joiinn'V 
between  tile  ui»|M'r  and  lower  levels,  1ms  lieen  eonstiMuted.  anil  eiinij»i>ed 
with  ears,  o|)etatin,i;  in  a  novel  and  in}j;enions  manner.  The  cars  have 
tanks  helow  the  seiits  ;  tlu\se  tanks  are  tilled  with  water  from  a  spiin.i; 
at  the  hack  of  the  entrance  huildinj,',  hy  means  of  a  jiipe  lending;  into 
the  tank.  TiO  Ihs.  wei;;ht  of  water  is  sulKcient  to  overc(  .ne  the  halanee 
of  the  cars,  and  to  carry  tlie  loadeil  car  to  the  foot  of  the  railway,  tii.- 
lijfht  one  Wmfi  simulta,.eously  drawn  to  the  to))  l)y  the  s,ime  |(ower 
Formerly  these  cars  weie  ojier'ated  hy  steam-|iower,  hut  the  |)ies»Mit  is 
liv  far  the  safest  and  most  economical  plan,  there  heinjr  no  machitiery 
to  yet  out  of  order,  no  danger  of  diima<;e  from  liurstiiif;  of  lioiier.  etc.. 
the  entire  apparatus  necessary  heinju'  the  check  )r  •,")vernnr.  hy  which 
the  person  in  ciiarj;e  caii  regidate  or  stop  the  speed  of  the  car  with  jier- 
fect  ease.  These  cars  take  1  L'  pas:en<;ers  each  ;  the  tanks  are  eapahle 
(if  containing,'  L'.S()(»  llis.  of  watcT.  As  they  reach  the  f*.  of  the  in- 
cline, a  holt  or  ]>in  removes  the  fasteninj,'  to  the  dischai<;e  pi|.e  and 
dischar;,'es  tht;  water,  thus  leavinjj;  the  cur  in  readiness  for  its  ne.\t 
ascent,  which  is  made  in  about  one  and  a  half  minutes.  Tiie  total 
lenu'th  of  the  railroad  is  I'Sfi  feet. 

At  the  water's  edjre,  a  jdiotographic  studio  is  located,  thus  liiMUL; 
to  all  an  opiiortmiity  of  lieinj;  jxtrtrayed  with  the  Wliirlpool  Hapids  in 
the  Irackjirounds. 

I'etinnini;  attain  to  tiie  Falls,  we  tind  on  the  Canada  side  sever.il 
|K)ints  of  interest,  not  yet  considered  in  these  paf,'es.  At  Talile  Hock 
an  op]iortunity  is  all'orded  of  visitinji  the  Mi  SKi  M.  a  collection  nf  nat- 
ural ciniosities.  works  of  art.  etc..  well  worthy  of  a  visit.  A  zoolouieal 
jiarden  is  kejit  in  ciumection.  and  an  ol.servatory  atlords  ji  .yood  outlook 
frc.ni  a  lofty  stand-point. 

THE   BURNING   SPRIttG. 

.Miout  a  mile  aliove  the  Falls.  reache<i  hy  a  itleasaiit  drive  or  walk, 
acioss  Cedar  Island,  in  view  of  the  Hai)ids.  is  the  natural  curiosity 
known  as  the  liurnin-;  SiaiUf.'.  the  waters  of  which  are  iii<;hly  charjjed 
with  sulphuretted  hytlro;;en.  which  hums  with  a  Jiale  lilue  tlame  when 
ignited.  This  is  su|iiK)sed  to  have  its  origin  in  a  coal  f(U-niation.  lie- 
Heve.i  hy  some  to  he  extensive,  and  worthy  of  minin,;;.  The  proprietor, 
however,  has  not  stitticient  faith  in  the  feasihiiity  of  the  schenu'  to  un- 
dertake it.  Clark  Hill  Islands,  a  ;rroup  of  live,  wiiich  are  crossed  in 
the  approach  to  the  lauiiiiiji  sprinji.  are  in  the  midst  of  the  rapids,  and 
a  tine  carria<;e  drive  extends  alon<;  their  outer  shores,  atlordiny  a  .uood 
view  of  the  current,  which  is  here  very  rapid.  'IMie.se  islands  are  con- 
nected with  the  main  land  l.y  two  suspension  1.ridj;es.  which  have  been 
named  "Castor"  and  "Pollux." 

On  Cedar  Island,  near  the  Horseshoe  Falls,  a  iVifoda  has  been 
erected,  over  80  feet  in  heijjht.  from  which  a  maKiiiticeni;  view  can  be 
had.  It  is  a  noticealde  landmark  from  all  points  in  the  vicinity  of  the 
Falls. 


-* 


MAIiAKA     KAM.S. 


43 


;it«'  tilt'  journt'V 
■il.  ami  eiiuipiit'il 
Till'  cais  liiivf 
t'V  from  a  Hprinf; 
ijH'  li'iuliii";  into 
<  .lie  the  l)alani-(' 
the  i-ailway.  tin- 
lit'  same  power 
it  tliH  invscut  is 
f!  no  iiiacliitiery 
,r  t)f  lioiicr,  »'tc., 
t'ninr.  liy  whicli 
111'  .Ml'  with  per- 
miks  aiv  rapablf 
(•  t\.  of  till'  iii- 
i-liarj;i'  pipi'  aiiil 
ess  for  its  iw.\» 
iitt's.      Tin-   totill 

tt'il,  thus   •ri\iiiii 
rlpooi    Hii|ii»ls  ill 

Ilia  siili'  si'MTal 
At  Tahli'  Hoek 
ollt'ctioll  of  liat- 
it.  A  zooionioa! 
Is  a  uiooil  outlook 


lit  ilrivi'  or  walk, 
natural  curiosity 
•I'  hi;,'hly  (.'harjii'il 

l)hn'  tlaiiie  wlu'ii 
al  foriiiiitioii.  lif- 
Tlii-  proprii'tor. 
In*  Mchfiiie  to  iin- 
h  arc  fi'osscil  in 
f  till'  rapiils.  anil 
,  alforilinn  a  ijood 
•  islanils  art'  con- 

wliioli  havf  been 

p.-'ifoila  has  heen 
icen;  view  ean  he 
he  vicinity  of  the 


LUNDY'S   LANE   BATTLE   FIELD. 

As  a  spot  of  no  little  historical  interest,  the  scene  of  the  decisive 
buttle  between  the  Kii,,lisli  ami  .\iiiericMii  forces.  .IiilyLT).  1814.  re- 
coives  many  visitors,  of  all  nationalities.  The  t,'roiin(l  is  about  a  mile 
mill  a  half  line  west  from  the  Falls,  near  the  villaj;e  of  Druinniomlville, 
naiiie.l  in  lion>r  of  (ien.  l)ruiiimonil.  who  comniamled  the  British  forces 
in  the  eni;aj."'iiirnt.  Two  towers  have  been  erected  to  mark  the  spot. 
and  fronrthtur  siiminits  a  iioo.l  view  is  had  of  tlie  surnuindin.L' eotiiitrv. 
It  was  the  writer's  j^'ood  fortune,  on  the  oreasion  of  his  first  visit  tn 
the  scene,  some  ye;'.rs  aj^'o.  to  listen  to  a  description  of  tlit^  battle  from 
thi;  lips  of  a  sui'viviiij;  i>articipant,  who  w  re  the  British  uniform  on 
tlie  ore.ision.  but  who  ..^ave  the  American  .•  rces  siriiiit  credit  for  v-dl 
huitry  ill  the  huht.  TJie  total  loss,  in  killeil 
(U'dileen  hundred  men. 


and  wonndeil.  was  abnul 


DEVa.'S    HOLE. 

About    half  a    mile   lielow   the   Whirljioul 
srloomv  cavern  in  the  bank  has  receiM^l    the 


c.ii   the   American   siile.  a 
above   title.      It    is  about 


NIAIiAllA    ItlVEK    BELOW    THE    WniUl.l'OO 


one  hundred  feet  in  depth,  and  from  its  forbiddiiiji  aspect  mi<ilit  wll  lie 
regarded  as  the  jiroperty  of  his  Satanic  majesty.  Tradition  makes  this 
localitv  the  scene  of  the  ma.ssacre  of  the  En<;lisli  supply  train  and  es- 
cort ill  17'i3.  bv  the  Seneca  Indians.  insti«.'ated  by  the  French  traders. 
The  train  was  "on  its  way  from  Fort  Xia^'ara  to  Fort  SchloKser,  and 
only  tiireeof  its  number  escaped  alive,  while  of  the  escort  only  eif,dit 
,-,>ti'i'ii.d  to  Fort  Xiajjara. 

.Much  that  would  be  of  interest  to  the  reader  mijrlit  be  written  con- 
cernin-jthe  Falls  and  tee  surroundings,  but  we  have  already  devoted 
ji    la!  J'   amount   of   space  to  the  subject,  and   must    close  with   a  few 


44  CHICAGO  TO  THE   SEA. 

necessary  i.articul-.irK.  For  the  convenience  of  those  ^*  ho  may  net'd  the 
facts,  we  tubuhite  the  rates  of  toll,  carnage  hh-e,  etc.,  the  latter  t.eing 
the  rate  tixed  l.y  law  as  permissi  i)le.  It  may  be  well  to  add,  howevtsr, 
that  most  of  the  drivers  are  willing  to  make  a  sj^cial  rave,  considerably 
lower  than  those  given,  and,  as  pr:;viousl>  .emarked,  this  should  be 
expressiv  agreed  upon  before  starting  out,  including  an  understanding 
as  to  the  payment  of  the  tolls  and  gate  fees. 

RATES  OF  TOLL. 

a    f)(j 

Goat  Island - '  .  "^^^ 

Cave  of  the  Winds 'v,^ 

Prospect  Park ;^l 

IncliiK'd  Railway '^(J) 

Shadow  of  tin;  Kock   ^'.j^ 

New  SusiH-nsion  Bridge. "j. 

Th'**im'V  .--- ___..----.------     -----------  •■' 

Behind'  Sl.wt'  of  Water  (Tal .le  Rock)  ...    ^-^^^ 

Burning  Spring ," : '  'i' ^O 

Railway  Bridge,  over  and    .ack ;^^ 

WhirljHJol  Rapids J.^^ 

Whirlpool 

RATES  OF  FARE  ALLOWED  BY  LAW, 
FOR   CARHlACiE    HIRE   UHERE    NO    EXPRESS   CONTRACT    IS    MADE    THEREFOU. 

For  carrying  one  passenger  and  ordinary  baggage  from  one  place  to 
another  in  the  village,  TiO  cents.  „-        . 

Each  additional  i)assenger  and  ordinary  l)aggage,  2o  cents. 

For  carrving  one  passenger  ami  ordinary  baggige  frem  any  point  m 
this  village  to  anv  point  in  the  village  of  Suspension  Bridge,  1  .lollar. 

Each  a.lditional  passenger  and  ordin=-.vy  baggage,  ;)(»  cents. 

Each  additional  piect^  of  baggage  other  than  orduiary  baggage,  l^ 

cents. 

(.'hildn-n  under  :5  vears  ot  age,  tree. 

Over  :i  years  ami  v.ud.r  U  years,  half  price. 

Onlinary  bagg>.ge  is  defined  to  be  1  t  -unk  and  1  bag,  hat  or  band- 
box, or  other  small  parcel.  _ 

For  carrving  one   or  more   passengers,  in  the  same  carriage,    loni 
any  point  in  this  village  to  any  point  withm  ;>  miks  of  the  limits  o 
the  village,  at  the  rate  of  81. .^<»  for  each  hour  occupied   except  that  in 
every  instance  where  such  carriage  shall  be  .Irawn  by  a  single  horse,  the 
fare 'therefor  shall  be  at  the  rate  of  .  dollar  for  each  hour  occupied. 

H<,TELS  -Although  a  little  out  of  its  natural  connection,  this  suhject  seems  to 
,  ?tt  ,P«8t  a  naragraph.  The  constani  influx  of  visitors,  especially  aaring 
demand  at  least  a  paragraph      1  ^^^^  ^^^^^^  accommodationB  at  Niagara, 

*\V.  TfhZ  met  in  tbrerection  of  such  houses  as  the  Cataract,  International, 
8p  nce'^MararaXltela^^^^  Inland,  and  a  multitude  of  others,  of  varioua 

grades  of  excellence,  both  at  the  Falls  and  Suspension  Bridge. 

» 


ho  may  nwd  the 
,  tlie  latter  oeing 
to  add,  however, 
•ate,  consideraldy 
,  this  should  lie 
m  understanding 


$  .50 

1.00 

.25 

.25 

1.00 

.-'5 

,"[ 25 

...  1.00 
.50 
..50 

50 

50 

i    MAPK    THEREFOl.. 

I  froiji  one  place  to 

25  cents. 

from  any  |)oint  in 
n  Bridge,  1  dollar. 

50  cents. 
Unary  l)aggage,  12 


bag,  hat  or  band- 

■rine  carriage,  from 

s  of  the  limits  of 

[lied,  excej>t  that  in 

f  a  single  horse,  the 

hour  occupied. 

,  this  subject  seems  to 
Itors,  especially  ilariug 
imodiktions  at  Niagara, 
.'ataract,  International, 
e  of  others,  of  various 
ce. 


#  ^THE  ST.  LAWREP  Wl^.-^ 


'>r 


liiver 


,  H  K  route  to  the  sea  rin  tlu-  St    Lawreuc, 

min.-  become  a  great    favorite  with   swn.me. 

t   u  tts.  we  give  \n  this  connection  a  desm,.- 

io     of  some^f  its  principal  attractions       i  he 

naiestic  river,  whose  channel   is  the  outlet  toi 

The  waters  of  the  ^M■eat  c-hain  of  inland  seas, 

:  „s  •„  .  g-nerai   northeasterly  direction,  iron. 

L  ke   Ontario   to    the    (iulf  of   St.    Lawrence 

HMigh  a  country  full  of    objects  ot    interest 

th 'traveler  and  sight.s.;er.  and  b>ih.iu.^ 

gability   becomes  the   medium  by  which    th.j 
niav  be  reached.  . 

.../Niagara  Falls  in  the  evening,  sleepn.g  ca.s  a.e 
•/\\.w  York  Central,  Ib.m...  Watertown  .V  <  )g.lens- 
:^mi';l^Black  River  Kailroa-lMoOUytom..^ 

"-^  Ti;eC'L^;-^ns.:s  ro^iiiv. 

cliarming  villages  which  he  along  ;;';;,   '^^^  „,,  u.e  constantly 

extravagant   praise  from  niany  "'r^'  ^,  i,!*^!  ■  J^^^e  that   they  do  not 

increasing  l^^'''^-^;^  .    ;^;:;     uM;?'!;,.;:;  the   passengers  many 
soon  grow  ohl.      \ou  nia>    us  i     ••  .^^j,,,,^  .^id  the  summer 

r;:iJ:;^r^t^^^.r:::;:^.^-"'^^     -ists  y..  after 

y   u-   so  many  and  varied  are  the  charms  presented. 

LAKE  OF  THE  THOUSAND   ISLANDS. 

the  shore  oi  Mie  iivei  wntit   II  i   i,v  the  name 

of  nearly  dou.  '•'.  the  number  mdi.-ated  bj  the  name. 


'riie  tril)  there- 


TlIK    SI'      l.AWHK.NrK    IdVKK. 


47 


•     ii     .   ;  I  f  .>»■  li..iiitifiil  sciiuTV.  to  iMiutiiiur  ill  a  sue- 

*'''''v::r:i:i;:v;;  ;;  ;  t '  i^m  1 .1,...  at  ti...  wnan-  m  Mo,.t- 

'■'"1  h.       m    ^  a  »•   m  1..S  fnm.  Clayton   is    Ko.  Ni.   Isi.an..    Fauk, 

;::  ;,vi  1 '    li      Ihuatin.  wlneH  it  tak.-s  its  .la.ii...      A  lovol...  s,,o,    .s 
/  '       U.    foun.l.       All    .l.-uant    liot.-l.   iMmn-n.us    .otta^.-s.    i-La.   it 
v'         .1..  ,.li,l   .iriv..s.   aii.1   a   h.-autiful   wat-r^fn-,..,   an-  -"•'^^     "^^ 
Ci  ,•  s    liat  .•ontiilMit-  .0  its  attn.etivo,i..ss.  a,..l  «.v.-  l-;''-'' ;;      ^j  ^, 
'it  til.-  n-soil  i,„r  ,:,;;llr„.-v  anion-  t'u-  islaii.l  -.-.ns  ot     liis  iM-.uitituI 
:^.r  Tl   -  as  oitiou  c-o,it.ollin,  till- Park,  wl.il.- sMn-s...l  to  1...  .^^^ 
.  a  :.ud    is  l,v  n..  ,n..ans  s.-cta.ian.  an.l  tl.o  la,-.-st  tn-..,!..,..   is  a  1.^ 
tl^.J-;'.ants;  unt,aninu-l.-.l    l-y  tla-   .;lain.s  o.-  ..a,-vs  ol   tasl.u.u.  ml  1. 
as  ,.„n.-tin..-s.i-troyall  lih-.ty  at  tash.onal.l-  n-sorts. 


THE  LUXURY   OF  CAMP-LIFE 

Is  liere  eniovo.l  to  its  fullest  t'Vt.nt.     Tlu-  l.eautifnl  ^vovos  alon«  the 
Im-TJ    H-  islan.1,  .va.he.l  l.y  l.oat  or  th-  inlan-l  ,.atlis  an.l  <  r, v.- 
mn-a  .leli,htlul  can.,inK-,laoes,  while  tlu-  m.ly  -";;;-;;^';;; ^^^ 
tlu-  -haunts  of  .ivili/ation  "  places  the  convenienoes,  au    e  e      uxu  is 
for  those  who  .lesire  the.n,  within  easy  reach.      Roun.l   Island  rs  al.out 


4H 


rllH'AIln    TO    TIIK    SKA. 


a  mile  in  h-ngtli.  and  cinlit  ImiulrtMl  to  twt^lvu  liiinilnMl  f-'t-t  wide  lix 
sliiilH'  is  not  fonvetly  inilii-iitt'il  1>V'  Uh  niinit',  it  hfiiiK  in«>i<'  nearly  oval 
tlian  roiinil. 


wiili 
I'lian 
niak 


Soi 


KOIM)    l-l,.\Nii    HOI  SK. 


In  sinnininii;  up  thf  attractions  of  tla-  isliiml.  \m'  fan  (!■  "o  licttcr 
than  to  ('ni|>loy  tin*  langigijif  of  one  of  its  snnmit'r  residents,  u  uo  writes 
as  follows  : — 

What  Hound  Isliuid  lias  xdt  :  Marshes.  nu)S(|uitoes.  ujalaiia, 
drinking  ss.loons.  aemunulated  refuse,  impure  air.  impure  water. 

What  Hound  Island  lias  :  The  ])ure.st  and  most  invigorating  air, 
the  jlearest  and  most  delicious  water,  the  pleasantest  drives,  inviting 
walks,  lieautiful  views,  unparalleled  sceniiry.  facilities  for  amusement, 
accommodations  for  rest,  cleanliness,  healthfulness.  heiween  tiiirty  and 
forty  cottages,  an  elegant  hotel,  tifty-tive  acres  of  lawn,  a  two-mile 
(Irivint;  track,  bathing  hou.ses.  and  every  convenience  to  make  cottage 
or  hotel  life  charming. 

THOUSAND   ISLAND   PARK. 

More  widely  known,  jwrhaps,  than  any  of  the  other  St.  Tiuwrence  re- 
sorts, istlie  gieat  camp-meeting  paik  of  the  Methoilist  denomination  hear- 
ing the  above  title.  It  is  located  at  the  upjier  end  of  Wells  Island,  and 
has  r.'ipiilly  grown  to  large  proportions,  combining,  as  it  does,  the  re- 
ligious, social  ajul  pleasuri'-seeking  elements,  often  \inite((  in  the  same 
individuals.     It   has  a  large  village  of  ^n'mianent  cottages,  which  is 


TlIK    HT.    I.AWllKNCK    HIVKIl. 


49 


1   (V-ct  wide        I IX 
lion-  iioiirlv  oviil 


fan  d"  "<)  licttcr 
iltMits,  \\  ml  writes 

|iiit(ies.  inaliiriti, 
lire  Nvulcr. 
iiivijionitinj,'  ;iir, 
it  (hives,  iiivitiii!^ 
s  for  iiimiHciiii'iit, 
•iwccn  lliirty  iiiid 
iiwii.  a  twd-inili! 
to  iiiaki'  cottage 


■  St.  Lawrence  re- 
Bnoniination  heai-- 
Wells  Island,  and 
IS  it  does,  the  i'(>- 
jted  in  the  same 
jottages,  which  is 


.  .       ,  ,.  i.v  ill,,  ••cotton   houses"  of  those  who 

^.M-eatlv  increased  .n  the  snnnne,     '>  '       .  n   the   religious  serxicen 

,ome  tor  a  hrief  ntay.  either  n.attend.UM      u  <i        j.        ,„,  .,,|i,,.. 

.,n„.ashort   '•••^r't.-'Vom>msu.ess--^^  ,.,.1    ,^,^.„,,.,. 

„,,,i,.  ,„.il.lin«s,  stores   ..«.d     >".''",,     „„.,    ,„.i„.  i„   ,!,..  n.ain 

7*'''rvt^nvr;r;:d;K-^^^ 

channel  ot   the  ii\m.  n  e*   > 

„„ke  it  one  of  their  important  landmu's. 

WESTMINSTER    PARK. 

.n.e  lower  ,ortion,of^^^•^s  island  is,.,.^ 
ligionsassociat.on.he.ng  owned    I.N   '"'h     "">,.   „.^„„,   ,.,„servatisn.   ..f 

„:•  NVestn.ins.er  huk  A-;-  '-j;^.,,^^         .,.;.,  „..•  c ,-, Uu, 

,..,,,|,.„f  the  -orthodox     huth.     h    .  ,7,  ,,,,,,,  ,.v..ry  Sunday 

'•••'''■  '"""•  '^''''"'^''Tl'■"i^u^■n  m  is-  -  '^^  llnndred'acres.  oc 
.h.nng  th.-  seas.m.      The   I  a  k  '  "     ";    .        ■  „„.     ,„..,.«  to  a  com- 

..n,.yin,U  .n  irregular  neck  ot  'M''"  •;",,.„  j,  .lt..„t.  Tasteful 
n. 'mling  height.  overlo.^.ng  ^-'^^^^  -g.'  IH.rth.n  ..f  the  I'ark 
,„ttagcs  occupy  the  hmld.ng  l-ts      tow     .a  l        .,^^.,,,,.  „„,... 

has  1 n   divided.      \u  •'t'^''"'   '      ;^  ,!    '*  1'   .,  at    fron.  two  to  three 

•-''""'•  '"  ALEXANDRIA   BAY, 

r  ii     sif    T  >.wience  "      As  a  summer 
Sometimes  called  the  "Saratoga  ot  *»«'■  ^  .  Jf,^,  .''^  \,.,  ,.„s,    popular 

resort.it  i^*-''rf^'*;:'^';;;^;;:;  :':.;:;;  ::^e  anumg  the'n>ost 
watering  places  m  Amerca.  ^\^ ''V""  ,.„^....,,,.,.,.  ,vhile  piivate  cot- 
...n.n.o.lious  and  attractive  to  he  l"'"^^^;^',^;  ,*;,;..,  ,loth  on  the 
tages  and  villas   have  sprung  up  «'''       ;   V  \.^,.  ^,,,i    ,  ,„.,   (.....t- 

shore,  an.l  on  all  the  islands  near.      .^  h'.    '  "^^^^^^^^^^     ^nosphere.   and    the 

ing nihined   with  the  puiv   and    '"v  g  n .    ing  ;^  \ -^i,,,,,.  ,,„, 

Lc^utifnl  scenery,  attract  to  the   I'l-"''  ^  '    "...Alexandria  I5av  in 

i„,,..asing  in  volume  with  ''''^1'  **''^f  ^^"'7'  ,•.•;.,,  ,.  ,..,at.  is  charm- 
o,,v  twehe  mih.s  fron.  ••'''y*-';;';'  .:''!;,  'irri.  'shore,  succeeded 
ing:  as  the  pn  tty  cottages  come  in  yp^;^  '"^  „..,„.,.,,.  Among  the 
^^^he  imposing    hotel  tronts  "^,  ''%1'".'" ',„„,"..  ,.,nnie  Cattle." 

"^'-'-^ ''''-' Z:^\:^X'^^^         '-^'-^^^  •'""  ""■ 

is  a  conspicuous  oliject.  oitup.MHp      1 
low  the  hinding. 

THE  THOUSAND   ISLAND   HOUSE, 

A  view  of  which  we  herewith  presn.t.  is  -- f  ^1:.,:;;':;,,;;;:;:!:;:'^ 
i„  j.,i„tof  its  gem-ral  arrangements  ^  ^^^'^^,v  [n.  th^  river. 
fi,rded  l.y  its  location  to  he  tound  ;^;'^,.  ^^j  ^,u„..  ,,,,  its  win- 
It  is  l.uilt  on  the  soh.l  roc-k.  near  the  ^^.j '  >  "•  -  ,.^.,.,.  ^^„., 
dowsc,m,n.andanextensuei,n.p.c^^oth  M.  ;^  ^  ^^,,.^,,,„.  „^. 
across   the    Bay  to  Westminster  Fa. k.      imvi. 


ftO 


nilCAOo   TO  TIIF.   sK.V. 


|iaiiilt'i|  tty  iisi-ciiilitiir  till)  lofty  tower  wliicli  mlot'iis  tlic  ci'iittT  of  the 
Htnu'tiirc,  rising  Kit)  f*>ct  uliov*-  tlic  fouinliitioii,  iitiil  HuiiMoiiiitiil  witli 
II  liiili'oiiy,  atfoi'iling  an  outlook  of  siir|mHHitii;  lovdiiu'SH  mihI  ^ninilciii-, 
Tlif  liotfl  is  fli«  larp'Mt  on  the  river,  iiinl  will  atToinimxIiite  7<l(l  ^iiestH. 
lii'avin^  Alexanili'ia  May.  we  are  now  in  tiie  niiil.st  of  tlie  most 
fasliionalili*  part  of  the  ThoiiHantl  IslaiMi  ^rou|i.  The  residenceM  arii 
elej^aiit  in  style  of  ai'ehiteetiire  anil  yeneral  a|i|iointnientH,  some  of  theni 


TH0C8ANIJ    ISLAND    HOfSE,    ALBXANDKIA    BAT. 

being  very  costly,  theii-  wealthy  iirojirietors  having;  lavished  exjiendi- 
tuie  ii[>on  them  with  unstinted  hand.  The  captain  will  call  many  of 
them  V)y  name,  ths  islands  having  received  their  titles  mostly  from 
their  present  owners  and  occujMints,  and  are  .somewhat  fanciful  anil 
often  appropriate.  For  instance  "  Fairy  liand  "  seems  a  fitting  abode 
for  ellin  sprites,  although  equally  attractive  to  humanity.  Arcadia, 
Sport    Islaml,    Swmmerland,    Manhattan,    Imperial,    Welcome,    Cozy, 


TllK    HT.    I.ANMIK.Nt  K    lUVKll 


ftl 


!»'  center  of  tlif 
iminoiintid  with 

H  mill  ^ninilfur, 

ullltc    7<l(l  ^llt'StM. 

list  (if  tlif  muHt 
f)  reHideiu't'H   II  ic 

tM,  SOIIlf  (if  tllCIII 


?iZ   '* 


.^^J 


vislied  cxjieiidi- 
ill  uiill  many  of 
;Ies  mostly  from 
lat  fiinciful  and 
<  11  titting  aliode 
mity.  Arcadia, 
iVelcome,    Cozy, 


V..1..IV.  and  a  Lost  of  oM-r  coKnon.cMH.  liavc  I n      ^     ^  ^  ,'  ^ 

..Imnaing  siiots  where  taste,  eie^auee.  and  relmen.e.t  ;i.e  '•^'"''  »'  •  '^ 
.rt  has'niited  witli  nature  in  n,al<in,  .hem  v-'-tu U'  .  -  n  .e  .  . 
diKCH.  where,  h.tnHhi,,ie.  no  Her,.enl's   .rail    may  mar  the  h,iir>"<  -  "« 

''"%!:Z:7\U.  Tl ml  Ishtmls  are  caih.d  the  Til. Sisters,  fion. 

,h..i  (.:: mldance  and  ,r..ximi,y  ,o  each  other,  '"'hey  an.  ....rly  o,.  . 
sito  Hrockville  on  the  ( 'anada  shore  and  MorriH.owi.  ,.n  .     <  N         V   •  k 

side,  the  two  towns  liein«  directly  o,.,,os„ -I;  ""  "•  ;  *   '    !"      •  II 

tern  inns  of  the  Canadian  I'acilic  Kailway.  and  the  h.tt.  i    ot  tl.    I  tua 

t  k       i cr    liaihoad,  .1 lin,'  .mly  a  l.ridt,'e,  NMtli  these  islands  an 

■s  i    ,,1  (  .s  for  ,he  .laitm.  nts.  ,„  unite  the  ^wo  roa.ls  n,  oii.y...n.n.- 

.1  s  Un  ..      IhockviUe.  named  in  li r  of  Ceneral  l?rock.  is  cal  e     1 1  . « 

::;:.;.;    Cltv  of  .h..  St.  Lawren....."  and  .hen.  ,s  -;:;',•'-«  ;•-;;,       .^ 

.„,..a,ance 'to   warrant  the    l.e.s.owmen.    ot    .he    ..tie.      its    '^   "   '     -^^ 

,      ,„.l   ,|„„vli   spiles   ^'ive    a..    a,,,.eara..ce    ot    s,ih.ndo..  vvhi.h    .  he 

n't  w      o  s!!rve  -.1  a  ,i.:.,li:ni.  v  .^.he  Canadian  citu-s  to  he  seen  in 

s    ;^i        .  niei.il  with  ihich  .hey  are  covered  r.^ai.i.n^  Its    ..•..l.tnesH 

.      '  m     k,hle  ileuree.  owiii«  ...  the  purity  and  .l.y.a.ss  ot   .he   aLn.-s- 


I'l 


OGDENSBURG   AND   PRESr  OTT. 


Th..se  two  cities,  like  those   last  n.en.  .o.ed,  a.v  o,i,.os.t.-  .m.  h  .  .1 1.    . 
.„„,,.   l,.,ti,  impiatant    ,ioi..ts.     ( »j,'denslai.j,'   .s  .he   ..■nmnns  .d    th 
.       \VM....-t.iw..    .V    Oi;.h.|islmrg.  the  Utica  \-  IMack    ll.ver.  and   0^' 
.;,r'         1  ake  Cha.iM.lain    Uailroads.  the  two  former  conmi«  tnan 
he  w!;;     n.l  the  latter  Inin.  .he   Kast.     The  citv  lu-s  on  hoth  si-  es  ot 
„.  t)swe«atchi.-  lUv.T,  at  its  ,iu..ction  will,  the  >t.     '---'-':'-■      ' '  '       ; 
.(H.nt  .if  its  heau.iful  f.-Ua^'S  it  has  hee..   aii|.ro,.r.at.dy  '■'"  .^';  I 

-itv  Its  extensiv..  riv.^r  front,  with  its  railroad  tac.h  les.  ,t,'i  es  ,t ,.  (  - 
•i  l.d  •,(  intake  as  a  ^nain  port.  La.-e  el..vato.-s  a...  wa.cl.ouses  to. 
;;;|:u.;;;X;.^nt  o^^^u  .L  ..!,..■  fr..i,ht  f..a..  .h-  lake  steams,  a.v 
am.inu  the  inniortant  ( iiteipnses  ot  the  place.  .       , 

The  direct  route  to  the  Adir.mdacks  fro...  Oj;«  ensla.rg  .s  _  ( 
,).dtns.iurg  ..  Lake  Chan.plain  Railroad  on  the  ';-';-'-;,' 
located  the  recentlv  discovered  l.nt  al.c-ady  lamous  (  "f  ""^''"'y  \';  " 
.U  the  western  se(:-tion  of  tli.'  all-rail  line  from  ( )gdensllur^  t..  P..rtlan(l. 
U^s  "ainuuH  also  assuming  considen.l.le  i.nportance  as  .  to.mst  r(i..to 
lo  the  mt  Mount..ins  an.l  other  resorts,  ami  will  receive  .lue  not.ce 

'""^::jr,:itropposit(,  bank  of  the  St.  Lawrence,  is  conneet..d 
witirSeUurK  by  Veny,  the  boats  being  of  sutHctent  eapac.ty  to 
^Wehars,  an.f  making  regular  trips.  The  nulroad  -te-t«  ^t  h  h 
place  are  concentrated  i.i  the  Grand  Tnmk  ami  the  St.   Lawum. 

Ottawa  division  of  the  Canadian  Pacihc.  A,,„^,.na  S.irinus 

Massena  I-amung,  where  passengers  destined  for  M.issena  ^.l""*.^ 

g(,asln™  tion  passed,  ani  now  a  l)erceptible  increase  is  noticeable 


I 

iV. 


THE   ST.    LAWRENCE   RIVER. 


53 


in  the  velocity  of  the  current.  The  interest  among  the  passengers,  if 
it  has  anywhere  been  allowed  to  flag,  now  becomes  re-awakene<l,  as 
the  word  goes  along  the  line  that  the  famous 

RAPIDS  OF  THTi  ST.  LAWRENCE 
Will  soon  add  zest  to  the  journey.     There  are  se.^eral  course,  of  these 
rapids,  those  we  are  now  entering   being   the  Ua  lopes    which    com- 
pared with  some  of  the  others,  are  of  but  little  interest   except    s  a 
foretaste  of  what  is  to  come.     Next  we  enter  and  pass  tlie  Kapui  <le 
Plan,  and  the  excitement  deepens  as  the  foaming,  seething  waters  just 
ahead  proclaim  the  approach  to  the  famous  Long  Sault  (pronounce.1  ^o^ 
This  is  the  longest  of  the  series,  being  a  continuous  descent  toi    nin.. 
iiles,  with  the'current  running  at  a  sjK^ed   of  twenty  nules   an   hour 
A  canal,  eleven  miles  m  length,  extends  around  this  rapid    ^^lth  «jc 
locks,  facilitating  the  descent  of  such  cratts  as  are  unable  to  <^^h 
the  i4pids,    lid  also  permitting  the  return  o    the  steamers.     Fou.  sim- 
ilar canals  !■  re  to  be  met  at  various  places  along  the  river. 

At  Dickenson's  Landing,  just  before  entering  the  Long  t.ault.    he 
..assengers  are  transferred  to  the  "  Prince  Arthur,"  a  boat  construe  el 
.vnressly  for  "  shooting  the  rapids,"  which  steams  out  from  the  land- 
ing, with  its  bow  headed  toward  the  angry  waters,  as  it  "\  "-h-nee  ot 
their  power.    The  increasing  speed,  and  especially  the  perceptible  desc.^n  , 
soor  Laken  the  interest  of  the  dullest  among  t/^e  P^-ng^.^' '^"I  'i;    ' 
boat  lurches  to  the  right  or  left  (or,  in  nautical  phnise   t^/^e    t  .  b  au 
ur  port),  to  escape  destruction  from  some   ledge  which   tlie  tiust    p  lot 
knows   how  to  avoid,  the  excitement    deepens   and  mcreases,  an     tie 
half  hour  required  for  the  passage  of  the  Long  Sa.ilt  is  ;--';;'      ^'''^'f 
•dternatin-    leliyht,  fear  and  exhilaration,  quickening  the  pulse  ami 
gi"ngStothejmirney,notto  be  appreciated  except  by  those  who 

""^Z  L  of  this  Rapid,  the  placid  waters  of  Lake  ^.  Franci.  are 
entered,  an.l  the  contrast  between  the  trancpul  surroundings  an.l  tl.^ 
umult;uid  excitement  just  passed  through  brings  -  ^-^^^:^'^ 
relief,  and  the  lovely  scenery  among  which  the  boat  f^^J  «  '  ^^  ^ 
twentv-tive  miles,  is  all  the  more  keenly  appreciated.  Ihe  call  to  .lui 
nil,  which  is  served  during  the  passage  of  this  lake  is  a  -  -m«  on  , 
and  the  passengers  a-e  now  ready  to  descend  to  the  level  of  thi  gs  ui..- 
t«tlld  substantial,  which  they  find  spread  in  abundance  m  the  dm- 

'"°AftTdinner,anda.iuiet  stroll  on  deck,  a  little  more  experience 
with  1  ipht  s  in  order.  Passing  Cot.au  du  Lac,  we  enter  the  'oteau 
Rapids  descending  (,uickly  to  the  Ce.lars,  Split  Rock  an.l  Cascade 
RaS  Is'.  In  passing  the  c/.lars,  a  peculiar  sensation  is  experienced,  as 
Soat  appears  to  settle  down  occasionally  with  great  sud.lenness  a. 
hough  abl,ut  to  be  submerged.  This  is  supposed  to  be  --g  to  a 
strong  undercurrent  which  exerts  this  inHuence  on  the  ''^-t  '«  ^'« 
passes  from  one  ledge  of  rock  to  anotlxn-,  although  they  are   at   a  safe 


r 


,    I-      ':    Ml  ''IIP'' 

'map!'':    ri'' 


m 


TllK    ST.    1,A\V11KN('K.    lUVKK. 


.listanc..  1..-1UW  1..T  k.M-1.     Tlu-  i-ussii-.'  of  tlu-  Split  Hock  Hui-uls  s.-.-ins 
.laLMerous,  as  iu.l..e.l  it  woul.l  he  w.-.v  tl,.-  pilot  ..,  tor^'.'t  tor  a  mo.nyu 
th,^"rave  responsihilitv  of  his  tnist.  an.l  tail  t..  swerve  the  boat  at  .  nst 
the  right  .noinent  to  avoi.l  some  roek  or  le.ljie  that  threatens  .lestruct.on 

*"  'I'l^rilSlnallv  a  raft  luay  he  seen  in  eontliet  with  the  rushin- waters, 
,,,,,arentlv  at  the  mercy  of  the  eurrent.  The  venturesome  nn.hermen 
.!n..,.allv'mana^re.  however,  to  "i-ut  in  an  oar"  to  ji„o,  a.lvanta^.  n. 
■^teeriny  elear  ..f  the  rocks,  altluMigh  not  always  suocesstul  in  j;unhn« 
their  frail  crafts  into  M"i''t  wafrs.  An  occasional  wreck  is  the  result 
of  these  ventures,  as  the  scattering  lo.gs  in  the  channel  attest. 


KAITS    IN     11112    UAI■1I)^. 

The  Cusca.les  are  so  caUeil  from  their  resemhlance  to  a  series  of 
short,  leaping  hdls.  Passing  the  ("asc.ules,  we  enter  upon  another 
hroa.l  expanse  of  watvr,  the  river  here  wi.h.nn.g  into  Lake  !>t.  Louis,  e- 
'  eivim.  also  the  waters  of  the  Ottawa  liiver.  This  lake  is  twehe  miles 
lun-.-  In-  ahout  six  in  hrea.Uh,  ami  the  ri.le  across  its  .pn'.-t  waters  just 
precd'es  the  culminating  excitement  of  the  trip,-the  .lariug  passage  ot 

*^^"'  FAMOUS   LACHINE   RAPIDS. 

\t  the   hea.l   of  these    Haphls  is  the    pn-tty  'itth-    hl-lian  village   of 
LK-iiine    an.l   here  comes  ahoanl   our  Jn.lian   i.iU.t.  Hai.tiste   hy  name, 
who  has  piloted  the  hoats  through  the   Lacliine  Hapi.ls  tor  forty  years 
These  Kapi.ls  are  the  most  perilous  in  all  the  river's  extent,  on  account 


ff' 


56 


CHICAGO   TO   TIIK   SEA. 


ii 


m 


of  the  (levioiis  niitiire  of  tlw  vhnmw],  mid  the  dangerotis  rocks  wliich  lit; 
just  »fnou^h  lielow  the  Kiirfiiie  to  deceive  any  l>ut  tlie  skillful  navigator. 
The  swarthy  jjiant  who  takes  the  wheel  at  this  point  pays  little  atten- 
tion to  anything  Imt  tJie  duty  in  hand,  and  that  seems  to  demand  all 
liis  energies,  ('asting  alternate  glances  at  him  and  at  th^?  rushing 
waters  ahead  of  us,  we  involuntarily  breathe  the  words  of  the  hymn, 

"Steady,  O  pilot,  stand  Arm  at  the  wheel." 

Kight  in  our  path  lies  a  ragged  rmik,  which  threatens  us  with  in- 
.stant  dcstiiiction  ;  l>ut  a  turn  of  the  wheel  at  just  the  right  moment 
•sei.ds  our  good  craft  a  little  to  the  left  of  it,  and  the  a[»pare"^  danger  is 
past.  VVith  hated  l)reath  we  watch  for  the  ne.xt  jieril  that  looms  ahead 
of  us,  to  find  it,  lik«'  its  predecessor,  van(|uished  by  the  strong  arm  and 
steaily  nerve  of  the  man  to  whom  every  yi^^h  of  the  channel  is  as  fa- 
miliar as  a  beaten  jtatli. 

Kntering  once  more  into  (piiet  waters,  we  steam  on  o»ir  way  toward 
Montreal,  and  soon  the  horizon  is  marked  with  the  long  line  of  the  fa- 
mous V'ktokia  liiiiixiK,  wliich  rises  higher  and  higher  as  we  a](]iroach 
it.  until  we  gli  le  under  it  iind  are  soon  at  the  wharf  of  the  American 
lii.ic.  ;'t  the  clo.se  of  a  diiy  that  has  been  tilled  with  a  succession  of  de- 
lights unapproachable  in  a  day's  exjierience  in  travel  elsewhere  on  the 
American  Continent. 


CANADIAN    t'AKRYALL. 


I  rocks  wliich  lie 

:illful  navigator. 

ays  little  iittun- 

to   demand   all 

at  th^'  rusliing 

of  the  hymn, 


itens  us  with  in- 
B  right  moment 
pare"*^  danger  is 
hat  looms  ahead 
strong  arm  and 
channel  is  as  fa- 

oiir  way  toward 
)i  line  of  the  fa- 
as  we  a]()iroauh 
>f  the  American 
iiccession  of  de- 
z-lsewhere  on  the 


X/-^' 


MONTRElAIU^t* 


.\.M> 


;^  QUEBEC.^- 


T()UR  from  the  West  t''  the  Kast  which  did  not 
include  a  visit  to  the  chief  cities  of  Canada  woidd 
he  indeed  inconii)lete.  Hence,  in  the  arrangement 
of  sunnner  excursions,  the  River  Ht.  Lawrence 
comprising  a  part  of  the  trip,  it  is  both  easy  and 
natural  to  eml>race  these  points  of  inttM-est. 

MoxTRKAh  is  the  metropolis   of  15ritish   North 
Anuuica.     Its  situation,   i)oth   from  a  scenic  and 
connnercial  point  of  view,  renders  it  attractive   to  the 
tourist  anil   prosperous  as  a  hiisiness  centtu-.      Its  loca- 
tion is  on  an  island  in  the  St.  Lawrence,  at  the  base  of 
,.  Mt.  Roval,  which  gives  the  city  its  name.     The  view  of 

the  city  from  the  river,  with  the  mountain  in  the  background  is  beau- 
tiful and  impressive,  and  when  this  is  supplemented  by  the  grand  pic- 
ture exhibited  from  the  summit  of  the  mountain,  with  the  river  aiid 
the  Victoria  Bridge  in  the  distance,  the  observer  is  ready  to  .exclaim, 
"  Beautiful  for  situation '.  "  . 

On  arriving  in  Montreal,  whether  by  boat  or  rail,  the  travel.-r  is 
inipi-essed  with  the  idea  that  the  entire  iiopulation  must  in.lu  ge  in 
riding,  so  numerous  are  the  hackmen,  or  carters,  as  they  are  call.Ml.  to 
be  seen  at  every  hotel,  .lepot  and  landing.  Their  easy  .uie  or  two- 
horse  carriages  are  at  vour  service  fo'-  long  or  short  trips,  and  their 
i.rices  are  very  reasonable,  being  regulated  by  law.  The  tare  tr..m 
point  to  point 'within  the  citv  is  twenty-tive  cents  for  one  or  two  pas- 
sengers, and  tifty  cents  for  three  or  four,  although  the  usual  custom  of 
the'llriver  is  to  charge  twentv-tive  cents  for  each  [.assenger,  and  collect 
it  if  he  can.  If  Nou  go  outside  the  city  limits,  make  a  bargain  m  ad- 
vance. In  fact,  tiiere  is  safety  in  giving  this  rule  a  general  application 
wherever  you  need  the  services  of  a  hackinan.  and  thereby  always 
avoiding  contt-ntion  in  settlement. 


r 


'ff.l<\!  ' 


vm 


I 


imyj 


MONTIiKAI,    AM)    QIKHKl'. 


THE   HOTELS 


59 


of  Montreal  aio  cxfelli-nt,  coiii|insiiig,  ainoiij,'  tiif  must  flt'^aiit.  the 
Ottawa,  Windsor,  and  St.  Lawrence  Hall.  The  AlMon  Hotel  has  for 
nianv  years  lieen  a  great  favorite  with  A  iierican  tomists.  hoth  from 
the  })>Tiionuel  of  its  management  and  the  reasonalih'ne.ss  of  its  diarges. 
The  Montreal  Hou.se,  the  American,  the  Hichelieii.  and  a  ho.st  of  other 
claimants  for  iiatronage.  all  ha\.  their  special  merits,  and  are  well- 
spoken  of  l>y  their  visitors. 

Si<'ht-se"i 'ng,  in  the  city  and  vicinity,  is  liest  accomplished  liy  tlio 
einiiloyment  of  a  "carter."  who  is  nsualiy  well  jiosttMl  on  all  tiie  jiointH 
of  interest,  and  can  often  entertain  his  party  with  sundry  h'gends  in 
connection  with  them.  The  most  delightful  drive,  for  a  single  trip, 
is  the 

RIDE  AROUND  MOUNT  ROYAL, 

Which  is  ahout  nine  miles  in  extent,  over  splentlid  macad.nui/.ed  roads, 
throui'h  a  .section  of  country,  in  the  .sulnu'hs.  devotecl  to  g;irdeuing.  iind 
undei"  I  high  state  of  cultivation.  Tht^  entire  island,  ali.ait  tiiirty  mih's 
long  hv  ten  wide,  is  noted  for  its  fertility,  and  is  called  the  (Jarden  of 
Canaila.  The  trip  should  also  include  a  drive  to  the  summit  of  the 
mountain,  which  is  reached  l.y  a  carriage  road  of  easy  a.sceiit,  and 
which  is  heing  converted  into  a  niagniticent  park,  from  whicii  an  ex- 
tensive vh'W  of  the  city  and  surrounding  country  can  lie  ohtained. 
The  Mount  Koval  (Vmet-rv,  the  (irey  Nunnery,  and  the  Hotel  Dieu 
are  also  to  he' se,.„  in  this  drive,  the  latter  heing  th-  largest  huild- 
ing  in  the  Dominion,  used  for  a  convent,  hospital,  and  asylum  tor  poor 

children. 

The  Water  Works,  the  reservoir  of  which  is  on  the  sidti  ot  the 
mountain,  witli  the  pumping  station  on  the  hanks  of  the  St.  Lawrence, 
ahove  the  city,  are  well  worthy  of  a  visit.  Tlu^  reservoir  was  exci- 
vated  out  of  the  solid  rock,  and  is  l.'(t(i  feet  ahove  the  level  of  the  liver. 
The  cost  of  the  works,  with  the  machinery,  was  ov.t  .<•.'.( MI0.( Kill.  '!'he 
immense  jirossure  obtained  from  such  an  elevated  reservoir,  enahles  the 
tirt!  department  to  dispense  entirely  with  engines,  using  hose  carriages, 
anil  a  large  conflagration  in  the  city  is  almost  an  impossihility. 

The  pTihlic  hnildings  of  the  city  are  substantial  and  elegant,  many 
of  them  conspicuous  for  tludr  sujierior  architect\ual  design,  and  the 
completeness  of  their  ap])ointments.  The  Court  House.  Post  OlKce, 
Merchants'  Exchange,  several  bank  buildings,  the  Custom  House, 
Mc  Gill  Colleges  Bonsecours  Market,  and  a  list  that  might  be  indefi- 
nitely extended,  comprise  the  notabh^  structures  that  will  attr.ict  at- 
tention as  you  ride  through  the  bn.siness  thoroughfares  of  the  city.^ 

The,  churches  are  among  the  finest  to  be  foiual  in  America.  Notre 
Dame,  with  its  twin  towers,  conspicuous  from  every  point  of  view,  is  the 
most  capacious  of  any  of  this  finished  structures,  although  the  Cathe- 
dral, now  in  process  of  erection,  and  modeled  after  St.  Peter's  at  Rome, 


IS   tu 

T\w  V 

:i(i.n() 
Cliiin 
iiii,'s. 


tiiif 
titm 
iiiai 


IS  a  1 

to  l>l- 

span. 
|ii(  IS 
ill";  n 
Tin  11 


tla- 
am 


as 


th. 


n'<' 


ei'i 


MONTIIK.M,    AM)   (ilKHKC. 


61 


is  to  t..'  H.roii.l  t.iilv  to  tlli^^  faiiioUH  .■.liluf  in  point  of  siw  aii.l  .'l.-- 
.ranc.  Tli.-tow.is'aiv  inasMV."  aii.l  loity.  l-.-iiiji  T^O  foot  in  lu'igl.t. 
Tho  liglit-lian.l  -ow.t  niav  Ix-  aso-iHl.-.l.  aii.l  tla-  \  i.-w  to  U-  lm<l  woll  lo- 
wanls  tlu'  .'tlort  of  i-linil.inK.  It  contains  ti..-  l.ij;  l»'ll.  Nsvi-lmig  near  y 
:WI.(l(M»  |H)un.ls.  Tho  oth.T  tow.-'  contains  a  cliinif  o^  l.t-Us.  llio 
Clmivh  of  til.-  Ci.'su  is  not.Ml  for  tlu-  Ix-auty  of  its  fivsi-oos  an.l  |.aint- 
in-s.  Til."  Knglish  ('athclml-  an.l  sovral  IVotrstaiit  .Inm-h.'s,  aiv  also 
lino  fdilii'i's. 

Lachino  Canal,  l.-a.linj;  from  al.ov.-  tlio  ra|.i.ls  ot  that  name,  is  a, 
tint'  siM'oinicn  of  on^'ii rin^',  an.l  lu.t  .mly  s.'iv.-s  t..  taciiitat.'  naviga- 
tion, iM.t   furnislifs  almost    nnlimit.'.l    wat.'r    powor   f..r   tl xttmsive 

niaimfactiiring  .'ntcriaisfs  along  its  Itanks. 

Victoria  i'.ri.lg.-,  wliid.  m.ss..s  tli.-  river  from  tli.-  Sout hern  shore, 
is  a  nmssiv.^  an.l  mstlv  stniotniv.  On.'  of  tla-  ia-st  vi.^ws  „t  it  is  that 
to  I...  ha.l  in  coming  .iown  the  riv.T.  the  boat  passing  iin.Ur  th.-  .•.•litral 
span.  It  is  tiihular  in  shap...  l.uilt  ..f  iron,  an.l  r.'sts  upon  twenty -tour 
pi.rs  of  soli.l  masonry,  tlu-  cntral  span  l"ing  :5:J(i  f.'.U.  ami  the  iriiiain- 
in.r  om-s  L'4-.' f.'.-t.  it  ct)st  >?t;,:U)l  1.00(1,  is  tla-  property.)!  the  «.ran.l 
Tnmk  Haihvav  Company,  ami  is  us.mI  .-xelusively  f..r  railway  purpos.-s. 
Th.^  shippi'ng  int.^ivsts  of  Montreal  are  am..i.g  the  most  imp.)rtant 
sonrc-s  of  th.-  .-ity's  pr..siM-rity.  At  tlm  h.-a.l  of  oeean  navigation,  it  is 
th.-  Am.'riean  t.-rminus  of  a  iniml..-r  of  trans- Atlantic  steainship  Im.-s, 
an.l  the  railway  an.l   riv.-r  an.l   lak.-  .•.Miuect ions  from   the  W  .-st.  .-om- 

l,i I  xvith  its  facilities  for   ocean  commerce,  rentier  it  v.-ly   laomin.-nt 

as  a  port  for  transhipment.  Its  wharves  are  m)t  .■.vcell.-.l  in  Am.-nca, 
b.'ing  con^truct.'.l  of  s..li.l  lim.-stmi.- :  an.l  its  harl.or  is  .W-p  an.l  ca- 
pacious, , 

The  Champ  .le  Mars,  a  spacious  para.l.i  grouml.  wlier.^  tbr.H^  tlmu- 
san.l  tro.>i.s  may  he  reviewe.l  at  once  ;  Vig.r  S.|uar.",  near  l.y,  with  gar- 
.l..ns.  c..ns.-rvatories,  fountains,  etc.;    Victoria   S.piare,  Jacjiu-s  Larti.-r 
S.|Mar.-,  an.l  sev.-ral  otlu-r  smaller  s.piar.-s.  coiistitut.!  tli.'  parks  ot  the 
city,  in  .i.l.lition  to  the  Mount  Royal  Park.     Impr.)ve  his  time  as  he  may 
th.'  visit.)r  will  not  soon  .-xhaust  the  attractions. )fd.is  beautiful  city,  an.l 
will  tin.l  many  more,  which  we  have  n.)t  space  even  to  mention,  as  we 
ivgretfully  leave  the  pli-asunt  spot,  ami  re.sum.'  our  journ.-y,  to  the 
ANCIENT  CITY   OF  QUEBEC. 
Tlie  route  from  Montreal  may  V)e  chosen  from  three  :   The  North 
Shor.'  Railway,  the  Grand  Trunk  Railway,  an.l  the   Hicheheu  .t  Onta- 
rio Steamship  Line   via  the  St.  Lawrence.     The  latt.-r  is  it    av.)r.te, 
an.l  unless  the  tourist  is  surfeite.l  with  steamboat  ruling,  will  be  the 
one  generally  chosen.     It  is  a  night  tri]),  an.l  theivfore  less  wearisome 
than  a  ri.le  by  rail,  as  tlie  comfortable  state  rooms  .)f  the  boat  are  pret- 
erabletotlie"V)erthsof  asleej)ing-car.  .       .,      .    ,         ,,      :„i„,.,i 

L..aying  M<jntreal  at  early  evening,  passing  th.'  f..rt  on  the  ish.n.l 
.Ur.-ctly  against  the  city,  an.l  ..awar.l  past  the  m..uth  of  the  Ottawa 
River  below  the  city,  the  first  stop  is  at  the  town  ot  Sorel,  or  William 


fl2 


CIIICMIO    1(1     TIIK    sKA. 


rl\    ti\r    llllli- 

lU  iiiti)  M  l.tki 
now  II  :is  l.iiki 
;i\i'i>.  takini. 

ill     lllTf     \\l>\\- 

iiiiiii'l^. 


r.  is  siiitfiil.irly 

llilM'Ilt,  it^  >it 
'lltl'lTSt.        'I'll'' 

i]i(>ii  you  ti'iiiii 
icrf  siirroiiii 
I'jictivi'. 
Ill'  of  till'  most 
is  rcjilctr  ^^  I'll 
liattli'  Mini  ul 
lonililc  ('iij,'iiui'- 
II  r>i'itiiiii.  nil 
icti))'    .iiiil    till- 

■  iiml  till'  liiwiT 
itiulfl  lit'  ( 'ii]ii' 
orv.  t'liiliiiicim.' 

It      of    ."il"!      t'l'l't 
111'  sllrlliitl 
•  (iililMllal'     of 


64 


(  llU'Atllt    Tu   TIIK.    SKA. 


The    slifiiM'   nt'   till'  city  is  tiiangnliir.  the    St.    Lnwicmc    nixl    St. 

Cliinlis  rivers  fdiiiiiiiji  tin-  twd  Midcs,  with  tlic   IMiiiiis  of  Aliiiiliaiii  fur 

till- iiusc.     Tiic  rivir  fri)iit.H  HIT  (i<'fcii(lf(l   liy  a  mntinuiMis  wiill    on   tlio 

Vfiv  iudw  (if  till'  liilf,  witli  Hanking;  towcrn  ami  liastioiiM.  Ioo|p1ioI(i1  for 

iiiiiskftiy  luul  |iit'ro<*«l  for  fiiiuioii.     On  tlit- wt-st  siilf.  a   licavy  tii|iii' 

wall,   svitli    trcnclics    ln'twccn,   foniicrly    fiiianlcd    that    a|ii'roach.    Init 

mill  li  of  it    is  now  ih-- 

nioli.siiiMl.      lift  wofii 

th<-  olil   town  aiitl  the 

uiitsiiii'  wui'lil,  the  wall 

was    fornn'rly   jiitTcnl 

with    frowning    uatc 

ways,  tivt'  in  niiiiilifr  ; 

hut    tlu'Sf    have    hcfn 

j^radiiaily   (lcnioliHln'(l. 

in  i'fs|ioiisc  to  the  iiicri'as- 

iufi  lii'iiianil  for  nioi'f  fit'f 

cuniniiinioatioii,    anil    on 

tho  occasion  of  tlm  writer's  last 

visit   to  tiio  city,  the  ohl  Saint 

John's   ),'!ite   was    heilij,'   .'litirejy 

renioveil.      We  jireselit  views   of 

these  j,'ateways.  from  wliieh   the 

fortitieil    asjieet   of   the  town  he- 

fori!   tlifir    ili'tiiolition    may    he 

readily  inferred. 

The  nationality  of   the   inhahitants 

is  stroiifily  Freneli.  and  the  visitor  from 

the  States  eaii  easily  faiu-y  himself  in  u 

city  in  France,  so  dei'idedly  un-Ameri- 
can   are    all     his    sunoiinilinj;s.      The 

quaint    houses,  the   steep  and    tortuous 

streets,  especially  of  the  oldest  tiortions 

of  the  ''■'''"■  '"*^">'>"- 

city,  luul  the  almost  universal  use  <jf 
the  French  lani;uaf;e  in  the  ordinary 
channels  of  trade,  reiiuire  no  stretch 
of  the  imagination  to  practically  triins- 
poit  one  to  the  old  world,  and  f,'ive  a 
^'limpse,  as  it  were,  of  u  foreiyu 
country. 

Tho  view  from  tho  Citadel,  on  ac- 
count oi'  its  elevation,  is  siirjiassiniily 
grand  iir  (I  comprehensive.  The  majes- 
tic St.  Lawrence,  alive  with  sailing 
craft  of  every  size  and  kind,  stretches 
WOLFE'S  oiLii  MoMMEXT.  before  the  vision  in   hoth  directions, 


gl  KllKI     AMI    Vl(  IMTV. 


t;5 


rciifc  iiiid  St. 
f  A I  It'll  III!  Ill  tor 
IIS  Willi  on  till! 
M,  looiiliolt'il  tor 
a  licaw  tiipit* 
ii|i|ii'oa('li,    liiit 


AMl)XI>. 

miiversal  use  of 
in  tlit^  onliniir.v 
nirt'  no  stretch 
iractii'aily  tnins- 
orld,  anil  ni^''  '^ 
,    of    a     for«'ii,'u 

I  Citadel,  on  ac- 
,  is  siir|iassin,i,'Iy 
ive.  The  inajes- 
ve  with  sailing 
kind,  stretches 
lioth  directions, 


Meiiiiinii  like  a  l.aiid  of  t;liMeiiiim  in.'tal,  l»aiitityinK  the  Mcne  and 
givihg  allinuition  to  the  |iictlire.  hileetlv  l.eluw  lie  th.- cmh.U.mI  >,tieetK 
,,t'  thf  lower  town,  teeniinj,'  with  animation,  wliilf  ils  Ihinv  |in|Milntion 
XI  tar  lii'iieath,  seem  like  iii«mii's.  and  yon  look 
ii|iun  the  glisteiiinu'  roofs  of  the  houses  ami  down 
till-  very  throats  ..f  the  ehimiieys.  into  which  it 
would  seem  an  easy  matter  to  loss  ,i  |ielil.lc. 

Looking  to  the  wi-stwanl.  the  I'lairis  ot   Alua 
Ham  an-  sjiread  out  lief.ire  yon,  together  with  the 
hlllll's   sc;ilfd    l.y   Wolfe   and    his    l.rave  soldiers  ill 
the    iiri'|.aiation    for   tlu'   assault    that   eiid.d    in   a 
victory,  hut    cost    the    lives  of  hoth  commanders. 
'I'll.'   spot  where  Wolfe  fell    is  marked  hy  a  hand- 
some mniniment.      It  was  erected   in  lf<Ht.  Imt  is 
still   called   the  '•new  monument   '  in  dis- 
tinction  from  th''  sim|ile  monolitii  which 
picviously  occujiied  its  site,  an  illnstiatioii 
of  which'is  given  on  the  jireceding  jMige. 
till'  new  monument   hears  the  simple  hut 
■"*"*"     clo(|uent    insciiiition.  •■  Here  died   Wolfe, 
victorious.'      I  )irectly  across  the   river  is 
the     settlement    of    I'oilit     Levi, 
and  down  the  stream  the  lieau- 
tiful     Isle   of    Orleans   may   ho 
seen.       This    pleasant    resort 
may  he   reached    hy  ferry  from 
the  city,  and  it  atl'ords  delight- 
ful  dri'es.  giving  views  of  th) 
Falls  of  Montniorenci.  the  Laii- 
rentiaii    .Mountains,  and    other 
ohjects  of  interest. 

Chaudiere  Falls,  nine  miles* 
ahove  (ihiehec,  on  the  river  of 
the  same  name,  are  i:?'*  feet 
hiyh  and  HIH  feet  wide.  Tho 
Falls  and  Indian  village  of 
Lorette,  seven  miles  from  Que- 
hec,  are  points  to  which  ex- 
cursions may  he  protitaldy 
made,  either  hy  carriage  or  t\w  North  Shore  Hallway. 

Other  iioints  of  interest  in  and  ahout  guehee  demand  at  least  a 
hrief  mention.  The  Dutlerin  Terrace,  which  will  I  e  included  m  the 
visit  to  the  Plains  of  Ahraham,  as  will  also  the  (iovernor's  thirdeii, 
where  the  monument  to  Wolfe  and  Montcalm  will  he  seen  ;  the  trench 
Cathedral  ;  the  Laval  Seminarv,  in  the  chapel  of  which  are  some  very 
tine  paintings:  the  English  Cathedral,  near  hy  ;  the  Ursuhne  Con- 
vent •    the  puhlic  huildings  in  the  lower  town,  and    others  which  tiie 


WOI.FE'S    NEW    MOM  MENT. 


I'M, Ml-;    (iATi;,    (^lEIlKC. 


>1  .     I.(H"1>    (.  \  IK,    1^1  Mini'. 


mv 


FAM-S    or    .MilXTMoHK.M'l. 

,l,iv..r  will  point  ...U  to  you,  are  of  sumcij.nt  int.j.vst  to  •■;'';:;''  'Vyj 
of  s..v..ml  .I'.ys  aur.tion,  or  tl..-y  may  1.-   l.ur.n-.Uy  .ns,...c-t.-a  in  ..      li 

THE  FALLS   OF  MONTMORENCl 


07 


of 
ing  tiii 

X.vnnon.Ml.pmost  int^ivstin-  of  tl,.-  ol,i,rls  wln.-h   s.cn.v  the  visits 
^' ;,;;;;-st:to  C,n..l....  ..otl.  on  account   of  thci.-  own  Ij;;-^-;^,:- 

the    i.lcasant    .Irivc    l-V  which    they  arc   ivachcl.       Ihc      ^aiteis 
Unci  ;  m.asnunuMousastl.osc  ..f  M  .nt.val.  an.l   the   roads   aroun. 
:  ^vn-lin  the  country  a.liaccnt  arc  among  the  hncst    to   be   f.n,m 
^  .here.      Securiuu   vour   -l.ivcr,   you    leave  the  c.ty  l.v   one   ot    the 
;...ul.  crossing  the  St.  Charles   Kiver.  are   soon    nj    ^  h^"'"", - 
•^       in      ,  re -ma   there  a   house  or  villa    of  modern   styh'.  hut  speclilv 

Z^       •   helell;;:  of  th .ent  ;    the  roa,!  leading  .l.-'^l'  M--^ 

.Unlets,  the  cottages  with  their  picMHes,,ue  dornxer  wnnlo... 

thatchcl-roofcd  outhuildings,  and  the   peasant-hke  appearance  ot   tl  ■ 

,le.cond,im.d  with  the   universal   en.ployn.ent  of  the   trench   la    - 

Tu     e   streu.'then  the  famA"  for  the  time  l.eing  that    A.uenca  n.ust   he 

f     ?;  ;^    a,^  that  the  rund  district,  of  France  or  Swlt^erland  are  the 


FUFNCU    CANADIAN    HOME. 

scenesthromih  which  your  trip  is  made.     ( 'hildr.-n  run  l.esid.   the  car- 
riage, asking  alms  or  oH\.ring  tlowers.  while  the  women  and  ^^^^'^'f^-^^ 
ar."at  work  in  the  tiehls.  or  spirning  wvth  their  rud.;  wh..els  ni     h 
:  ;.n  doorways  or  on  the  :  orches  of  ti.e  little  houses.      J  he  ant,.,-  J. 
i '    ,ien...nts  of  agriculture,  the  nnle  ...rts  hy  the  roadside,  and  the      sti.. 
crosses  hv  the  wav,  at  which  some  d.'vout   pilgrim,  pcicnance,  is  taitv 


iiiy  to  1)1 
rt'inotev  a 
tliiig,  inoi 

111.!     ■ 

Moiitinoi 

M't'llP   1)1"  t 

tiiial  vict 
tvi-  fur  til 
of  t!..'  ri' 

OVCl'  till' 

r)0  ftM't,  ;i 
siil)litut', 

lilt'   1 

several  \ 
some  clef 
cart,  pre^ 

Retu 
peculiar 
tioTi  wit 
(iietal-L'O 
tortiiouH 
(luces  u 

If  y. 
poet,  us^ 


Thii^ 
1-20  nii 
graiiil  i 
a  ins. 
reiice  U 
iieiiay  a 
exj)eiise 
of  fashi 

Lea 
sceneiT 
in  somt 
islands, 
that  na 
Islaml 
is  passi 
It  recei 
tlionsai 

Nil 


KAM-S    OF    MONTMOltK.V'Ol. 


69 


^,=^":'-  3K^"^ 


in«  to  }.reathe  a  rat,;-  Xo><fer,  all  ton.l  to  oiupl.-l.-  tlu-  illusion  of  a 
reraotei-  age  or  luoiv  .listaiit  i-liuif  tban  tli--  f.-w  horns  lul.-  t.o.u  bns- 
tliiig.  mo.lorn,  Yankw"  civilization.  .  ,  ,     ,    .  ,     ,,      ,.•...,. 

Iht-  ride  of  eight  miles  all  too  .,.uckly  l.nngs  you  to  tlii;  Kn  -i 
MontinoiviK-i,  an.l  here  you  gaze  u,.on  l.istori_e  groun.l.  it  '»•'">'  |.'»^ 
.scene  of  the  l.attl.;  of  Montniorenci  which  iuune.hately  preccl.-.l  W  olte  s 
final  victory  at  Quel.ec.  Leaving  your  carriage,  au.l  paying  a  small 
fee  for  the  privilege  of  crossing  private  groun.ls.  you  .lescen.  tne  l.ank 
of  the  river  to  look  up  at  the  fall  from  i.eloNV.  Ihe  river  here  pour.s 
over  tlieditf  into  the  St.  Lawrence,  l.roa.lening  at  the  e.g.-  to  al.ou 
r.O  feet,  an.l  falling  -.'.^.O,  in  a  sheeny  vail,  half  water,  halt  spray,  not 
.sul.lime.  nor  even  graml,  hut  exquisitely  l.eautitul. 

The  towers  on  eith.'r  shh-  of  the  river  still  mark  the  spot  where, 
several  vears  ago.  =i  s.ispension  l.ri.lge  was  erected,  hut  which,  through 
some  defect,  ga've  Avay  as  a  laborer  and  his  family  were  crossing  m  a 
cart,  precipitating  them  into  the  gult  lielow.  ,■  ,   ,      .1 

Returning  to"  Quebec,  the  views  of  the  city  are  enlivened  by  the 
peculiar  feature  of  glistening  towers  and  roofs,  so  noticeable  in  coniu-c- 
tion  with  many  Canadian  cities.  The  sunlight,  glancing  troin  he 
,netal-covered  roofs,  spires,  and  dormer  windows,  which  owing  to  the 
tortuous  windings  of  the  streets,  are  s.'t  at  every  conceivable  angle,  pro- 
duces a  brilliant  ami  sparkling  effect.  ,       .-  ,, 

If  vou  are  ev.>r  tempted  to  in  '..ilge  in  sentnuent,  tlie  words  ot  the 
poet,  used  to  describe  the  Celestial  city,  may  come  into  iinn.l  :- 

»'  There  is  the  city  in  splendor  sabll  no ; 
See  how  its  towers  and  l)attloinfnts  shiiR-." 

THE  SAGUENAY   RIVER. 

This  is  the  largest  allluent  of  the  St.  Lawrence,  which  it  joins  about 
l-2(i  miles  below  Quebec.  The  scenery  of  the  Sagiienay  is  strikingly 
grand  and  romantic,  an.l  unlik.'  nything  else  east  ot  the  Loeky  -M.Mint- 
ains.  It  is  usualh  visite.l  by  boat,  an.l  the  trip  .lown  the  St.  Law- 
rence t..  Tadousac.'at  the  junction  of  the  two  streams,  an.l  up  the  Sag- 
uenav  among  its  bold,  wild  scenery,  should  not  be  omitted,  even  at  the 
expense  of  sligliting  some  other  point  of  interest  lying  in  the  highways 
of  fashionable  travel.  1    1 1    « 

Leaving  Quebec  bv  steamer,  you  pass  through  some  remarkably  tine 
scenery,  in  which  the'  majestic  St.  Lawrence  aboun.ls.  the  river  being 
in  some  places  thirty  miles  in  width,  and  dotted  with  a  multitu.le  of 
islan.ls.  aboun.ling  in  game.  The  Falls  of  St.  Anne  are  on  the  river  ot 
that  name,  which  enters  the  St.  Lawrence  off  the  lower  end  of  OrleiUis 
Islan.l  through  a  bold  ravine.  The  quarantine  station  on  Grosse  Isle 
is  passe.l,  and  is  associated  with  sad  memories  of  the  famine  m  Ireland. 
It  received  twenty  thousand  plague-stricken  emigrants,  ot  whom  six 
thousan.l  now  lie  in  a  single  grave,  marke.l  by  a  stone  monument. 

Ninety  miles  below  Quebec  is  the  fashional>le  wateruig  place  known 


nilCAGO   TO   THE   SEA. 


\r. 


.' my  Bay.  The  livtT  Is  licio  twenty  miles  wide,  and  tlie  tides 
liave  a  ranjje  of  twenty  feet  in  heiglit.  On  ^e  south  sliore  of  the  river, 
still  further  down,  is  Riviere  du  Loup,  a  jdaee  oi"  sonic  importance,  and 
six  miles  below  it  is  ('acoiina.  alrt-idy  <|uite  famous  as  a  i)leasure  resort, 
and  yearly  inereasiuf;  in  popidaritv.  Across  the  river  i'rom  ('acouna 
is  Tadousac,  at  the  mouth  of  the  fir-famed  Saguenay,  formerly  a  place 
of  some  eommeivial  importance  as-,  a  post  of  the  Hudson  Bay  Company, 
and  one  of  the  tirst  towns  on  the  St.  liawrence  fortified  liy  the  Frt-ncli. 
It  hits  a  good  hotel,  near  wliicli  is  a  little  iliureh  over  "J.")**  years  old. 


TADOr.-AC,   AT    Mdl  TH    Of    ^Au^■E^■AV    KIVEK. 

The  Saguenay  Hiver  is  remarkalde,  not  only  for  its  gre.it  depth. 
but  also  for  the  marvelous  height  of  its  lianks.  It  seems  to  How 
through  a  rift  in  the  La\irentian  Mountains,  whicii  appear  to  be  cleft, 
as  it  were,  to  the  very  foundations,  the  height  of  the  clitl's  rising  fiom 
the  edge  of  the  river  being  ecpialed  (miy  by  the  deptii  to  which  th<'y 
(h'scend  below  the  surface.  The  source  of  the  river  is  \'M)  miles  frnm 
its  junction  with  the  St.  Lawrence,  in  Lake  St.  John,  which  is  fed  by 
eleven  rivers,  drainiiig  an  immense  watershed,  the  great  volume  re- 
sultant pouring  throuirh  this  remarkable  gorge,  in  many  places  unfath- 
omable. At  St.  John's  r.ay.  -7  miles  above  Tadousac.  the  watei-  is 
one  mile  ami  a  half  in  depth,  and  but  little  less  ,it  Kternity  I  Jay.  six 
miles  Ix'vond.  At  the  latter  ]ilace.  the  wondeiful  capes.  Trinity  and 
Kternity!  like  giant  sentinels  guard  the  entrance,  rising  1, . "1(1(1  und  l,tt(H» 
feet,  resjiectively,  alio\''  the  water. 

Ha-lla  Bay  is  sixty  miles  above  Ta<l(nisae.  and  is  nine  miles  long  by 
six  wide.  It  has  also  been  nameil  Grand  Hay.  The  tirst-nanu'd  title 
is  said  to  hav((  come  from  the  exclamations  of  delight  which  sprung 
from  the  lips  of  the  navigatois  of  the  river  on  its  discovery  :  and  in 
contrast  with  the  gloomy  and  forbi<lding  aspect  of  the  lower  portions 


of  the  ri 
natural, 
or  blueb 
with  the 


t;^l«j«i 


tiful  har 
tending 
sujiply  I 


,  aJld  tlif  tides 
loro  of  the  river. 
im[)ortiince.  iiiid 

])it'iisure  resort, 

i'rtmi  ( 'acoiiiiii 

formerly  a  jilace 

,  l?uy  Coiujuiiiy, 

liy  tile  Freiicli. 

>0  veiirs  old. 


TIIK    S.\(il  KXAV    UIVKH. 


^^\ 

'^S^Kfif^-;  1 

■  ---•» 

fW^^py 

'-'--r 

V-'r'^'». 

'-'•y 

■?'t.'v$-.-.- 

its  <,'l-eiit  dejitll, 
t  sei'lJls  to  How 
leiii'  to  lie  elet't, 
•litis  risiuf,'  from 
li  tf)  wliieli  they 

l;!il  miles  from 
wliieh  is  fed  liy 
ie.it  volume  re- 
V  plaees  iiiifath- 
ae.  tlie  watei'  is 
teniity  liay.  six 
pes.  Trinity  and 

l,:>(i(iiuid'l, '.'<"» 

lie  miles  loni;  liy 
tirst-nanie<l  title 
it  wliieh  s|iriiiii; 
<eoveiy  :  and  in 
lowei'  jiortions 


of  the  river,  it  would  seem  that  sneli  an  oiitluirst  mijilit  lie  perfeetly 
natural.  The  mountains  aiduiid  lla  Ha  I'ay  aliound  in  whortlelierries, 
or  liluelierries.  as  they  are  here  ealled,  and  a  very  imiioiiaiit  imliistry 
with  the  natives  is  tiie  tratherinj,'  and  slii|inient  t( rket  of  the  lioiin- 


IIA-HA    HAY,    SAOrii.NAY    KlVEll. 

tiful  ha^v^^st  tbns  kin<lly  furnished  by  nature,  the  iiieking  season  ex- 
tending from  the  middle  of  July  until  tht!  falling  of  tlu;  snow,  and  the 
suji[ily  being  inexhaustible. 


I  Al'ES    ETEUMTV    AMI    TIlIXITV. 


72 


CHICAUO    TO    TIIK    >iK\. 


Ohifoutiiin,  a  tVw  miles  hcyoml,  is  at  tlio  heail  of  navifjatioii,  the 
river  ht'ing  ohstnu'tcd  aliovcthis  jxiint  l)y  lajiids  and  .'alls.  Luiiibciing 
is  one  of  its  important  industries,  tin-  immense  forests  if  the  vii-mity  be- 
ing as  yet  almost  in  tlieir  virgin  state,  and  the  harlior  aeeessilde  to  the 
largest  vessels,  thus  giving  it  natmal  facilities  of  i;reat  value. 

The  tisliing  in  tlie  Haguenay 
lUver  and  its  tributaries  is  one 
of  the  ehief  a(  tractions  to  the 
sportsman.  Salmon  aliound,  and 
the  (|uality  of  the  tish  taken  fioui 
suL-li  dee]),  colli  water  can  readily 
lie  inferred  by  thi?  disciples  of 
Walton,  tiame  also  abounds  in 
the  foi'ests.  .«iime  sjiecimens  being 
well  worthy  of  the  skill  and 
nerve  of  the  trained  hunter. 

A  stiulent  of  character  will 
tind  an  interesting  subject  in  the 
person  of  the  Canadian  Indian, 
to  be  met  in  various  localities  in 
Oanadii.  Combining  with  his 
native  craft  the  shrewdness  of 
a  Connecticut  Yankee,  he  will 
often  appear  in  the  role  of  a 
vender  of  curiosities,  in  wliich 
"taking"  attitude  our  artist  pre- 
sents him. 

In  closing  our  notes  on  the 
Haguenay,  we  feel  that  but  faint 
justice  can  be  done  to  its  won- 
derful attractions.  It  has  been 
tersely  described  by  a  writer  as 
a  "region  of  primeval  grandeur, 
where  art  has  done  notliing  and 
nature  everything  ;  where,  at  a 
single  bound,  civilization  is  left 


^ 


INDIAN    CUKIOSITV    SELLER. 


behind  and  nature  staiuls  in  unadorned  majesty  ;  where  Alps  on  Alps 
arise  ;  where,  over  unfathomable  depths,  through  mountain  gorges, 
the  steamer  ploughs  the  .'ark  tlood  on  which  no  sign  of  animal  life  ap- 
ijears.  "  A  better  summing  up  of  its  peculiar  features,  in  so  few  words, 
could  not  be  written,  and  the  tourist  who  visits  the  scenes  we  have 
brietly  described  will  indulge  in  no  regrets,  unless  it  be  that  want  of 
time  to  do  justice  to  the  trip  gives  only  huriied  glances  where  hours 
and  days  might  be  enjoyed  in  realizing  the  subUme  grandeur  of  the 
surroundings. 


ron 
thii 


ooiiKNsnnui  to  1'ohti,an1). 


7:1 


of  navifiiitiou,  the 
.'"iill.s.  Lunilx'ring 
s  )1"  the  vioiiiity  btv 
()/•  iiwt'SHililr  ti)  tilt' 
'lit  value. 

ig  in  tlie  Haguenay 
i  tiilintaiies  is  one 
attraftions  to  the 
lainion  al)oiin(l,  and 
tlie  tisli  taken  from 
(1  water  can  readily 
ly  tilt?  tlisciples  tif 
Mie  altso  ahoiinils  in 
int?  .specimens  lieintt 
of  the  skill  anil 
rained  Ininter. 
t  t)f  character  will 
sting  snliject  in  tiie 
■  Canadian  Jntlian. 
various  localities  in 
jiniiining  with  his 
the  shrewdness  of 
it  YanktM',  he  will 
in  the  rtile  of  a 
triosities,  in  which 
itude  our  artist  pre- 

g  onr  notes  on  the 
>  ft;el  that  but  faint 
le  done  to  its  won- 
tions.  It  has  been 
ibetl  by  a  writer  as 
primeval  grandeur, 
IS  tlone  nothing  anil 
thing  ;  where,  at  a 
I,  civilization  is  left 
where  Alps  on  Alps 
li  mountain  gorges, 
;n  of  animal  life  ap- 
res,  in  so  few  words, 
the  scenes  we  have 
it  1)6  that  want  of 
tlances  where  hours 
ime  urandeur  of  the 


OmleiMuro  to  Porfhind, 


'He  route  by  tht^  "all-rail"  line  from  the  St.  l.i'.wrence  at 
Odgensliurg  to  the  ocean  at  Port'antl,  pre.sents  many  attrae- 
tittns  to  the  pleasure  totn-i.st,  whicii  we  Avvxn  wi>rthy  *)f  sjiecial 
nientit)!!  in  this  conntiction.  As  an  avenue  of  approach  to  tho 
Atlironilacks,  Chateaugay  Chasm,  tlie  Green  Mountains  of  Ver- 
mont, and  the  White  Mountains  of  New  Hami)ahire,  it  offers  a 
combination  of  desirable  routes  for  smnmer  travel.  Indeed,  the 
entire  lino  extends  through  a  succession  of  lake,  river,  antl  mountain 
scenm-y,  of  charming  beauty  antl  variety. 

Thk  Adihondacks  are  best  reached  by  way  of  Malone,  a  station 
on  the  Ogdensburg  &  Lake  Champlain  Railroatl,  about  sixty  miles 
from  Ogdenslmig.  "  From  here  an  excellent  stage  line  takes  the  tourist 
to  the  AtUrondack  Wihlerness,  by  way  of  Ayer's,  Loon  Lake,  Meachara 
Lake,  and  St.  Kegis,  the  latter  being  the  location  of  "Paul  Smith's" 
famous  hostelry.  CuATEAVtiAY,  a  station  twelve  miles  east  t)f  italone, 
is  another  gateway  to  the  famous  resort,  the  stages  going  via  the  Cha- 
teaugay Lakes. 

The  "  Adirondack  District  "  is  a  term  applied  to  a  tract  ot  coimtry 
having  for  its  general  l)t)untlaries  the  St.  Lawrence  River  on  the  north, 
Lakes  Champlain  antl  George  on  the  east,  the  Mohawk  River  on  the 
south,  and  the  Black  River  on  the  west.  The  encroachments  of  civili- 
zation have  so  trenchetl  upon  these  hountlaries,  that  the  "Wilderness," 
so  called,  comprises  only  the  central,  unsettletl  and  \mcultivated  por- 
tion of  this  tract,  almost  in  its  primeval  state,  with  a  border  of  settled 
country  on  all  sides.  The  limits  of  this  work  forbid  an  extended  de- 
scription of  this  region,  which  as  yet  is  only  partially  explored.  In- 
deed, one  of  its  chief  tlelights  consists  in  the  new  discoveries  that  the 
venturesome  tourist  may  make  in  his  search  for  the  game  which 
abounds  in  its  forests,  or  the  tish  which  teem  in  its  waters. 

The  following,  from  the  report  of  the  Superintendent  of  the  Adi- 
rondack Survey,  gives  a  good  idea  of  the  character  of  some  portions  of 
this  wilderness : — 

"  In  these  remote  sections,  filled  with  rugged  mountains,  where  un- 
named waterfalls  pour  in  snowy  tresses  from  the  daik,  overhanging 
clitfs,  the  horse  can  iind  no  footing,  and  the  atlventurous  trapper  or  ex- 
plorer must  carry  upon  his  back  his  blankets  antl  a  heavy  stock  of 
food.  His  ritle,  which  uffortls  protection  against  wild  beasts,  at  times 
replenishes  his  well-hwsbantletl  provisions,  and  his  axe  aids  him  in  con- 
structing from  bark  or  bouiih.  some  temporary  shelter  from  storm,  or 
hews  into  logs  the  huge  trees  which  form  the  tierce,  roaring,  ct)mforta- 
ble  fire  of  the  camp.      Yet,  though  the  woodman  may  pass  his  life- 


74 


ClIICAUO   T(t    TIIK    SKA. 


time  in  hoiiic  sfftion  of  tlic  wildcint'ss,  it  is  still  a  iiiystcrv  to  iiiiii. 
*  *  It  is  a  jM'ciiliiir  ivi.'iuii  :  tor  tiion^ili  tiic  ^'fo;rraiiliicai  .ciitcr  of 
t\w  wild.Tiicss  iiiMV  l.r  rcuiilv  ami  easily  ivarlir.l  in  ill.'  Ii«;lit.  •anof  lik.- 
lioats  of  tlic  jiuiilcs.  l.y  lakes" antl  rivers,  wliieli  foini  a  lal.uiiitl;  of  jias- 
sa;,'es  for  lioats.  til'.'  core,  or  ratlier  cores  of  this  wildeiiiesH  exttml  ()ii 
either  hand  from  these  I. road  avenues  of  water,  and.  in  their  interior. 
Hjiots  rem.Mii  to-da\  is  ndrodden  liy  man.  and  as  unknown  and  wild. 
Hs  whun  ,        'nd=       ,  iddled  his  l.irehen    hoat    npni  those  streams  aud 


waters 
the  St. 
■  :litfs.  tl 
(.•ascado 
chasm  1 
exliiliit 
saiidstc 
•'(iiant 


CASCAUE    A^U    BUTIKESS. 

lakes.  Amid  these  mountain  solitudes  are  places  where,  in  all  proha- 
bility,  the  foot  of  man  never  trod  ;  and  here  the  panther  has  his  den 
among  the  rocks,  and  rears  liis  savage  kittens  undisturbed,  save  by  the 
growl  of  bear  or  screech  of  lynx,  or  tlie  bourse  croak  of  raven  taking 
its  share  of  the  carcass  of  slain  deer." 

A  mile  and  a  half  north  of  t'hateangay  is  the  wonderful  Chateai- 
<:av  Chasm,  a  newlv  disco\ered  rival  of  the  far-fameil    Ausable.     The 


lystiTV  to  Imii. 
liii'ul  fcntcr  of 
liijlit.  ■••■iiioi'likf 
iti\  riiitl:  of  |nis- 
iicss  fxtt  Mil  on 
II  tlifir  iiiti'i'ior, 
iiowM  mill  wilil. 
osc  strt'iuiis  iiuil 


OiiliKN'Slil  1(11    Til    I'OKTI.AMI. 


75 


leio,  in  ill!  prolm- 

itln'r  liiis  his  iliMi 

I'bcil.  siivtj  liy  till' 

of  niven  taking 

iiderful  CiiATEAi - 
(I   Aiisablf.     Till' 


wiitt'VM  of  till' Cliiitraiiyiiy  Lakes  licri"  Hnil  a  |)assa>{i'  on  tlii'ir  way  to 
the  Kt.  Lawrence,  tliroiigli  a  narrow  gor<{e,  walled  in  l>y  sanilstone 
.iUrs,  th(i  river  in  one  |)laui  niakin<{  a  ileseent  of  tifty  feet  in  a  Iteantiful 
I'asfaile.  Several  of  tlie  more  noticealile  features  of  this  woniloi-fiil 
cliasiii  are  presented  in  our  illustrations.  The  "Caseadn  and  Miittress" 
exliiliits  an  aiipearance  of  const ru(;tive  desiyn,  a.;  layer  iiiion  layer  of 
sandstone  rock  forms  a  terraced  liuttress,  resemliliiii,'  some  ancient  ruin, 
■•(iiant  (.Jor;;e  "  is  a  narrow  defile,  with  frownin;;  walls,  haviiif;  the  ro- 


GIANT    GOHOE  — HULl'IT    llocK. 

inantic  and  interestinj,'  feature  of  a  cavern,  called  "  Vulcan's  Cave," 
with  an  entrance  in  tiie  side  of  the  rock,  si.xty  feet  aliove  the  river,  and 
one  hundred  and  twenty  feet  below  the  top  of  the  cliH".  Jt  was  first 
explored  by  means  of  spliced  ladders,  but  is  now  reached  by  an  en- 
closed stairway.      It  is  about  thirty  feet  scpuire,  and  presents  an  inter- 


fe 


OlIICAtm    Tn    TIIK    SKA. 


pstilli;  stildv  t'ur  tlic  irc(il(i;rist.  Tlir  cave  was  ilonlitlfss  liollowfd  nut  (if 
tlif  srui'lstdiif  l>y  tilt'  lift  ion  of  wiitiT  wlii.li  Iri.'klfil  .lowii  tliioiij;li  tlic 
lc(l).r.'  aliovf  in  tiny  stivains.  wcarini;  away  tlif  softer  stoni-  I'V  >lo\v  dc 
givi's.  >in<l  l<'iivinj,''tli<'  masses  of  liiirdtT  ilc|iosit  in  a  vaiii-ty  »f  Hiii;.'Mlar 
anil   yrotfsinif   sliaiics.      A    seiii's   of   aivliitirtnral    i.iilafs,  snpi-oi  lin^' 


BPARTAN    PASS  — RAINBOW    KAI.L8. 

jfothk-  aiches  or  miniature  dormer  windows,  may  l)0  seen  on  the  one 
hand,  and  at  certain  angles,  odd  and  fantastic  figures,  some  of  them 
half  human  in  ajipearance.  present  themselves,  while  liere  and  there  a 
block  of  stone  aiii>ears  like  the  unfinished  work  of  tlie  sculptor. 

"  Si)artan  Pass  "  and  "  Rainbow  Basin  an<l  Falls  "  are  peculiarly 
interesting,  the  water  tlescending  to  tlie  basin  over  a  .succession  of 
rocky  ste[>s,  nearly  a  liundred  in  number,  coming  to  a  rest  in  the 
"  basin,"  only  ^o  dash  on  again,  in  ever-changing  foims  and  merry  ca- 
dence, in  their  race  through  the  gorge,  to  the  Ht.  Lawrence.     "  Pioneer 


<  'ros 
>pan 

liess. 
NlVH 

out. 
ail'or 


love 
erec 
sjde 
trail 

is  n 
Geo 


IKillKNsmiKI   TO    I'HIITI  \M>. 


s  liolliiwi'il  nut  (if 
lowii  tlll()li;,'ll  tlic 
<tiiiir  I'V  >li)\V  clc- 
iiiicty  of  Hin<.'nliir 
illin'N,  sii|i|ioi tiller 


)«  seen  on  tlie  one 
res,  HOino  of  tlieiii 
1  here  uiul  there  a 
le  sculptor, 
s "  are  i)eculiarly 
)r  a  .succession  of 
to  a  it'st  in  tlie 
ma  and  merry  ca- 
vrniice.     "  Pioneer 


<'rnssilii,'"  recciM'S  its  ii;nili'  frniii  tlie  fiict  that  ill  I'lil'ly  times  il  Inidue 
s|i;mniMl  tlic  I'liiiMii,  on  wliat  wns  tlu'ii  tlif  <iVi-.\t  liiu'liwav  of  thi'  wililrr- 
iifss.  On  tlic  hiMih  siilc  of  tills  crussiiii,'  m  Iim;,'c  rock  iiU'oiiU  iin  cxtcn- 
>i\c  view  of  the  j;ori;e,  fioiii  wliicii  fuct  it  1ms  liecn  iiiuiu'il  Point  Look- 
oiit.  In  other  jiiirts  of  the  ( 'liiiNin,  yiottoes,  iirelu's,  coliinin^.  I'lc, 
ail'oril   siilijects  of   study  for  the  emioiis.    ami  of  inlniiiiil  ion    for   tin- 


PIONEKn   CROSSING— POINT    I.OOKOCT. 

lovers  of  the  odd  and  fantastic  in  natin-e.  A  tine  hotel  has  been 
erected  near  the  entrance  to  the  chasm,  from  the  cupola  of  which 
splendid  views  may  be  had  of  the  scenery.  Coaches  connect  with 
trains  at  Chateaugay. 

At  House's  Point,  the  terminus  of  the  ().  &  L.  C.  R.  R.,  connection 
is  made  with  the  Delaware  it  Hudson  (Janal  Co.  Railroad  for  Lake 
George,  Saratoga,  Troy,  Albany,  and  New  York,  and  with  the  Central 


78 


ClIK'AdO    TO    TIIK    MKA. 


Vermont  f(ir  Ht,  All>iiim,  Wom'Htcr,  Providt-nce  inid  RoHtoii.  Contin- 
uing our  journey  towanl  I'ortliind,  we  liere  triiveise  a  Hniiill  ]>oitioti  of 
the  Central  Vermont  Uailroad  to  Hwantt)n,  wlioro  connection  is  nuide 
with  the 

ST.  JOHNSBURY   &   LAKE  CHAMPLAIN   RAILROAD, 

Tho  next  Unit  in  the  line  under  eonsich-rat ion.  The  route  from  Rouh^'h 
Point,  via  Laite  (.'liam|iiain,  is  exceedinjfly  pleasant,  the  scenery  being 

that  of  tlie  lovely  lake,  and  the  <ii n  Mountains  of  Vermont.     SilKl.- 

DON  Si'iilNds  are  on  the  line  of  this  road,  and  it  is  also  a  direct  nuitt^ 
to  Mot'NT  Manskiki.k.  Hoth  ilu'se  localities  have  ac»|uirod  no  little 
celehrity  as  summer  resorts. 

At  Morrisville,  connection  is  luade  for  Mount  Manstiehl  hy  stage 
line,  and  su>-h  as  wish  to  visit  tht^  locality  will  lind  tin  excellent  .sto|>- 
l»ing  ])lace  at  Mt.  Mansfield  House.  The  mouMtuin  is  in  the  town  of 
Stowe,  ahout  twenty  miles  northeast  of  Mouti)elicr,  ami  i's  h>'igiit  is 
4,:$r)'.'  feet  ahove  the  level  of  the  sea. 

The  Green  AfountainH  of  Vermont  are  a  portion  of  the  gntat  A\)]m- 
lachian  range,  extending  almost  continuously  from  near  the  St.  Law- 
rence River,  ill  Canada,  through  the  entire  length  of  Vermont,  across 
the  western  part  of  Massachu.setts  and  the  middle  Atlantic  States,  to 
the  northern  |)art  of  Alahama.  Tlu^  White  Mountains  of  New  Hamii- 
shiie,  and  the  Adirondacks  and  Catskills  of  New  York  are  regarded  lis 
outlying  spurs  of  thin  chain.  This  range  is  remarkahlo  for  the  uni- 
formity of  oulline  which  characterizes  tiie  ditlerent  peakM,  i)articularly 
of  their  siunmits.  the  ridges  extetiding  in  the  same  general  direction, 
sometimes  hardly  diverging  from  a  straight  lint  for  a  distance  of  fifty 
or  sixty  miles.  Where  the  mountain  chains  are  parallel,  tho  ridges  are 
also  in  parallel  lines,  preserving  their  general  direction,  and,  to  a  won- 
derful (extent,  a  uniformity  of  ilistHnce  between  them.  When  one 
curves  lound  in  a  new  direction,  all  curve  with  it. 

These  general  jteculiarities  are  loss  marked  in  the  mountains  of  Ver- 
mont than  in  the  more  aoutherly  portions  of  the  same  chain.  In  fact, 
the  peculiar  characteristics  of  the  range,  as  a  whole,  are  le.ss  marked  at 
both  its  northern  and  southern  extremities,  the  termination  at  either 
end  not  being  well  defined,  as  tht  mountains  sink  away  and  are  lost  in 
the  hilly  country  that  succee<ls  to  them. 

The  Green  Mountain  ijeaks  are  also  less  bold  and  abrupt  than  those 
of  the  Whit(^  Mountains,  being  covered  mostly  with  verdure  to  theii- 
very  summits,  and  presenting  less  of  sharp  or  ragged  outline  in  their 
general  conformation.  To  many  visitors,  this  feature  is  pleasii>g  and 
agreeable,  and  a  large  class  of  summer  tourists  spend  a  portion  or  all 
of  the  season  in  the  vicinity  of  the  "beautiful  hills"  of  the  "Green 
Mountain  State." 

At  St.  Johnsbury  the  line  intersects  the  tassumpsic  Railroad,  and 
a  description  of  the-  route  from  this  point  will  be  given  in  the  following 
chapter,  in  connection  with  the  trip  from  Quebec  and  Montreal. 


loHton.  f'oiitin- 
Illllll  iMti'tioii  of 
inotion  is   iiuiilo 


LROAD, 

itt)  from  Rouho'h 
10  MwdU'ry  Iwsiiig 
orniont.  SiiKi,- 
Ho  a  (lirt)ct  r()»it«i 
(|iiired  no  littlf 

nsHold   l>y  Ktup- 

♦sxeollpiit   .std))- 

1  ill  tlu!  town  of 

ml  i^H  li»'ij{lit  is 

tho  grtiiit  Apiiit- 
!iir  the  St.  lidw- 
Vnrmont,  acrosss 
tiantic  Stati'w,  to 
I  of  New  llaiiiji- 
;  aro  reganUMl  as 
l)lo  for  tlii^  mii- 
akM,  ])aitii'iilaily 
L'lieral  (lin-i-tioii, 
ilistanco  of  fifty 
el,  tho  ridges  are 
1,  and,  to  a  won- 
I'lu.     Wliim    ono 

loiintains  of  Vor- 
•  chain.  In  fact, 
•()  le.sH  marked  at 
[nation  at  either 
y  and  are  lo8t  in 

ibrupt  than  those 
verdure  to  theii' 

outline  in  their 
1  ia  pleasii>g  and 

a  portion  or  all 
'  of  the  "Green 

uc  Raihoad,  and 
1  in  the  following 
Montreal. 


f  i;e  B-feiT^^  ^ 


'_/  -J.-. J. 


ni 


Ij'VSMD^J^ 


..vv,.-^* 


HE  route  from  the  Wt^t  to  tlie 
.sealioai'd  rln  .Moutreiil  and  t^ue- 
lief,  'IS  iii'ranged  o\er  re(;eMlly  com- 
pleted lines  of  travel,  niituriilly 
extends  tliroiigli  the  ehiirniing  re- 
gion of  the  (•elel)rated  White  Mills 
of  New  llaiiipshir*'.  From  Mont- 
real, or  any  point  lieyoiid,  this 
jiopulur  resort  is  easy  of  access  liy 
.several  routes,  all  of  tliem  jiossess- 
ing  somt!  special  altivu'tioii  to  in- 
vite the  tourist  to  givotlieni  a  trial. 
F'roni  (.^uelii  r.  the  tourist  may  re- 
turn to  Montreal,  iiy  hoat  or  rail, 
• "      .  or  may    proceed    (lii(;ctly    to    (he 

mountains  hy  tiie  Qukhki;  Okntu.vl  Uailwav  to  Sheihrookcs  thence  fin. 
the  Passumpsic  Railroad  to  St.  Johnshiiry,  Hethlehem  and  Faliyans,  in 
tho  very  heart  of  tho  White  Mountain  region. 

If  tho  trij)  ho  made  by  way  of  Montreal,  tho  mountains  may  he  reached 
('/((  the  Grand  Trunk,  tho  Southeastern,  or  the  Centnil  Vfumont. 
The  route  hy  the  Grand  Trunk,  is  by  way  of  Gorham,  and  thi-  t^astern 
side  of  the  mountains.  By  the  Southeastern,  the  line  is  to  Newport 
uiul  St.  Johnsbury.  The  Central  Vermont  line  otters  t  vo  routes  ;  one 
to  ]\Iontpelier,  there  connecting  with  the  Montpdier  it  Wells  Hiver 
Railroad,  or  by  way  of  Swanton,  th(.'nce  by  the  Portland  anil  (Jgdens- 
lnug  line  to  St.  Johnsbury,  which  thus  seems  to  he  inatle  the  focus  of  all 
the  various  lines  having  the  same  general  direction,  and  leading  to  the 
mountain  region. 

At  Nkwpoht,  reached  li  the  Southeastern  from  Montreal,  or  the 
t^uebec  Central  from  Quebei .  the  celebrated  Lake  Memphremagog  is 
the  chief  attraction,  anil  tho  dining  station  is  at  the  splendid  hotel  bear- 
ing the  same  name  as  the  lake.  It  is  a  pojjular  summer  lesort,  and 
the  steamer  on  the  lake  makes  frequent  trips  for  thei  accommodation  of 
tourists.     Several  mountains,  comprising  Jay  Peak,  Owl's  Head,  Mount 


TUK    WHITE    MOINTAI.NS. 


81 


S^l 


^<ii 

vy 


'yPm 


m 


a 
o 

a 


Oxforil,  Mount  Eli'phimtis  iiiid  tlic  Willoui;hliy  Mountains  inc  among 
the  atti'actions  of  the  vicinity. 

St.  JoiiNsmitv  is  silnatcil  on  tlic  Pass>nn|)siL'  River,  at  tin-  intcrsoc- 
tion  of  tlio  Passiuiijisic  and  St.  Jolmsliuiy  iV  Lai^c  ('iiani)(lain  Kail- 
roads  ;  and  in  addition  to  the  attractiveness  of  its  location  from  a  scenic 
jioint  of  view,  it  lias  attained  much  ](rominence  as  a  mannfactming 
town,  tlie  heaviest  enterprise  in  that  direction  ))eiiig  the  ])rotluction  of 
the  celel)i'ate<l  Fairlianks  scales,  known  the  world  over  for  their  excel- 
lence and  cori'ectness.  The  St.  Johnsliury  House  and  Avenue  Hotel 
are  good  ])laees  of  entei-tainment. 

Eastward  from  St.  Johnsliury  the  route  lies  over  the  St.  Johnslmry 
A-  Lake  Champlain  Railroad  to  Lunentiurg,  the  western  terminus  of  the 
Foi-tland  di\ision  of  the  P.  it  ().  line.  From  this  point,  a  i  ide  of  an 
hoiu'  lirings  ns  into  the  \cry  midst  of  tlie  glorious  White  Tlilis.  and  in 
full  view  of  the  grand 

PRESIDENTIAL  RANGE, 

Strel;''hing  before  the  vision  in  a  glorious  ami  lieautiftd  pamu'ama,  with 
the  peerless  \VAsni.\(iToN  aliove  them  all.  This  ajiproacli  to  the  mount- 
ains atiords  the  most  '•om])rehensive  view  of  the  piincijial  i-anyc  :  and 
the  Westerner,  who  has  always  lieen  accustomed  to  liroad  expanses  of 
ju'airie,  with  no  gicater  elevations,  peiha])s,  than  the  height  of  an  ordi- 
nary chnrch  steejile,  will  he  jteculiarly  nu|(ressed  with  the  grandeur  of 
tlie  .scene  liefore  him. 

The  first  imiiortant  station  is  Bkthi.kiikm  Jinctiox,  three  miles 
from  Hethlelieni  village,  the  "))aradise  of  hay-fever  siitierevs."  This 
lovely  hamlet  enjoys  the  distinction  of  having  the  highe.st  location  of 
any  town  in  the  I'nited  States  east  of  the  Rockies  and  north  of  the 
Carolinas  ;  and  the  remarkable  purity  of  itsatmosjihere  not  only  secures 
exemption  from  the  peculiar  malady  which  drives  .so  many  to  its  jn'o- 
te^ction.  hut  lieightens  the  effect  of  the  views  to  he  had  of  the  surround- 
ing country.  Owing  to  its  commanding  jiosition,  and  the  remaikalde 
clearness  of  the  atmosphere,  the  viv'W  of  the  mountains  from  "  Beth 
lelu'in  Street  "  is  confessedly  the  best  to  be  had  anywhere. 

The  village  is  rendered  accessible  to  the  traveler  by  means  of  a  x^'- 
cently  constructed  narrow-gauge  railroad,  from  Bethlehem  Junction  to 
the  end  of  the  "  street."  About  miilway  on  the  line  of  this  road  is  the 
magniticeiit  hotel  known  as  ^[.M'l.KWoon,  kept  in  superb  style,  and  at 
its  terminus  is  the  well-known  Sixclaiu  Hoisk,  Duigin  iv  Fox  pro- 
prietors. In  addition  to  these  jialace  hotels,  a  liost  of  smaller  ones,  and 
a  long  list  of  boarding  lionse>.  furnish  abiding  places  for  the  inultitudeH 
who  "t:!   ry  for  a  night."  or  make  this  ]ilaee  their  summer  home. 

l)elhU-hem  is  also  the  I'ailroad  connectiini  for  the  famous  FkaX'.:oxia 
Notch,  by  nutans  of  a   narrow-gauge    railroad,  extending  into  the  val- 
ley and  terminating  near  the  Profile   House.     The   attractions   of  this 
ocality  are  sufficiently  im|)ortant   to  demand    special   notice   by  tlieni- 
.selves  ;  ami  we  therefore  keep  straight  on  in  onrcoiir.se,  the  next  stop 


I' 

h 


82 


CHICAGO   TO   THE   SKA. 


bcinsr  ftt  tliH  Twin  Mointain  House,  so  nanu-.l  from  its  proxinuty  to 
the  "Twill  Mountains,"  one  of  which  is  visibh.  from  the  liotel.      ihis 


house  lias  foi 
Beecher,  who 


many  vcars  been   the  summer  home  of  Henry  Ward 
i.Ulressos    huge  congregations  of  Sunday  excursionists 

during  the  season.  tu  ,.,.„ 

Four  miles  further,  and  we-  stop  at  the  White  Mountain  Hoi  sl, 
one  of  the  oldest  of  the  mountain  hotels,  a  veritable  "  tavern  ot  the 
earlier  days,  wjth  less  of  style  than  its  more  pretentious  neighbors,  but 


Fi 

base  ( 
vated 
the  re 
niouni 
gineei 
reijuii 
borioi 
sound 
flesli  f 

M 
short 
curios 
in  a  b 
nels  ii 
anil  b 
lea  pin 

Ti 
ern  ei 
Hami 
joke  0 
to  the 
come 
cessfu 
invent 
built  t 


THE    WHITE    MOINTAINS. 


83 


tH  jn'oxiniity  to 
lie  liotel.     this 


a 

o 


I  of  Henry  Ward 
iclay  excursionists 

Fountain  Hoise, 

"tavern"  of  the 

ous  neighbors,  but 


witii  a  large  stouk  of  <;oo(l  clieer  and  hospitable  cart-  for  its  ;,'iiests.  at 
moderate  prices.  Only  a  mile  from  the  Fabyan  House,  the  \voulcl-l)0 
guests  of  the  latter  are  Homelimes  compelled,  from  an  over-taxation  of 
its  innuense  capacities,  to  fall  back  on  the  resources  of  mine  host 
Rounsevel,  who  gives  them  the  best  his  house  aHords,  and  bids  them 
"be  therewith  content." 

iTHE   FABYAN   HOUSE, 

Six  miles  from  tlie  base  of  Mount  Washington,  is  one  of  the  most  com- 
plete establishments  of  its  kind  in  all  the  mountain  region,  having  ac- 
commodations for  five  hundred  guests.  It  is  situated  on  a  ijeautiful 
intervale,  at  an  elevation  of  more  than  fifteen  hundred  feet  aliove  sea 
level,  and  its  piazzas  atibrd  a  tine  view  of  the  White  Mountain  range. 
It  is  also  a  central  j)oint  from  which  excursions  are  made  to  the  vari- 
ous resorts  within  easy  i-each  by  ri'il  or  carriage.  The  traveler  may 
find,  in  tliis  vicinity,  an  opi)ortunity  to  enjoy  a  relic  of  the  "  good  old 
days  "  of  stage-coaching,  which  the  railway  has  not  succeeded  in  en- 
tirely abolishing,  although  it  has  largely  superseded  the  conveyance 
once  so  popular  in  tlie  mountain  region. 

THE  ASCENT  OF  MOUNT  WASHINGTON. 

From  the  Fabyar  House,  the  railroad  has  been  extended  to  the 
bas(;  of  Mount  Washington,  there  connecting  with  the  wonderful  ele- 
vated railway  to  the  summit,  thus  forming  a  continuous  all-rail  line  to 
the  realm  above  the  clouds.  The  six  miles  of  road  to  the  base  of  tlie 
mountain  compasses  some  of  the  steepest  grades  known  to  railroad  en- 
gineering. A  powerful  engine,  of  the  six-drive-wheel  construction,  is 
reijuired  to  propel  a  very  moderate  load  of  passengers,  and  as  it  la- 
boriously purts  along  the  grades,  the  forests  echo  and  re-echo  with  tlie 
sound,  while  the  traveler  feels  tliankful  tliat  the  iron  horse,  instead  of 
flesli  and  blood,  is  being  employed  in  his  service. 

Mt.  Pleasant  Hotel  is  passed  a  short  distance  from  Fabyan's,  and  a 
short  distance  from  here  are  the  Wild  Ammonoosic  Falls,  a  natural 
curiosity  well  worthy  of  a  visit.  The  river  descends  "  about  fifty  feet, 
in  a  broken,  irregular  way,  and  in  some  jtlaces  has  worn  curious  chan- 
nels in  the  rocks,  resembling  a  cauldron,  in  which  the  water  seethes 
and  boils  in  i*^  ■  downward  course,  and  issues  laughing,  singing  and 
leajung  in  its  wild  and  merry  race  for  the  intervales  below." 

The  Mor.NT  Washixcjton  Railway  is  one  of  tlie  wonders  of  mod- 
ern engineering  skill.  It  was  charter(;d  by  the  Legislature  of  New 
Hampshire,  in  18.'i8,  the  passage  of  the  bill  being  regarded  as  the  huge 
joke  of  the  session,  one  member  offering  to  amend  it  by  "extending  it 
to  the  moon,"  either  terminal  being  regarded  as  ecpially  liabh;  to  be- 
come a  fact.  In  spite  of  obstacles,  however,  its  construction  was  suc- 
cessfully acconii)lislied,  by  the  comV)ined  ingenuity  of  the  proji^ctor  and 
inventor,  Sylvester  Marsh,  the  mechanical  skill  of  Walter  Aik'-u,  who 
built  the  engine  and  cars,  and  the  financial  aid  and  "  push  "  of  friendly 


MT.   WA^ililNliTDX  U.VILWAY. 


till!  east!  iilidvc  fiteil.  K-.wh  car  lias 
its  own  lofoiuotiv*',  and  will  cany 
aliout  tifty  iiasscnj^ers.  The  seats  are  inclined  l>ackwanl,  so  as  to  lie 
in  a  good  position  on  ascending;  the  mountain.  The  car  is  always 
ahove  the  engine,  liotli  in  the  ascent  and  descent.  The  latter  is  accom- 
plished hy  gravitation  alone,  the  biakes  being  kept  in  reijnisition  to 
iiold  the  train  in  check. 

The  ride  np  t,;ie  mountain  constitutes  an  experience  never  to  he  for- 
gotten. Leaving  Ammonoosuc  Station,  as  the  starting  point  at  the 
hase  is  called,  th'  train  imniei'iately  surmounts  a  consideralde  eleva- 
tion lietbre  enieiging  from  the  forest,  which  is  soon  left  behind  as  we 
rise  above  the  'tree-line,"  and  reach  the  region  of  stunted  shrulis, 
which  in  turn  g^'ve  place  to  moss  and  lichens,  and  finally  to  rocks,  liare 
of  vegetation,  and  as  cheerless  as  it  is  ]iossible  to  imagine.  Above  the 
trees,  the  prospect  broadens,  as  the  lajidsca]i8  spreads   out   in   a  grand 


86 


CIIirAflO   TO   THE    SKA. 


S..vt.ral  stops  aiv  ma.le  for  .vat.T,  wind,  is  tak.-n  from  lar«e  tank.  t.,.l 
by  mountain  si.rin,«s,  far  above,  an.l  cn.luctcd  .lown  in  pipes  Jh.-s,- 
«ioimin«  places  l.ave  be.-n  ap].rop.  lately  nan.e.l.  aecor.lmg  to  the  i  lo- 
S.ln,  Slid,  as  Wai.n.bek  sS.ltion.  Ciulf  Station,  etc.,  »  -  att^-  b.nng 
near  the  yawning  d.asm  in  the  mo.n.tain-si.le,  nanie.l  tl..!  t^t  i.>  <>f 
Mkmco.  ^13anksofs,.owinayfre.,nentlybe  seen  in  its  recesses,  eyon 
in  ini.lsuminer,  an.l  a  j,..n.e  of  sno^vballilIK  is  not  an  ..nconinion  August 
recreation. 


.^'.,r^ 


"GULF   OF   '-.HXICO,"    MT.  WASHIXOTON. 

Jacou's  Lapper  is  a  lun-  section  of  trestle  work,  with  a  consi.ler- 
uble  elevation  =aul  steep  ii.dination,  after  passing  which  the  gra.le  di- 
minishes   souawhat.    as    the    road    wi  ..Is    around    the    crown    oi    die 

"'"^  Near'the  summit  is  a  pile  of  rocks  surmounted  by  a  tablet,  known 
as  the  "L--me  Bourne  Monument,"  marking  the  spot  where  the  young 
lady  perish  a  from  exposure,  in  8e,.tember,  1(^53  ;  having  undertaken 
the'asce'^t  ol  the  mountain  in  company  with  two  m.ile  relatives,  with- 
out !■,  guide,  an  1  becoming  d.ille.l  and  bewildered,  she  lost  her  way,  and 
desi.iunn.d-.  sank  down  to  die  almost  in  sight  of  the  summit. 

Voarin-  th-j  summit,  the  view  d.a.iges,  as  the  scenery  ot  the  east- 
■eri/.ile  eoines  ,-  view.  The  highlands  of  Maine  are  now  the  back- 
,.ronnd  of  ti^e  pici.re,  with  intervening  valleys,  lakes  and  rivers,  while 
far  .,L'n^^.  th,  while  buildings  of  the  Glen  House  dot  the  lan.lscape  as 
a  m.a'e  sj-eck  in  the  lovely  valley  in  whidi  they  ne.stle. 

The  I  ii  'Aim  bu-e  to  summit  occupies  Jiboutan  hour  am.  a  .piarter, 
tlm  distan. .  oeing  three  miles,  with  an  average  grade  of  1,300  leet  to 
the  mile,  t  .  •  ufost  a.n-upt  ascent  being  in  the  proportion  oi  one  toot  in 


1 

form 
such 
all  li- 
the I 
shelt 
and 
been 
capa 
1 


of  C, 


ir  and  ln-imty. 
ivife  tanks  ftMl 
pipes.  Tlit'Sf 
iig  to  tlit^r  k)- 
10  lattt'i-  Ix'iny 
1  till!  Gn.F  OF 
i  n'cesMcs,  oven 
omnion  Aiignst 


TIIK    WIIITK    .MdlNTAlNS. 


87 


^^- 


witli  a  consi<lt'i'- 
li  the  f,'va(U;  tli- 
;   ci'own   oi'  ihe 

a  tablet,  known 
ivlieio  the  young 
^ing  undertaken 
;  relatives,  with- 
iost  her  way,  and 
inimit. 

lery  of  the  east- 
e  now  the  back- 
ind  rivers,  -while 

the  landHca})e  as 

ur  and  a  (juarter, 
of  1,:?U(»  feet  to 
on  of  one  foot  in 


thn^e.  An  ai)))roxiniat(!  ith-a  of  this  giaile  may  lie  had  by  [vlaeing  a 
yard-stick  upon  a  level  surface,  at,  a  tal)le,  ami  raising  one  end  of  it  a 
foot,  with  the  other  end  ujion  the  table.  Then  imagine^  a  train  of  cars 
climbing  such  an  asctsnt,  and  you  have  a  fair  conception  of  the  grade  ;  but 
the  most  vivid  imagination  would  fail  to  take  in  the  sensati()ns  actually 
exjHM'icnced  in  the  journey. 


LIZZIE    UOUKNE    MONUMENT. 

THE  MOUNT  WASHINGTON  SUMMIT  HOUSE. 

Tlie  provisions  for  the  entertainment  of  guests  at  the  summit  were 
formerly  very  limited,  a  few  rude  stone  structures  furnishing  shelter  for 
such  as  dared  brave  the  hardships  of  a  night  in  the  clouds.  But  now 
all  is  changed.  The  capacious  and  comfortu.ble  building  which  serves 
the  double  rurpose  of  depot  and  hotel,  not  only  provides  comfortable 
shelter,  bu'.  a  tirst-class  table  and  excellent  fare  for  about  ojie  hundred 
and  tiftv  guests.  The  house  was  opened  to  the  public  in  1H73,  and  has 
been  in' successful  operation  since,  sometimes  being  taxeil  to  its  utmost 

capacity.  ,       *  i  •      i 

The  vijw  from  the  summit  is  indescril>ably  grand.  At  an  altitude 
of  G,19;i  feet,  or  more  than  a  mile  and  one-tifth  above  sea-level,  the  line 
of  vision  bounds  a  circle  nearly  a  thousand  miles  ir,  circumference  ;  and 
within  that  circle  are  lakes,  rivers,  mountains,  valleys,  dark  forests,  smil- 
ing villages,  and  in  fact  a  variety  of  scenery,  ever  changing  as  the  gazo  is 


Hi; 


TIIK    WIIITK    Mol MAINS.  OV 

(lin'i't«'(l  to  tliudilli'iriit  ]ioiiits  oftlic  foinimss.  In  a  fli'iir  <liiy,  tlu-  din- 
t.int  j,'liiiiriuu'  of  tlm  Atliintit-  may  lio  hccii,  iiwuy  to  tliH  southeast.  A 
little  uiori!  to  tlif  soutli  II  Iniylit*'!'  <;lfiiiii  vcvculs  tlic  location  of  Liiko 
\Vinnii>L'sauk('f,  wliiU'  the  Suco  valley  ami  ( 'lioeonia  Mountain  are  in  tlio 
nearer  foregroinni.  Turning  (still  to  the  right,  you  see  other  mount- 
ains of  the  range  on  whose  highest  summit  you  are  standing,  Mount 
.Monroe,  the  Twin  Pomls,  Mount  Ple-isant,  Mount  Franklin,  ilount 
Willev,  th(!  scene  of  the  famous  "slide."  ami  lesser  elevations   lieyond. 


MOUNTS    ADAMS    AND    MADISON. 

Westward,  aAvay  in  the  dim  distance,  the  horizon  is  hroken  hy  the 
Green  Mountains  of  Vermont,  with  an  occasional  view  of  the  remote 
Adirondacks  in  New  York  ;  while  neaivr,  you  see  the  valley  of  the  Ani- 
monoosuc,  the  Fabyan  House,  Bethlehem,  Mount  Lafayette,  and  the  ex- 
panse of  forest  which  tills  the  picture.  To  the  northwest,  the  villages  of 
Littleton,  Jetferson  and  Lancaster  appear,  while  in  the  distance,  to  the 
north,  the  table  lands  of  C!anada  unite  with  thi^  sky  in  bounding  the  ho- 
rizon. To  the  northeast,  the  eye  reaches  to  the  unbroken  forests  of 
Maine.  Mount  Katahdin  throws  its  dim  outline  against  the  sky,  while  in 
the  foreground  Mounts  Jeflerson,  Adams  and  Madison  tower  grandly  up 
before  you  as  a  grim  body-guard  to  Washington.     Nestled  in  the  glen. 


1 


WIlITi;    Mol  NI.\IN>,    I'lioM    .ii;rb-r.i(sox 


CLIMIIIXO    MOUNT   JEFFEKSOX. 


v"X 


^6g^«.--si 


TIIK,    WIIITK    MlMMAINH. 


01 


(lie  wliitc  liotcl  liiiiMiiij,"*  <•♦'  ••"■  <'l''"  Uniisf  cHtiililisliiiii'iit  iiiv  visilili'  ; 
wliilc  neural  Imml,  tnwai'l  'lie  MiutlnMst.  Mniint  .IiickHKii  a|(|«'urs,  iiihI 
ill  tlic  (listiiiu-f,  tlif  l'c(|iiaki-'l  or  Kiaisiirgi-  may  !»•  sn-n,  tnj^ftlii'i'  witli 
Si-liiigo  liiikti  in  .Maiiii'. 

SUNRISE  ON  MOUNT  WASHINGTON. 

Tlif  ;,'iiiM(l.  fiilininittin^'  view  I'niMi  tliis  lof'tv  |iniiii  uf  nliMTvation  is 
to  lie  liail  at,  till'  risiiit;  i>t'  tin'  sun.  For  this  in(oMii>iiial>li'  1)Ios|«tI  you 
mii^t  sjM'ud  a  nij;lit    anionj;  llii'  clouds,   and   jicnliaiirc  nioif   than  onu 


\:Jm^^  '^.. 


.^' 


DISTANT    VIEW    OK    MOUNT.   WASIIINdTON. 


ni<;lit,  as  natmo  is  ticklt!  at  tliat  altitude  as  well  as  in  tiie  valleys  ht-low, 
and  not  unlVe(immtly  "old  Sol"  lias  half  a  forenoon's  work  before  liim 
to  dispel  "the  mists' of  the  laorning  "  before  liis  face  is  visil)le^  to  the 
-NvatdKa-s  on  the  sumiuit.  Should  you  he  favored,  however,  with  both 
a  clear  sunrise  and  sunset  in  one  day,  as  was  the  wiiter  on  the  occasion 
of  his  first  visit,  you  will  cherish  in  the  chambers  of  memory  the  most 
enchanting  pictures  of  a  lifetime.  Sunset  at  sea  his  awakened  the  lyro 
of  many  a  poet,  and  inspired  the  pencil  ol  many  a  painter  ;  but  neither 
pen  nor  pencil  can  give  an  ade(|uate  jticture  of  tlu;  beauties  of  a  sunj-ise 
as  viewed  from  the  summit  of  Mount  Wasliington. 

At  early  dawn  the  inmates  of  the  house  are  roused,    and  such  as 


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Hiotographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14S80 

(716)  872-4503 


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CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICIVIH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  dc  microreproductions  historiques 


■sj  »w«!gw!fti.,i.t4W»,t,.t  J  jmi:. :  '•-,ymm  ,:ivu;^i<^%^'t'.  j!f-'j^;;" 


TlIK    WIIITK    MorN"'AINS. 


m 


choose  ans.  i.nd  aross,  m,.!  takr  tl..Hr  i.os.tion  ....  f  h  •  ph.tton..  .v.st  ot 
th..  l.wil.lin-.  to  xvMteh  for  the  ti.'st  apimimuuv  ot  tl.e  ••goia...  o.'h  ot 
lav  •■  ll,.n..;.tl.v...,th..vall.>ys.,vsUlli..  slunil...,;  a,„l  a  .  ..;.|,  ,Moom  is 
sp,v:„l  ov...-  all.  in  sl.a,-,.  -o.U.ast  vviti.  th.  li^ht  ot  .  aw.i  winch  .ihva.ly 
1  mninos  th.  u.ou..tain  ..aks  a.o.n.d  yon.  Hanks  ot  .,..st  Ium-..  a.ul  hnv 
!,„lh.at..  th  .  location  ofl,o,Ue.  of  wat.M^  a...!  i-ssil-ly  overhanj.....^ -Ion,!. 
,nav  ,.ai-tiallv  hi.h-  som  ■  of  tlu)  ino.mtain  s.n.un.ts  t.'oni  view. 

•  VII  ,.v,w  a.v  tnr.u-a  ..x,H'.tantly  tosvanls  the  east,  which  is  l.-m.nnu 
tosi.owa  tai..t  rosy  ti.i^e.  .leepenin-  overv  nix.ment  til  ,t  '■'■'-';<■;■' 
ei-inison  ...•  pe.'hai.s  a  -ohlen  l.ne.  a  litt.n- c.mcl.  tro...  which  the  l.nll- 
i.u.t  clav  ki..-is  ahont  to  si-iinj;  forth  to  ente.'  n].,..!  his  -lonons  i-e.g... 


TU'-TOl'    HOUSE    IX    WINTER. 


Su.hleiilv  one  point  in  the  eastern  horizon  grows  more  infnsely  l.r.ght 
than  aU'the  rest,  and  the  disc  of  the  sini  is  then  discern, l.le.  (piickiy  in- 
r^reusinji  in  proportions  niitil  the  1.,-oad  face  of  the  -reat  hnnmary  so 
.lazxles  the  eve  as  to  compel  a  withdrawal  ot  tlu-  gaze. 

l.ookiii./then  into  the  valleys  l.elow.  the  eHect  is  transcendently 
beautiful  'While  the  spectat.n' is  hathed  in  the  fnll  golden  sunshine, 
the  somber  shadows  are  just  beginning  to  Hit  away,  presenting  m  the 
stron-est  possilde  manner  the  contrasts  of  light  ami  sha.le  ;  and  not 
until  ^omeminut..s  hav."  elaps.-.l.  does  the  new  born-day  reach  down  into 
the  .leepest  vallevs  to  drive  forth  tlu-  liniiering  remnants  of  night. 


Itl 


CHICAdO    TO    TlIK    SKA. 


The  view  of  tlif  moi  itain  pciiks  iiroiiiKl.  iis,  one  after  another,  ac- 
conlinji  lo  tlicir  ln'if,'lit,  they  are  toiu-lied  l>y  tlierays  of  tlie  risiii,,-  sun, 
is  very  lieaiitifiil ;  and  even  tlie  dullest  mind  can  scarcely  resist  the  eii- 
tinisiastic  insiiiration  awakened  hy  the  scene.  And  then,  is  the  sun 
mounts  steadily  upward,  uivinj;  heat  as  well  as  liyht  with  his  cheering 
ravs,  the  mists  lielow  are  slowly  disjielled,  and  nature  puts  on  her  most 
liewit<'hing  countenance,  v;ith  her  gloomy  frowns  hanished,  suj)iilanted 
liv  the  sweetest  smiles. 

Such  is  hut  a  faint  dcscrijUion  of  a  sunrise  witnessed  by  the  writer. 
T]w  j)icture  will  vary  with  the  changing  circumstances,  and  that  which 
it  raav  he  the  reath-r's  fortune  to  hehoM,  though  entirely  unlike  it,  may 
he  none  the  le.ss  beautiful  and  enchanting. 


so 

ste 

rot 


MOUNT    GAKFIELD. 


'.-  The  old  Tip-Top  and  Sunmrit  Houses  still  stand,  together  with  the 
buildings  of  the  V.  S.  Signal  Service,  the  ticket-office  and  station  of  the 
Glen  llotise  stage  line,  witli  its  stables,  and  the  engine  liouse  of  the 
railway.  The  otlice  of  .1  wow/  /he  Clonds,  %  daily  paper,  occupies  the 
old  Tip-Top  House  ;  and  in  the  Signal  Service  buihling  a  band  of  reso- 
lute ujen  brave  the  rigors  of  winter  in  the  interests  of  science,  recording 
the  temperature,  the  velocity  of  the  wind,  etc.  "With  the  thermometer 
at  fifty  degree^below  zero,  and  the  wind  blowing  with  a  velocity  of  one 


TlIK    WllITK    M or. \ TAINS. 


m 


iftcr  itiiotlicr,  ac- 
)f  tlie  risiii,,-  sun, 
H'ly  rc^sist  the  cn- 
tlicn,  i.s  tlio  sun 
,vitli  his  clu'criiig 
jmts  on  luT  most 
sIkhI,  suiipliinteil 

ied  by  th(^  writer. 
<,  and  that  whivli 
'ly  iinliko  it,  may 


together  with  the 
and  station  of  tlie 
gine  lioiise  of  the 
;)aper,  occupies  tho 
ng  a  hand  of  reso- 
'  science,  recording 
1  the  thermometer 
h  a  velocity  of  one 


humh'ed  and   litty  miles  an   lioiir.  il  must  re(|uire  uervi's  ..f  steel  ami  a 
hardv  eonstitutiim  to  survive  tin-  (inleai. 

file  old  liridle  path  tViiiii  tlie  Crawford  lio\ise  to  thi!  summit  is  stdl 
employed   l.y  those  who  wish  to  make  the  aseeiit,  as  in  the   "good  old 
days,"   hut  "the  favorite  method,  ne.\t  to  tht-  railroad  trip,  is  l.y  the 
GLEN  HOUSE  STAGE  LINE. 

The  road  is  eight  miles  in  h-ngth,  and  hy  skillful  engineering  has  l.eeu 
so  huilt  as  to  rise,  tm  an  average,  only  ahout  one  foot  in  eight,  tho 
steepest  place  heing  one  foot  in  si.\,  and  tha^  for  a  short  ilistance  only,^ 
lendeiing  the  .is(.ent   easy  and  comfortahle.       Passengers   hy    way   of 


.-r-^'i^i&'ii^--^ 


.MOINT    W.VSUIXOTON    CAUUI.VliE    UO.VD. 

l,iorh:\ui,  on  the  (Jrand  Trunk,  reach  the  summit  by  this  niothod,  and 
then  havi!  the  privilei'e  of  descending  by  rail  on  tho  other  side. 

Tlx'kkkm.\.\'s  Kavixk,  an  immense  seam  in  the  side  of  Jlount  Wash- 
ington, may  be  explored  from  the  summit,  or  by  following  up  the  svream 
wlueh  takes  its  rise  in  this  gorge.  The  chasm  is  tilled  to  a  gnsat  depth 
by  tlie  snows  of  winter,  which,  in  the  process  of  melting,  form  beautiful 
arches,  sometimes  visible  till  late  in  the  summer. 

lleturning  to  the  base,  we  are  again  at  the  Fabyan  House,  from 
which  point  we  may  make  excursions  in  various  directions,  the  excellent 
livery  in  connection  furnishing  carriages  and  trusty  drivers,  who  will 
act  as  guides,  and  give  interesting  information  to  those  in  tlieii-  cliargc. 

Before  proceeding  in  our  onward  journey  toward  the  sea,  let  us  re- 
trace our  steps  for  a  visit  to  the  famous  Fraxconia  Valley. 


.J 


.M 


KltANCdMA    MiTCll.  OT 


Fi'unvvniH  Xofcft. 

From  IJrtlilclifiii  stiitum,  as  jirovinusly  uiciitiDiicil.  tlic  Pmtilf  iV- 
FniiuMHiiii  Noti-li  liiiilroitd  fxtciuls  to  tliis  rcsurt.  wliicli  is  oiii'  of  iIk^ 
most  iio|iiiliir  ill  tlic  Wliitc  .Momitaiii  \v<i\o\\.  its  crowiiiii;,'  attra.'Mnii 
is  tht^  wlfl)ratf(l  I'lolili-,  so  widely  known  as  ••TiiK  Oi.n  Man  ok  hi k 
Moi'NTAlN."     This  colossal  cojiy  of  tlu'  human  face  is  to  In-  seen  on  tlu> 


(11.1)    MAN    or    TIIK    MlilNTAlN.  —  IH^I'A.NT    VIEW. 

southcni  si(It)  of  Pnitilc  .Mountain,  with  liol.l  anil  liijili  foivlifail, 
straiylit  nose,  sliuhtly  parted  mouth,  and  prominent  chin.  Fi fore- 
head to  chin,  the  face  measures  .some  ei^dity  feet,  and  the  elevation  is 
some  tifteen  hundred  feet  ahove  ProHl"  Lake,  which,  from  its  locition, 
is  sometimes  called  ■•  The  Old  Plan's  .Mirror."  and  -The  Old  .Man's 
Washhowl." 

Prokii.k  HofsK,  an  elegant  and  roomy  hotel,  with  accoinmodations 
for  live  hunilred  ijuests.  is  not  tlie  least  attractive  feature  of  the  nei^h- 
liorhood,  its  yreat  iiopularity  often  tillinj,'  it  to  overtlowin;.'.  even  lie- 
fore  the  railroad  made  it  so  easy  of  access.  .Mcsms.  Taft  it  Oreeiileat, 
the  iiroprietors,  are  among  the  most  succes,-,fiil  hotel  niaiiagers  in  all 
the  region. 

MofNT  Lakavkttk.  the  highest  peak  of  the  Fraiieeiiian  range,  has 
an  altitude  of  ."i.l'-'i'.t  feet,  and  the  view  from  the  summit  is  regarded  as 
second  only  to  that  from  Mount  Wa.shington.     Tlie  aseent  is  made  hy 


:ii 


n« 


(ill(A(in    Ti>    TIIK    SKA. 


l.ri.llr  I'i'tl'  <"'-.'m  til.'   Trntilr    llnus.'.  wlinv    li.nsr,.  -mhI.'s.  .•(.•..  iiiv   to 
1„.  lum'.l  at  tlu-  .-ni.v  ,>\-  (),.■  t.-uriM.      A    Imil.lii,-  mI    1  ..•  siiiipmiI    mI 
f„nls  sliclt.'f  fVuiii  im-l.'inrnt  wrMilnr,  „r  llir  ^rvfiv  wiii.ls  wln.li  soi.ir 
tiiiifs  i.rcviiH  lit  such  Mil  clrvMtioii, 

K\(:i  K  CMrr.  :i  Ini^'.'  cm;,',  witli   iiivci|ii(ous  tiuiit.  towers  \i\>  to  tlic 
■'.,.iol,t  nfliftci'ii  liim.lrc.l  feet,  .liivctlv  ill  IVont  of  tlic  liotcl.      A  ]iiiir.ot 

rubles  iiiiiilc  it  tlicii'  liuiiic  tor  sonic  _vc;iis.  until 
liiivcu  iiwiiv  liy  tlic  curiosity  of  cxj.loivrs.      A 
tine  view  of  tlic  ClitV  is  to  I'c  liinl   from  Kciio 
Lakk.  wliicli  nestles  Ml    its   l.asc.  Mini    is  one  of 
llie  most    cliMiniin^'  little  lio.lies  of  wMtcr  lo  l>e 
fouml.      'I'lic  IiImsI  of  M  liorn,  or  the  iviioit  of  m 
siiimII  cMnnou,  tii'oil  iit  intervals  to  "  wmU.'  tlie 
echoes,"  rcvcrhcratcs  a.<;aiiist  tho  sitles  of  the 
(llilf  and   the  rocky  walls  whidi  i'nviron  the 
lake,  with  a  succession  of  sharp  ami  iiis- 
tinct   re[)etitioiis,    j,'rowing    fainter    ami 
fainter,  auil   linally  dyin;;   away   aiiion^' 
the  far-olf  dill's,  with  an  ctfect  as  heaii- 
tifnl  as  it  is  suriirisiti;;. 

Tlio  Protilo  House  stantls  at  the  ;;ate- 
way  of  the  Notch,  the  ai)i)n)acli    heing 

,. from  tlie  north. 

*Kvrl7',        On  eithi-r  side 


EA(.i.E  (Lirr. 


^   ■  of    the    gorge, 
the  Friinconia 
^  range  extends 
in  a  Houtlierly 
direction,   La- 
,'>  fayette.    Lin- 
>  coin  and  I^ih- 
Verty   on    the 
east,   Profile. 
Kinsman   an<l 
I'emigeWMSset 
on    the   we.-,t. 
with     several 
lesser     Jieaks 
Mild  spurs,  the 
valley     gl'adu- 
ally     descend- 
ing    to     the 
soiilh.      and 
into  the  Yallev  of  the  Peni 


xvidi'iiing  in  the  descent,  until   it  expands 

iiiewasset.  ,     i-  r         ii  i 

Three  miles  from  the  Profile  House,  a  path  diverges  from  the  road 
smalW.rook,  auu  a  walk  of  half  a  mile  brings  to  view  a  succes- 


near  a 


niANniMA    Nulrll. 


09 


iili'^,  I'll'.,  iil'i'    to 

till'   siiii)i:iit    mI' 

nils  wlliill   soinr 

tllNMTS    ll]l  to   till' 

Imli'l.      A  ])iiir  nt' 

siiiiir  yi'iirs,  until 

{'  cxiilini'is.      A 

liiiil  t'loni  Kciio 

so,  mill    is  Kill-  <>t" 

ii'S  lit'  wntrr  In  In- 

>r  tlu'  i-i'|iint  of  ii 

ills  to  "  Wiiki'  tlir 

t  tlin  siili's  of  till' 

vliiili  imviroii  llu' 

of  sliarj)  iiiiil  liis- 

kiiig    faiiiti'i'    iiiiil 

inj,'   iiwiiy   iiiiiiiii.i,' 

nil  t'tlV'ct  iis  I'i'au- 

r 

itiiuils  lit  till'  yati'- 
0  apitroufli    tii'iiig 

froiiitlii' north. 

On  citlifi'  siilo 
M  '  of  till'  ;;or,irf, 
Mj  the  Friiiicoiiia 
^*r  laiigt'  cxti'inls 

r'  in  11  southi'rly 
.,  iliri't'tioii.    lia- 
j>  fayettf.    Lin- 
coln ami  I.ili 
rrty   on    tin' 
I'ust,    Protili'. 
^j  Kinsman   ami 
l'('nii<.'i'\vasM't 
on   tlif   VI '.>t. 
with     si'vnal 
I  'rsM  r    ju'a  k  s 
'^"  aiiil  sjnirs.  tin' 
."-"      vallt'y    ui'ii'l"'- 
aliy     ili'sci'iiil 
i  n  i;     to    t  h  r 
soul  h.      a  ml 
Yalli'y  of  till'  Pern 

oi'ircs  from  the  loail 
ii's  to  vii'W  a  sut'ccs- 


siuii     ot'    |iirlMn'si|iif    waliTfalU.    wlmli    iiavr    rri'i'i\i''l    iIm'    naiin'    nf 
W  Al.KKIl's  {''alis.      a    liiilf  mill'  fiirllii'i' Miiilli    i:^    ihr    I'.AsiN.  a  rniiiMis 


si:\H  \i\:\\   111'   iiii;  rmiiii.E. 


granite   reservoir,  ahout  loHy  fi'i't  acro.ss.  ami   twiity-riuht    ti'rt    ilei'ii, 
n  which  the  waters  iiiiike  a  'gyratory  turn,  after  the  whiil|"iol  onli'r. 
Fi VI' miles  from  t lie  Ptoiiii'  House,  near  the   lower   gateway  of  the 


L.tn  u. 


i 


KltAMoMA     MdlMAlN-*,     T 


uiiM   ri  '.111.1:^^  A»>i;i'   \  Ai  i.r.K 


Mul   S  r    I.MAVKTTi: 


N 
I'll 

It' 

1" 

Im 


1 


1 


FIl.Wru.MA    .NiiK  II, 


101 


Nntcli.  is  till'  Kmmk  llni  >i;.  so  ii;iiiii'(l  IViiin  it>  |iic)\iiiiity  to  tin-  rurky 
iii\iiit',  liclwii'ii  w  III  iM' walls  I  III- ( JiiMt  JMiiiMir  is  sii>,|ii'iiilt'i|,  ii>  lliiMii.'h 
rt'iidy  to  fall  Mt  tlif  slii.'lili'si  |iniviic'iitii)ii.  As  ilii'sc  |ii(i;fs  art'  licim; 
jpiiiitfil.  till'  lrlruia|i|i  liiiiiits  till'  iit'Ws  tliat  tin-  ra\iiii'  lias  lii-i'ii  clinki'il 
liy  an  avaliiiirlii',  ainl  tlir  fall  iit'  tlic    IpdiiIiIci'    is    ir|iiiil''il.      W'lii'ii    llii' 

Imiik'    is    ill    ill"'     liamls    111'    its    li'Mili'l's.   till'  I'DITi'i'tlH'ss  lit"   llli'  rr|iii|l    will 

liavi-  lii'i'ii  iliii'iiiiiiii'il.  liiit  at  lliis  wriliiij;  it  caiiiiol  lii'  MTilii'il. 

Till'    I'lml.  I  111'  < 'asrailrs,  ( 'i'iir!.'iamia   Falls.  Mnlllit    l'i'liii;.'i'W'lssi'l ,  ami 


1-1. iMi;  AM)  11111  i.iii;k. 

otiirr  iiliji'fts  111'  iiili'ii'st,  all' til  111'  \  isitt'il  triHii  tlii'  Kiiiiiii'  llmisi'.  A 
staui'  iDiitc  I'Xtciiils  fViiiii  till'  Prolilt'  iliiiisi'  to  I'lyiiiiiiitli,  <•/</  tln' 
Pi'iiiiLri'wassft.  anil  lii'l'iiri' till' coniiili'tiiiii  lit'  I  III'  railroail  f'runi  I'.i'tlili'- 
liini.  was  till'  ]iiiiiri|iMl  nn'tliuil  nt' I'linvi'vaiu'r  tn  tliis  Ideality. 

it  is  still  a  faviiiiti'  with  many  travcli'is.  lii'liiji.  as  almM'  iiiilii'att'il, 
a  ilirt't't  roiiti'  to  Pl.V.MoiTil.  a  favorite  lesort  on  the  Hoston,  (Joiieonl, 
iV  Miintreal  Hailni.ul.  Those  wisliini;  to  reaeli  lioston  liy  tins  ronte 
may  lonnect  liy  staye  with  the  trains  at  I'lyiiiouth.  or.  I'etnrniny:  In 
liethli'lieiii.  may  take  the  trains  ot'  this  mail,  which  run  rln  ^^  in;; 
luiail.  Littleton.  Warren.  Wells  iJiver.  riymoiith  anil  Lake  \\'inni|ie- 
.sailkee.  to  ('olienril.  thi'liie  liy  Coiicoril,  Jj)\vell  iV'  Jioston  Itailroail.  to 
the  metro|ii)]is  of  N'ew  Kiitflaml.  This  is  a  |io]nilar  loiite  lietween 
Txiston  ami  the  mountains,  and  is  very  largely  |iatroiiizeil  in  tin; 
.Slimmer. 


!■; 


HI 
V 
\* 

ti 


J 


fl 


o 
A 


-1 
u 


2 

H 
H 


\         * 


!.< 


'4 


r.AUK    \VINNII'K.«AIKKK. 


lii:*. 


Ni'iir  Willi'  II,  on  til  is  liiir,  is  .Muhsh.m  m:,  h  niiiiiiiiniii  jicak  >it'  shimk 
ffli'luity.  wliifh  tVimi  its  nniiiiiiiativfly  iMtiliitftl  |ii)sitiiin,  iitlnrilM  ii  \<iv 
lilli'  view  fViiiii  its  silllllllit.  'rill'  town  iMuists  n\'  /l/'f  i/  .  m  ,7rn  of  liiillt 
Mt ii'iiiiis,  Mill!  >i'M'iiil  rxfi'llciit  lintels  |no\ii|i'  ^tioii  iii'i'iiniiniiiliil iiiiis  tor 
Hiifli  lis  dcMiii'  to  "(lii)j)  till'  liiii',"  or  spriiil  II  M'iiMiii  ill  ii'iTi'iil ion. 


'"^^^^^^^^'^ 


^-^-^    i- 


iiWl.N   IIKAI)  AMI   MOOHll.AlKE   MOUNTAIN. 

TilK  PKMi<ii-.\v.\ssi;T  Hoim:,  at  I'lynioiitii.  is  tlm  ilinin^'  station  of 
till'  |].  ('.  it  M.  H.  H..  and  lias  an  almost  national  ivpiitation  for  tlio 
e.xci'lli'ncH  of  its  cuisine.     Jt  is  ..Iso  a,  favorite  suniiner  resort  hotel. 

Till!  Iieantifiil  Ti.MvK  Winn'II'Ks.mkkk  is  rei'clieil  at  Weirs  Station 
anil  Steanilioat  Lanilini,'-  This  sheet  of  water,  irre^jiilar  in  its  Ipoiinilaries, 
HtutUled  with  Immlreils  of  i.slamis,  and  liordered  )>y  some  of  the  tinest 
scenery  in  the  world,  has  olitained  almost  ii  world-wide  fanu;,  beinjj 
visiteii  liy  thousands  of  tourists  every  season.  Weirs  Station  is  on  the 
western  shore  ;  and  within  a  few  years  has  hecome  celehrated  as  the  loca- 
tion of  ii  permanent  camp-ground,  occupied  in  turns  hy  the  Methodises, 


104 


CIIICAtlO   TO   THK   SEA. 


tlie  UnitjiriiiiiH,  ,.  ■'  tlie  (jrantl  Army  of  tlie  Republic.  Stnerul  liott'ls 
ami  suimiMT  lioiirdiiif;  lioust's  liiivc  lifcn  Imilt  to  accoininodatt'  'he  in- 
crcasiiif;  (Ifinands  of  tourists  who  wish  to  tarry  hy  the  iiiar<;in  of  the 
lake,  and  enjoy  its  lovely  scenery,  and  hathe  and  tish  in  it:,  waters,  or 
ridi'  ovf!-  its  surface  anionj;  its  myriad  islanils.  Center  Hai'hor,  on 
its  north  siiore,  Wolfl>oro  on  the  east,  and  Alton  Bay  on  the  south,  art- 
all  well-known  sunnuer  resorts,  and  the  ride  liet'veen  these  ])oints  hy 
.st"anier  constitutes  a  delightful  ti'ip.  Two  hoats  of  consideralde  size, 
the  "  Laily  of  the  Lake,  '  owned  liy  the  Boston,  Concord  it  iMontrea! 
Railroad,  and   the  "Mount  Washington,"  the  pro]>erty  of  the  Rosion 


l■^;.MH,^.\^A^«li■^■  UUUSE,   I'LYMOLTll.  N.  a. 

A'  Maine  Railroad,  togetl  r  with  several  sm.iller  craft,  constitute  thv 
flotilla  ;  nn<l  theii'  fiei|Uent  trips  among  the  islands  and  hetween  the 
principal  ports  jnst  mentioned  atfoi'd  opportunity  to  enjoy  the  attrac 
tions  of  Winnipesaukee.  and  to  realize  the  siLfni'.icaia:'  of  its  In<lian  ti- 
tle, which  is  translated  "Smile  of  the  Great  Spiiit.  " 

The  "  Weirs  "  takes  its  name  from  having  foimerly  heen  the  location 
of  the  tish-weirs  of  the  ahoiigines,  whence  an  unlimited  supjdy  of  food 
Wiis  drawn,  in  the  ilays  hefoi-e  the  shriek  of  the  locomotive,  oi- even  the 
crack  of  the  stage-driver's  whip,  hroke  the  .stillness  of  the  adjacent 
forests. 

From  Weiis  Station  tlie  route  to  Boston  is  lu'a  Concord,  Man- 
che.ster,  Nashfla,  and  I.uwell. 


^y 


Several  hotels 
inodate  'he  iu- 
■  niar;riii  of  the 
in  it:,  waters,  or 
iter  Harhor,  on 
.n  the  south,  are 
these  j)oints  hy 
onsiih'ral)le  size, 
L'oiil  1*1'  ^loiitreal 
V  of  the  Rosioii 


aft,  constitute  the 
anil  lietween  the 
enjoy  the  atti'ae 
;•  of  its  Inilian  ti 

y  lieen  the  location 
teil  snpjjly  of  fooil 
notive,  or  even  the 
ss  of  tiie  adjacent 

t(t   C'oncortl,   Man- 


Ir 


X 


IQf,  (llICAtiO    Til    TIIK    SKA. 


Wfiitc  Mountain  Ketch, 

Tlie  route  IVom  Fal.yan  House  to  Poitlaml  extends  tbrovgh  this  fa- 
mous pass,  over  the  Poutlaxd  &  OdDENsmiui  Railroad  ;  ami  t}ie  rule 
is  one  of  the  most  .h'lifjhtful  trips  by  rail  to  be  aliorded  east  ot  the 
Rocky  Mountains,  and  with  the  exception  of  the  ascent  to  the  summit 
of  Mount  Washington,  is  the  grandest  aiul  most  impressive.  Ihe  rail- 
way itself  is  a  wonder,  overcoming,  in  its  construction,  obstacles  that 
might  appall  the  stoutest-hearted  engineer.  Rimning  here  upon  a  lotty 
trestle,  clinging  now  to  the  si<le  of  a  mountain,  winding  aroun<l  the  base 
of  some  overhanging  clilf,  again  bridging  some  mountain  stream  lar 
above  its  bed,  it  threads  its  devious  way  through  the  pass,  abolishing 
the  fatigue  and  liardship  incident  to  mountain  visiting,  and  aHonUng  a 
panoramic   view   of    scenery    unsurpassed    for  variety,    novelty  and 

Kvandeur.  ,^  i  •  i     ,„ 

The  trip  through  the  Notch  is  made  in  Observation  Cars,  which  aio 
attached  to  all  trains.  These  are  open  at  the  sides,  ami  provided  witli 
revolving  arm  chairs,  thus  affording  an  outlook  in  all  directions,  adding 
materially  to  the  pleasure  of  the  journey.  The  first  live  miles  accom- 
plished, and  we  are  at 

THE  CRAWFORD  HOUSE, 
Almost  in  the  very  gates  of  the  N^  tch,  near  its  upper  entrance.  Either 
in  going  or  returning,  this  will  be  bund  a  <lesir..ble  stopping  phice,  as 
theJ-e  are  many  points  of  interest  in  this  vicinity.  The  hotel  itself  is 
spacious  an.l  degant,  accommodating  300  gue^.ts.  In  the  days  of  moun- 
tain-climbing by  "brute  force,"  it  wi-  the  starting  point  of  the  brulle 
path  to  the  summit  of  Mount  Washiugton  ;  but  the  hardy  mountain 
ponies,  trusty  and  sure-footed,  have  given  w  y  to  the  "  iron  horse,  no 
less  trusty,  l)nt  vastly  less  romantic. 

Saco  Lake,  near  the  house,  is  the  source  of  Saco  River,  here  a  dimin- 
utive stream,  but  increasing  in  volume  cm  its  way  to  the  sea,  as  it  ab- 
sorbs tlie  brooklets  and  rivulets,  until  it  is  utilized  in  turning  the  busy 
wheels  of  industrious  machinery  in  msuy  a  factory  before  it  is  lost  in 

the  Ailantic.  i.     i-   -i    ii,r 

C  iBBs'  Falls,  also  near  the  hotel,  are  forty  teet  in  height,  divided  by 
a  rocky  cliff  into  two  parts.  They  weve  viamed  in  honor  of  ^  tormer 
landlord  of  the  house.  ,         ,     ,  , .    „ 

Beech kr's  Cascade,  a  half  mile  distant,  may  have  had  some  other 
name,  but  it  is  no^  lost  in  the  distinction  given  it  by  a  baptism  expe- 
rience.l  by  the  eminent  divine,  not  according  tw  the  method  ot  Plymouth 
Church,  but    more  after  the    Roger   Williams  standard,  and   whoLy 

involuntary.  „  „       -wr-n     i     i 

Mount  WiLLARD,  sometimes  cal let!  Mount  Tom,  or  Tom  Willard  al- 
though not  of  gi'eat  altitude,  furnishes  an  excellent  point  ot  observation 
from  its  summit,  which  is  reached  by  a  comfortable  carru-ge  ride.     1  he 


broigli  this  fii- 
i ;  iuul  tlie  ritle 
ed  east  of  tho 
to  tlie  Hummit 
sivo.     The  mil- 
obstacles  that 
re  upon  a  lofty 
ftround  the  base 
ain  stream  far 
lass,   abolishing 
antl  affording  ii 
novelty  and 

Oaks,  which  are, 

I  provided  witli 

ections,  adding 

ve  miles  accom- 


itranee.  Either 
ipping  place,  as 
le  hotel  itself  is* 
le  days  of  motin- 
nt  of  the  bridle 
hardy  mountain 
iron  horse,"  no 

'er,  here  a  diniin- 
le  sea,  as  it  ab- 
turning  the  busy 
fore  it  is  lost  in 

eight,  divided  by 
jnor  of  ct  former 

e  had  some  other 
a  baptism  expe- 
lled of  Plymouth 
!ird,  and   wholly 

Tom  Willard,  al- 
int  of  observation 
rriage  ride.     The 


h 


108 


flllCAOO   TO   THE   SEA. 


view  is  hi.rl.lv  pnus..l  l.y  K..0.1  ,iu.l,ij.'s,  Anthony  Trollop.^  .leclanng  it 
unenuthMlin^ill  th-  el.issic  Rhin.lun.l.  Stan-Ung  at  the  very  gate  ot 
the  Notch,  it  conunanils  an  excellent  view  of  the  chasm,  ami  the  (Utter- 
ent  mountains  whirl,  encompass  it,  together  with  >i  splen.lxl  prospect 
to  the  west  and  north. 


llicmiir's   I'OUl.,    KUAXCOMA    XOTlH. 

Silver  Cascade  and  the  Flume  Cascade  are  two  of  the  attractioiis  of 
the  locality,  winch  leap  down  the  sides  of  Mmmt  Wehster  ^n  £^^^ 
disorder,  now  spreading  out  over  a  rocky  Led  m  a  th.n  sh.et  of  s  h  i , 
gathering  again  in  son.e  pool  for  a  plunge  over  a  preapice,  bieaku  g 
Lo  spn;y  L  the  .Lsc^Mu!  then  running  swiftly  u.  '--•■<- j"!;-"^  J 
if  crathering  momentum  for  another  grand  leap,  au.l  so  lauglung,  smg- 
iiig^md  dancuig  on  its  way,  to  join  the  Saco  in  its  noisy  pilgrimage  to 
the  sea.  _ 


WHITE    MOl  NTAIN    NOTCH. 


109 


llopi'  (lecliiriiig  it 
tht;  very  gate  of 
m,  iind  tlie  (Uffei- 
(plfiidid   i)ioHpoct 


^:*. 


'i> 


9;>' 


of  the  attnictioiiK  of 
tVebstin'  in  gloiious 
thin  slicet  of  silver, 
prec'ipice,  ))reiiking 
I  nainnv  channel  as 
(1  so  laughing,  sing- 
noisy  pilgrimage  to 


Thk  Wli.i.EY  HorsK.  nienioiahle  as  the  scene  of  the  disaster  known 
in  history  us  the  "Willey  Slide,  "  is  located  nnder  the  steep  acclivity  ()f 
Mount  Willey,  which  rises  some  2,(HM)  feet  ahove  the  house.  ( )pjiosito 
are  the  frowning  cliHs  of  Mnunt  Wel.ster,  with  the  Saco  Kiver  tluwing 
near.  The  story  of  the  fearful  calamity  is  familiar,  hut  its  ie|)etition 
may  be  of  interest  to  our  readers.  On  the  night  of  Aiignst  1'^,  ll^l'ti,  a 
terrible  storm  occurred,  swelling  the  brooklets  into  angry  torrents,  and 
l(3osening  the  soil  from  its  hold  on  the  rocky  acclivity  of  Mount  Willey, 
sending  it  down  the  mountain  side  with  a  fearful  roai-,  threatening  de- 
struction to  everything  in  its  path.  Mr.  Willey,  his  wife,  five  children, 
and  two  hired  men,  comprised  the  inmates  of  the  hdUM-  ;  and  it  is  sup- 
posed that  they  became  irightened  and  iled  from  tlu-  lionse  to  escajie 
the  peril,  and  rushed  into  the  very  jaws  of  death,  lieing  overwhelmed 
in  tl-.e  avalanche,  not  one  es'caping  to  tell  the  tale.  The  faithful  house- 
dog, however,  appeared  at  Conway,  and  endeavored  to  give  intelligence 
of  "what  had  happened  by  all  the  resources  of  his  j.ower  of  connnunica- 
tiou.  The  bodies  of  six  of  the  victims  were  recovered,  liut  three  of  the^ 
children  found  permanent  burial  in  the  (lehrin.  The  saddest  feature  of 
the  calamity  is  the  fact  that  had  they  remained  in  the  house  no  harm 
would  have  befallen  thena,  as  a  large  rock  at  the  back  of  the  house  di- 
vided the  slide,  and  sent  it  by  on  either  .side,  leaving  the  building  un- 
touched. The  scarred  siile  of  the  mountain  still  shows  th»^  track  of  the 
avalanche,  only  enough  soil  being  left  to  support  a  growth  of  white 
birches. 

AvALAXCHK  Brook,  ko  called  from  being  regarded  as  the  cause  of 
the  disaster,  has  on  it  a  beautiful  cataract,  (-ailed  the  Sylvax  Gi.ade 
Cataract,  and  higher  up.  another  called  Si-arklino  Cascade. 

Such  of  the  forgoing  objects  of  interest  as  are  visible  from  the  train 
are  pointed  out  by  the  conductor  and  trainmen,  and  an  occasional  halt 
is  made  to  permit  of  a  longer  view  of  some  point  of  special  importance. 
If  time  will  permit,  it  is  well  to  stop  otf  at  one  or  more  of  the  stations, 
and  [iroceed  l>y  following  trains.  But  whether  this  be  your  privilege 
or  not,  the  ride  will  be  one  not  soon  foi'gotten,  ai  d  its  repetition  de- 
sired and  longed  for. 

Below  Willey  ^lountain  the  valley  oi^ns  out  into  a  wider  e.xpanse, 
and  the  scenery  becomes  less  wild  and  romantic,  but  none  the  less 
beautiful  with  t"lie  change.  The  Willcy-Brook  Bridge  is  a  tine  specimen 
of  engineering  skill,  and  is  crossed  by  the  train,  giving  the  courageous 
passengers  a  chance  to  peer  into  the  deep  gulf  which  it  spans,  and  the 
timid  ones  occasion  to  "hold  their  breath"  at  the  thought  of  a  possible 
timible,  should  '•  anything  liapi)en."  The  bridge,  however,  gives  no  oc- 
casion for  fear,  as  it  is  of  enormous  strength,  although  not  ponderous  in 
appearance. 

A  short  distance  below  this  point,  the  train  crosses  the  famous 
Frankenstein  Trestle,  an  iion  structure  tive  hundred  feet  long  and 
eighty  feet  high.  Near  this  are  the  Giant's  Stairs,  Moint  Resolu- 
tion and  Moint  Crawford,  the  latter  nearly  opposite  Bemis  Statitm. 


.fcyli 


SCEXEfi    IX    THE    WHITE    MOl  XTAIN    SUTCII.— V.  &    O.  KAlLltOAU. 


WIIITK    MOINTAIN    MiTCII. 


Ill 


NtMP  lion-  is  till"  old  Mount  ('iMwiunl  lloiisi',  now  clusi'il.  wlicic  Alicl 
riiiwfonl,  tin'  pioiH'cr  lur  whom  tlin  .Moundiin  mikI  Xotcli  wcri'  iiaiiicl, 
'•  kfpt  tiivfin  "  tor  miiny  years,  ami  told  storii-s  nml  Icucmls  of  tln' 
moiiiitiiiiis  to  his  i;iios(s,  iiml,  oil  oivasioii,  piloti'il  them  to  thi'  haunts 
of  thi'  shv  trout,  or  to  mountain  summits.  Ipy  [latlis  louj;  for^rottcn. 
Ilis  son,  Klhan  Alli'n  Crawford,  cut  the  tii'st  luidl.  jiath  to  Mount 
\Vasiiini,'ton,  in  1S21. 


VALi.EV  or  Tin:  s.vco  uivEU. 

Naxcy's  IJkook  is  soon  roaclicd  and  crossed,  so  named  fVom  ; 
inei(h'nt  iiivolvin<;  the  old  story  of  a  deserted  maiden,  and  a  leereant 
who  lied  on  tlie  eve  of  tlie  ai^iointed  weddinj,'  (hiy,  jairsued  hy  th(^ 
j;iirl,  who  porisht^d  from  exjiosiire,  iind  was  found  in  tlie  snow  a 
foot  of  a  tree,  n(!ar  the  marjiiii  of  tlie  stream  which  now  liears  the 
her  mother  gave  her,  a  kindly  way  of  commemorating  the  event 
otit  involving  tlie  family  name. 

Sawyer's  Eiveu  is  crossed,  as  the  road  turns  .sharjily  to  the 
ward,  and  at  Upper  Bartlett  the  interesting  liindmark  known  as 
yer's    Rock  commemorates  the  discovery  of  this  pass,  or  rathe 


I  sad 
lov(!r 
poor 
t  the 
name 
with- 

east- 
Saw- 
r  the 


'ill 


112 


ClIICAliO    Tit    TIIK    SKA. 


I 


,tcr..ini.liHlnnn.t  of  an  rvnt  wl.i.,1.  atteHt.-.l  itn  .hso.v.  .y,  viz.,  gctt  n^' 
ors.    luouKh  tl..  Notch,  ibr  wl.k-1.  tVat.  as  an  ..v..l..nn.  .,t  tl.o  ex,Ht.;,.co 

of  tL    ,ass.^Nash,  th.  .Uscov...vr.  an.l   a   ...otl.,-,-  huuU-r   nr.nve.l   Iron. 

(Jov.-n  or  W.-ntwoith  a  Kiant  of  lan.l    known  as  Nasi.  .V  N.w.Vfrs   U.- 

Z^r  Tl...  lust  obstacle  l...in«  tl.is  roc-k,  tlu-  ,.oor    .east  was  lot  .lown 

over  it  l.V  nu-ans  of  ro,H.s,  an.l  Sawy.T  .xuUin«ly  -UsIumI  Ins  rum  V.ottl. 

HLminst  it,  which  sutUc-l  to  christ.-n  it  l.y  the  namo  it  now  hears. 

AtUi.KNSTATioN,  connection  is  nia.h- with  the  sta|^e  Imc   tm-  tlu 

(ilen  H.a.se  up  the  valley  of  Kllis  Hiver  an.l  throuj,'.  l^»;l|l';;;»/°  l^'j" 
Slu.ul.1  the  tra'veler  fe.O  .lispose.l  to  n.ake  tins  trq..  he  w,ll  '  J  "'  '^^ 
to  rewar.1  Imn  in  th.-  way  of  i.ic'tures.iu.'  sc-nery,  I'l'.^'sant  .hiv.s,  Ut. 
At  a  short  .listanc.>  fron.  the  roa.l  wh..re  .t  crosses  Klhs  t"V'|  ;  '  t 
waterfall,  known  as  Cooi.iu.H  Fam.s  may  he  seen.  Passn.-  the  l.ttl., 
villa.^eof  ".Tacks.m  City,"  the  r.m.l  so..n  enters  th.-  pass  known  as 
PiNKHAM  N..r<H.  na,n.-l  fron.  a  tamily  of  early  settlers,  who  con- 
structetl  the  Notch  i.ta.l. 


(il.EX-ELI.IS    FALL. 


Glkn-Ell.s  Fall  nmv  he  reached  hy  a  path  .l.ve,;.;n.-  from  the 
sta.'e  roa.l.  The  Ellis  Kiver  her.-  .lescen.ls  a  precipice  ^^-ve^ty  h'e* 
&i  Fr,.m  its  conti^uration  it  was  formerly  calle.l  "  Pitcher  Fall,"  hut 
the  more  poakic  hut  less  .lescriptive  title  seems  to  elm 


to  it. 


NnltTII    niNWAV. 


l]:i 


IV,  viz.,  getting'  !i 
•f  of  tlio  existciiw! 
cr,  nrt'ivtd  fmin 
I  iV  Siiwyfi's  Lo- 
cust was  lot  down 
ml  liis  ruiii  Viottln 
now  Itt'urs. 
tiij;c  line  for  the 
,  Pinkliam  Notch, 
e  will  tind  iniich 
■iisiint  ilrivcH,  etc. 
^'.llis  Kiv«'r,  a  tine 
hissiu<(  the  littlt^ 
(•  pass  known  as 
ifttlers,   who  con- 


livfiyiny  from  tlii; 
vi-i|iic('  seventy  ft-'et 
'•Pitcher  Fall,"  Init 
linii  to  it. 


THE  GLEN  HOUSE, 

Previously  nientioneil  as  a  Une  hostelry,  is  the  terminus  of  the  sta;,'*' 
line.  Mere  you  will  meet  j^uests  who  have  come  liy  sta;,'e  from  <ior 
ham.  ( i;ihi  miles  (listaiit.  on  the  (!ran<l  Trunk  Hailw.iy,  or  tVom  the 
summit  of  Mount  Washin^'ton.  hy  the  cai'ria^e  road  alreiely  di'serilu'd. 
This  location  is  more  than  sixteen  hundred  feet  ahovi- sea-level,  and  the 
clear,  hracinj;  atmosphere,  the  m.ij.'iiilicent  scenery,  ami  the  delijuhtful 
drives  in  several  direction.'  toijether  with  the  excellent  mannei'  in  wliicli 
file  hotel  is  kept,  are  suthci.iit  to  account  foi'  its  ])oi)idarity  and  siic<-ess. 
In  the  matter  of  staf,'e-line  manai;enient,  it  pi-oliahly  has  no  superior  in 
the  world,  that  which  conveys  the  passenf^eis  up  the  carria^je  roail  to 
the  summit  of  Mount  Washinj^ton  lieinjf  notahly  superior  in  j)oint  of 
i'quipment,  and  the  well-known  skill  of  its  drivers, 

Kxcursions  may  he  made  from  here  to  the  Carter  Notch,  Ost'ood's 
(.'ascades,  Summit  of  Mount  Madison,  Garnet  Pools,  Kmerald  Pool, 
Thompson's  Falls,  lilen-Ellis  Falls,  Crystal  CuscH<le,  Tuckerman's  J{a- 
vine,  and  many  other  places  of  moi-e  than  ordinary  interest. 


Al'PKOACH  TO    SOUTH    COXWAV. 


R.   K. 


But  again  taking  up  our  line  of  travel  at  Glen  Station,  the  train  soon 
emerges  upon  the  Iwautiful  t^oxwAY  Ixtervai.ks,  Intervale  Station  heing 
the  next  stopping  place.  The  Intervale  House,  near  l;y,  is  a  pleasant 
ahode  for  those  who  choose  to  tarry.  A  .short  distance  heyond  is  Noinil 
CoxWAY,  a  village  of  multitudinous  attractions,  and  with  a  jiopularity  as 
a  summer  resort  that  is  surprising  to  the  casual  visitor,  who,  although 
seeing  much  to  admire,  fails  to  comprehend  tlie  peculiar  comhinations 
which  bring  people  year  after  year  to  spend  their  summers  in  the  vicinity. 
Superticially,  the  most  attractive  objects  conspicuously  visible  are  the 
hotels.     The  spacious  Kiarsaroe  House  seems  a  veritable  paradi.se  for 


m 


lU 


CIIKAiiU   TO    TIIK    SKA. 


,1,.-  i,-»vvi.-,.  ,.i,.i  ii»  i« «■■  «"-^'- !■  ■!' '":-■', ''""'  'V  m',',;I!!, 


imvt!  bwii  a.-sniLiug,  Imt  on  that  ,.tr..unl  moiv  r 


KIAK.XAIUIE    IlorSE    A.NI>   MOfNTAlN.— DISTANT    VIEW. 


Th..  Other  attractions  at  North  Conway  cc.nsist  o  A  r   ^  s  T'  us.  f-  ^ 
Lak.-.  th.-  C'athoaral  au.l  Le.lg.-s,  Diana's  Baths    th.  DomI  -  1 '    '  ''' 
a  host  of  lovely  .Iriv-.s  in  various  .livections,  with  sylvan  paths  toi   p.  - 


VH  fri)i:i  its  vfiim 
•  timii)\iH  I'l'mmki't 
piiii  wliii  li  tlif  vil- 
■fccivi's  its  li:illli'  IS 
ly  lit-  iiiihIi'  ill  tin- 
It-  view  IVoiu  till' 
u^ictlicr  with  Miiti' 

IT  ll(l(lil'H  of    wiitrv 

cry  (liit'rtidii  most 
iiir,  thiiii  tlmt  we 

111    to  till'   SfllSCH, 


T    VIEW. 


f  Artist's  Fulls,  Kcho 
lie  Devil's  Di'ii,  anil 
sylviiii  paths  for  p«'- 

Conway,  is  the  next 
.  Mount  C'luK'oruii. 
(■  si'a-li'Vt'l,  isreaclu'il 
ond,  a  short  distaiu'' 

;o  River,  in  the  initlst 
in"  contrast  with  tln' 


sHllMiii    I.AKK. 


115 


Hfeliery    just     let't    lieliiliil.       ('rossillj,'    the    iioi|||'l:liy    line    lictweeli    N'l'W 

llaiiipHJiire  ami  Maine,  our  next  station  is  KinDHiiiH,   which  some  po- 

etic  writ«'r  has  ealleil  the  "  <^ueeii  of  the  Saco  Valley.   "       It  is   imi I 

a   losely  town,  ciiiliowereil    ill  deep  foliayc,    ami  all'ordin;^  the   \isitor 
most  ilcli|{htfiil   ili'ivcs.     Jockey  ('ap,  a  huge  granite  pile,   is   near  thu 


Mor.NT    KIAUSAIIII 


Hi;    IM.iJI  AKUr. 


village  ;  ami  close  liy  is  liovewell's  Poiiil,  the  scene  of  all  (mlian  liattlo 
in  ITl'.'i.  Mount  Pleasant  is  only  seven  miles  ilistant,  ami  has  upon  its 
summit  a  tine  hotel. 

Passing  in  ijiiick'  siicci'ssioii   the   stations  of  lirowntieM,  Hiram,  the 
three  IJahlwins,  ami  Steep  Vn\U,  we  reach 

SEBAGO    LAKE, 

Sev(!ntet'n  miles  from  Portlaml.  ami  forty-tlireo  from  North  Conway. 
For  a  short  <listajice  before  reaching  the  lake,  the  run  is  devoid  of  in- 
terest and  exceedingly  tanu?  ;  hut  as  the  road  skirts  (he  shores  of  this 
beautiful  sheet  of  water,  ami  its  liroad  ex]>anse  stretches  away  in  the 
distance,  liounded  hy  wooded  shores  and  sandy  heeches,  the  change  is 
magical,  and  the  contrast  a  most  pleasing  one.  Sehago  itself  is  twelvi> 
miles  long  and  nine  miles  wide,  aii<l  is  connected  with  liong  Pond  hy 
means  of  Songo  Kiver  and  the  "Hay  of  N'aples,"  formerly  '•  P)raiidy 
Pond," — liefore  the  days  of  the  "  .^^aine  law."  The  entire  chain  of 
lakes,  ri\er  and  liay  .illoiils  a  steamlioat  ride  of  sixty-iught  miles  in  the 
round  trip.  I'lridgton.  one  of  the  steamer-landings  on  Loni!  Pond,  is 
the  birth-place  of  the  genial  humorist  "  Artenius  Ward."  From  Port- 
land, a  pleasant  and    popular  trip  consists  of  a    ride  to  Sebago    by  the 


1 

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MOt'NT   DKHKIIT    ISI.ANIi. 


17 


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iiitiniiiiK  tram,  a  trip  uM'I'  iIh'   l.ik.'  to  niiil^tidi,  ii'tiiiiiiiiy  in  (iim-  fur 
till'  fvi'iiiii;;  liiiiii  tti  i'lii'tiaiiil. 

And  tliitliiT.  in  the  fontiniiiitioii  of  niir  cM-iirMion,  wf  tuo  must  p». 
( (illy  Hnvt'Mtri'ii  inil«'.H  iiiiiri- of  (lur  Ioiik  ami  llt•li^'lltt■|ll  i<>iirm'_v  "  iVniii 
CliiiMl^^o  to  tin  Sea  "  remain  to  Im  tniv tmoiI,  Alfiiont  ifiiivlt'ully  wn 
liii>;ir  over  tin'  tow  lust  lfa;<ni'H  of  tlu>  trip,  liut  n'mi'inlM-riu^'  that  citlifr 
way  from  I'lnlliinl  our  cxiMiision  may  1m'  It'iiytln'iii'il  imli'linilviy,  wo 
ifMiimn  yur  Ht'iitM  ill  tilt'  tram,  ami  in  lifty  minuti's  an'  iu 

THE   METROPOLIS   OF   MAINE. 

FoKTi.ANit  is  pleasantly  sitiiatcl  on  a  narrow  pi-iiiiisula  projcL'tiiig 
from  till' went  shorn  of  ( 'ast'o  Hay.  This  pi'iiiiisnla  is  alioiit  tlin-i' milcH 
in  Ifiij^th  from  east  to  west,  with  eonsiileralile  elevations  at  each  eml, 
^jivitij,'  th«  city  a  lieautiful  appearanoo  as  approaeheil  from  the  sea. 
Its  harlior  is  om<  of  the  liest  on  the  Atlantic  coast,  liein^'  ileep  ami  ni- 
pacious.  anil  protecteil  hy  himl  on  all  sides.  The  eity  is  heaiitifiilly 
laid  out,  its  piihlic  Imildiiigs  are  tine,  and  many  of  its  private  residenceH 
«?legiiiit. 

The  commercial  and  luisiness  interests  of  the  city  are  extensive  and 
important,  the  value  of  the  shipping  owned  in  the  district  heing  very 
great,  and  its  manufactures  employing  a  large  amount  of  capital.  The 
railroads  centering  here  are  the  Portland  it  ( )gdensl)urg,  Portlaiid  it 
Hochester,  Boston  ife  Maine,  P]asterii,  Maine  ( "entral,  and  (irand  Trunk. 

The  leailing  hotels  of  Portland  are  the  Fahuouth,  United  .>tatoH, 
Preble,  City,  Kirkland,  and  Merchants. 

The  climate  of  Portland  is  remarkably  salulirious,  the  city  being 
peculiarly  exempt  from  epidemics,  or  climatic  diseases  of  any  kind. 
The  HOUfce  of  water  supply  (Hebago  l^ake),  and  the  excellent  facilities 
for  drainage,  undoubtedly  contribute  much  to  the  healthfulness  of  the 
locality.  These  circumstances,  together  with  the  proximity  of  beaches 
and  other  i-esorts,  rend-jr  Portland  a  lU^sirable  place  for  summer  so- 
journing, a  fact  of  which  no  little  advantage  is  taken  in  the  season  of 
travel.  The  steamship  lines  running  from  Portland  to  eastern  jiorts 
along  tlie  coast  of  Maine  and  tlie  maiatime  provinces,  atlbrd  the  tourist 
opi)ortunities  to  exteml  his  trip  "away  down  East,"  as  far  as  time  and 
inclination  will  permit.  One  resort  of  special  interest  deserves  men- 
tion while  this  subject  is  under  consideration,  on  account  of  its  remark- 
able attractiveness,  and  its  increasing  jiopularity. 

MOUNT   DESERT  ISLAND, 

One  hundred  and  ten  miles  nortlieast  from  Portland,  is  reached  by 
the  Portland,  Banmior  and  Machias  Stkamboat  Line,  whose  boats 
make  connection  with  tlie  trains  from  Boston  and  the  White  Mount- 
ains. They  are  stauncli  and  seaworthy,  and  finely  equipptsd ;  and  the 
trip  along  the  shore,  past  tlie  thrifty  villages,  and  among  the  pictur- 
esque scenery,  is  full  of  delights. 

The  island  of  Mount  Desert  lies  fjuite  near   the   mainland,  with 


118 


CHICAGO   TO   THE   SKA. 


which coiinnunication  is  ha.l  l.y  m.-uns  of  >i  l.ri.ljio  which  c.ossos  at  Tren- 
ton.'!^ In  «hiii.e,  the  ishm.l  is  <iuite  irregular,  and  is  ahout  eiphte.-n 
miles  long  l.v  tw.-lve  wide.  It  is  nearly  .livi.lecl  m  two  h^  t^on.es 
Sound,  and  its  shores  or  all  sides  are  indented  l.v  pictures.|ue  bays  and 


inlet  •  The  gi-eater  part  of  its  surface  is  covered  with  mountain 
peaks,  some  thii-teen  in  n'lml.'.r,  theliighest,  Mt.  Green,  rising  tully  two 
thousand  feet  above  the  sea.  High  up  among  tlie.se  peaks  are  several 
beautiful  lakes,  which,  with  tie  streams  that  flow  from  them,  abound  in 

trout. 


OLD   OBCIIAIU)   BE.VCH. 


lin 


li  crosses  at  Tren- 
i  al)out  eighteen 
n  two  hli  Somes 
ures(Hie  l>ays  ami 


'  ll'l,  if, it,'    I     . 


red  with  mountain 
ien,  rising  fully  two 
56  peaks  are  several 
oni  them,  abound  in 


The  first  landing  point,  approaching  from  Portland,  is  !S(»i  tiiwkst 
Hakuok.  Here  are  several  excellent  hotels,  and  the  scenery  in  the 
vicinity,  and  accessible  by  pleasant  carriage  drives,  is  beautiful  antl 
pictures(|iie.  Urei-n  Mountain  is  reivclied  from  this  point  to  good  ad- 
vantage by  the  westerly  slope,  a  carriage  road  leading  to  the  sunmiit, 
where  a  hotel  is  locatetl. 

l$.\ii  Hauiiou.  fifteen  miles  beyond  Southwest  Harbor,  is  even  more 
pictures«|ue  ami  roniartii;  in  its  location  than  the  latter.  The  scenery 
along  the  coast  is  bold  and  ini[)ressive,  stupi-niloiis  dilfs  rising  abruptly 
to  the  height  of  .several  hundred  feet.  IJar  Harbor  is  i»lentifully  sup- 
plied with  hotels,  and  their  facilities  an;  often  utilized  by  the  throngs 
of  artists  and  pleasure-seekers  who  make  summer  pilgrimages  in  search 
of  the  beautiful,  the  art  galleries  and  studios  of  the  country  testifying 
to  the  success  of  tin;  former  in  transferring  to  canvas  the  gems  of 
scenery  which  have  formed  the  basis  of  so  many  studies  and  afforded 
so  much  delight. 

In  addition  to  the  many  ••  down-east"  tri))s  tliat  may  be  made  from 
Portland,  its  nearness  to  some  of  the  fine  lieachi's  of  the  Atlantic  coast 
is  another  of  its  attractions  as  an  objective  jRunt  for  the  tourist.  Two 
great  railway  lines  connect  Portland  with  Uoston,  ami  on(>  or  both  of 
them  reach  all  the  principal  intervening  .seaside  n^sorts. 

One  of  the  most  noted  of  these  is 

OLD   ORCHARD   BEACH. 

This  celebrated  seaside  camp-grouml, — for  as  a  place  for  temper- 
ance and  religious  camp-meetings  it  is  best  kncnvn. — is  reached  by  the 
Boston  &  M.\ink  Railroad,  extensively  advertised  by  its  managers  a,< 
the  "  shore  route  "  between  Boston  and  Portland.  And  it  may  not  be 
amiss  to  say,  in  this  connection,  that  it  is  really  one  of  tlie  finest 
eipiipi)ed  and  best  managed  railroads  in  the  country.  Its  general  su- 
perintendent, Mr.  J.  T.  Furber,  is  one  of  the  successful  railroad  man- 
agers of  New  England,  a  tireless  worker,  looking  after  every  detail  of 
the  road  and  its  operation,  with  a  degree  of  energy  an^.  "push"  that 
marks  the  successful  business  man  wherever  you  meet  him  in 
Yankeedom. 

Old  Orchard  not  only  has  a  vast  expanse  of  beautil'ul  beach,  but 
possesses  the  additional  charm  of  woodland  parks  and  groves,  hun- 
dreds of  acres  in  extent,  stretching  away  from  the  shore,  enclosing  coo) 
retreats  and  shady  paths,  where  the  forest  has  been  left  almost  in  iti^ 
primeval  state.  This  happy  combination  of  "woods  and  seashore"  in 
one  locality,  aftbrding  a  pleasing  variety  and  gratifying  the  tastes  of 
all,  is  one  secret  of  the  great  popularity  of  this  resort.  The  splendid 
hotel,  so  conspicuous  in  the  background  of  our  illustration,  is  kept  in  a 
style  to  please  the  most  fastidious,  it  Ijeing  the  leading  hotel  of  this 
vicinity.  The  less  pretentious  house  in  the  foreground  is  a  gi-eat  fa- 
I'orite  with  many  visitors,  not  only  for  its  home  like  air,  but  for  the 
beautiful  views  to  be  had  from  its  verandahs  and  the  charming  walks 


;- 1 


L>'4iaiaiii!(!<«Mi> 


EASTKUN    SKASlbK   KKSOKTS. 


121 


T 


and   drives  in  the  vicinity.     Its  patrons  sjieak  of  it  in  terms  of  tlie 
hifiliest  toniniendation. 

Wells  Bka(1i  and  Kknnebinkport  are  also  reached  by  the  Boston 
A-  Maine  Kallroad,  and  are  among  the  long  list  of  iKijiular  resorts  on 
tlie  eastern  coast.  The  Intter  has  an  elegant  hotel,  the  "  Ocean  Bhitl'," 
which  commands  a  beautitiil  view  of  ocean  and  landscape  combined. 

At  Dover,  on  the  main  line  to  Boston,  connection  is  made  with 
the  Winnipesaukee  division  to  Alton  Bay,  a  celebrated  summer  and 
cami)-ground  resort,  at  the  head  of  the  bay,  which  is  an  itrm  of  the 
beautiful  Lake  Winnipesaukee,  extending  in  a  southerly  direction. 
The  steamer  Mount  WASHiNiiTON  makes  frecjuent  trijis  fiom  tliis  j)oint 
to  Wolfboro  and  C'entev  Harbor,  from  either  of  which  i>laces  connec- 
tion is  made  for  the  Weirs,  on  the  Boston.  Concord  it  Montreal  Rail- 
road, by  steamer  "  Lady  of  the  Lake." 

The  Eastekn  Kailkoad,  the  other  throtigh  line  between  Portland 
and  Boston,  reaches  several  of  the  Vieaches  already  mentioned,  and  is 
the  direct  route  to  Hampton  and  Rye  Beaches,  Blah's  Head,  and 
and  Revere  Beach,  the  latter  sustaining  the  same  relation  to  Boston 
as  does  Coney  Island  to  New  York. 

The  Isles  of  Shoals,  nine  miles  off  Portsmouth  harbor,  are  also 
reached  by  the  E-istern  Railroad  to  Portsmoutli,  thence  by  steamer  to 
Appledore  and  Star  Islands,  where  two  palace  hotels,  the  Ai'I'LEDOre, 
on  the  island  of  the  same  name,  and  the  Oceanic  on  Star  Island,  are 
kept  in  regal  style  by  Laiphton  Bi others  it  Co.  The  gioup  comprises 
nine  islands,  the  largest  of  whicli  is  Appledore.  It  is  also  the  best 
known,  having  been  for  many  years  the  favorite  summer  liome  of  many 
of  the  prominent  literaiy  people  of  New  England.  It  is  the  residence 
of  Mrs.  Celia  (Lai^-hton)  Thaxter,  whose  pleasing  i;otms  have  gratified 
so  many  readers  ;  and  her  childhood  was  spent  in  this  lovely  spot,  the 
veiy  air  of  which  is  full  of  poetic  inspiration. 

White  Island  is  the  location  of  a  light-house  which  the  readers  of 
the  Atlantic  Monthly  will  remember  as  the  scene  of  many  of  the  pleas- 
ing incidents  in  Mrs.  Thaxter's  "Child  Life  at  the  Isles  of  Slioals." 

IN  RETURNING  FROM  THE  SEA, 

The  excursionist  may  traverse  again  the  route  through  the  mountains, 
—and  some  portions  of  it  are  well  worthy  of  a  second  visit,  or  by  a 
different  route  may  leach  the  St.  Lawrence  River,  and  find  new  ob- 
jects and  scenes  to  claim  his  attention.  Should  the  latter  be  his  choice, 
he  may  take  the  train  of  the  Concord  ct  Portsmouth  Railroad,  at  Ports- 
mouth, and  go  via  Manchester,  Concord,  White  River  Junction  and 
St.  Albans  to  Ogdensburg  or  Montreal,  thence  homeward  by  the  St. 
Lawrence  River,  or  the  rail  route,  as  preferred. 

Many,  however,  will  wish  to  see  Boston  or  New  York  ;  and  a 
pleasant  trip,  comprising  a  visit  to  these  two  cities,  may  be  made  by 
boat  or  rail  from  Portland  to  Boston,  thence  by  Long  Island  Sound  to 
New  York.     The  Sound  Steamer  Lines  are  four  in  number,  all  of  them 


ih 


ir 


iftl: 


122 


CHICAGO   TO   THE   SEA. 


having  an  initial  stage  by  rail  to  some  point  on  the  Hound  where  con- 
nection is  made  with  the  boats. 

Thk  Fall  Rivku  Line  comjuises  a  trip  by  rad  from  Jio^to.i  to 
Fall  River,  tbrtv-nine  miles,  there  transferring  to  one  of  the  Hoating 
palaces,  the  "  Bristol,"  the  "Providence."  or  the  new  an.  elegant  Pil- 
grim," the  latter  being  conceded  t..  be  the  finest  boat  on  the  Sound  J. 
K  Kemlrick,  Es.,.,  is  the  general  manager  of  tins  line,  with  Jiead- 
quarters  at  IJoston,  and  Geo.^  L.  CJonnor  is  the  general  passenger  agent, 

locate<l  in  New  York.  _  ^ 

The  STOMNiiTON  Line  has  for  its  inception  the  rail  route  to  hton- 
ington.  Connecticut,  via  Provi.leuce,  ^vheie  connection  is  made  wUh 
the  elegant  steamers,  "Massachusetts"  and  "  Rhode  Island.  Th  s 
route  has  more  of  mil  an  I  less  of  water  than  the  preceding,  and  avoids 
the  "outside"  passages  around  Point  Judith,  a  consideration  that  lias 
its  weitrlit  with  the  timid  and  sensitive.  ,,    .     ♦• 

Thk  Providence  Line  is  un.ler  the  same  management  as  that  ot 
the  foregoing,  and  comprises  a  rail  trip  to  Provi-lence  and  boat  troni 
there  to  New  York,  the  steamers  "  Stonington  "  an.l  "  Narragansett 

beinir  employed  on  this  line.  .,      .     ^    xt        r 

The  Norwich  Line  has  for  its  beginning  a  rad  trij.  to  New  Lon- 
don, thence  by  steamer  to  New  York.  •,„!   „f    tv,^ 
The  start  from  Boston  is  in  the  early  evenmg,  the  arrival  at  the 
various  boat  lan.lings  being  in  ample  season  for  "  bed-time,    and   the 
trip  through  the  Sound  is  a  night  rule,  arriving  in  New  York  xn  sea- 
son to  connect  w^.th  morning  trains  if  desired.     The  passengers  who 
arise  in  moderately  good  season  will  enjoy  the  latter  portion  of  the 
ride,  as  the  boat  enters   the  famous  passage  known  as   "Hell  (.ate 
passes  down  the  East  River  in  view  of  the  islands  on  which  are  located 
the  various  reformatory,  penal,  and  charitable  institu  ions  of  New  York 
Ctv,  continuing  between  the  oities  of  New  York  ami  Brooklyn,  under 
tiie' famous  suspension    bridge,  and    around  the  Battery  and    Castle 
Garden   into   the   North    River.      Hie    shipping   in    the   haiboi,    the 
spri-ditly  tugs  ste..xming  here  and  there,  the  ferry  boats  plying  between 
Long  Isiand'and  New  York,  and  the  ceaseless  activity  and  bustle  o   all 
things  animate,  all  combine  to  give  to  the  scene  an  air  of  life  and  Mgor 
so  cl^racteristic  of  all  that  pertains  to  the  great  metropolis  of  Am™ 
The  sights  and  scenes  of  the  city  itself  are  so  numerous  and  vaiied 
that  the  pen  falters  at  the  thought  of  even  attempting  to  mention  them. 
If  the  reader  has  a  desire  to  "  do  "  the  city  in  a  systematic  and  thorough 
manner,  he  should  secure  the  company  of  some  one  familiar  with  its 
customs  and  its  places  of  interest,  or  consult  the  pages  of  some  city 
guide  book. 

FROM  NEW  YORK  TO  THE  WESl. 

The  return  to  the  West  from  New  York  City  may  be  made  by  sev- 
eral ditfe^rroutes,  at  the  option  of  the  tourist.  The  New  YoRK 
Central  and  Hudson  River  Railroad  affords  a  pleasant  ride  up  the 


NEW    YOKK    AND    lUtSTON    TO    THE    WEST. 


123 


md  where  coii- 

om  Boston  to 
of  the  floating 
(I  elegant  "Pil- 
ihe  Sound.  J. 
ne,  with  Jiead- 
iissenger  agent, 

route  to  Ston- 
i  is  made  with 
Island."  This 
ing.  and  avoids 
ration  that  has 


lent  as  that  of 
and  l)oat  from 
'  Narragansett " 

■ip  to  New  Lon- 

arrival  at  the 
-time,"  and  the 
Bw  York  in  sea- 
passengers  who 

portion  of  the 
s  "Hell  Gate," 
hich  are  located 
ns  of  New  York 
Brooklyn,  under 
tery  and  Castle 
the  harbor,  the 
i  plying  between 
and  bustle  of  all 
of  life  and  vigor 
polls  of  America 
srous  and  varied 
:o  mention  them, 
itic  and  thorough 
familiar  with  its 
;es  of  some  city 

I'. 

be  made  by  sev- 
The  New  York 
lasant  ride  up  the 


Hudson  Kiver,  among  its  beautiful  scenery  to  Albany,  thence  across 
the  State  to  Suspension  Brixlge  or  BuHalo,  The  new  West  Suokk 
line,  by  a  nearly  parallel  route,  traverses  the  other  side  of  the  Hudson, 
and  will  sotm  be  comi)leted  for  througli  travel.  The  trip  uji  tlie  Hud- 
son liy  boat  is  also  a  favorite  in  the  summer  season,  as  atlbnling  the 
finest  views  of  the  j)oints  of  interest  that  liave  given  to  this  rivtM-  the 
title  of  the  '•  Rhine  of  America." 

For  piitures(iue  scenery,  no  I'oute  can  be  regarded  as  etjual  to  the 
Nkw  York,  Lake  Erie  and  Western-,  faniiliarly  known  as  the  •'  Erie 
Line."  Crossing  the  ferry  to  Jersey  City,  the  passenger  by  this  line 
finds  tlu!  trains  of  this  road  awaiting  at  the  station,  with  through  cars 
attached  for  Butlalo,  Rochester,  and  the  princii>al  Western  points. 
Leaving  Jersey  City  by  the  morning  train,  the  tourist  will  find  that  the 
day's  ride  among  the  picturesipie  mountain,  river,  and  lake  scenery  all 
along  the  line  will  be  one  of  great  interest  and  enjoyment.  The  cour- 
te.sy  antl  tirbanity  of  the  trainmen  and  conductors  are  especially  notice- 
able, and  the  eating  houses,  at  which  ample  time  is  given  for  meals,  ai-e 
among  the  best  railroad  restaurants  it  is  the  privilege  of  the  traveler 
to  visit. 

Connt^ction  is  made  at  BuHalo  with  the  Canada  Southei-n  division 
of  the  Michigan  Central,  from  wliiidi  point  the  return  may  be  made 
via  Detroit,  to  the  starting  ])oint  of  the  journey. 

BOSTON  TO   THE  WEST. 

The  return  trip  from  Boston,  omitting  the  visit  to  New  York,  may 
be  made  very  direct,  should  the  tourist  so  elect.  The  short  line  from 
Boston,  and  on  many  accounts  a  very  ])leasant  one.  is  vid  the  cele- 
brated HoosAC  Tunnel,  comprising  the  Fitchburg  Railroad  to  North 
Atlams,  and  the  Troy  cfe  Boston  Railroad  to  Troy,  thence  vin  the  New 
York  Central  to  Suspension  Bridge  or  Butlalo.  This  route  presents 
the  advantages  of  through  sleeping  coaches  from  Boston  to  Chicago, 
without  change,  a  most  desirable  feature  for  families  or  for  ladies  trav- 
eling alone. 

The  line  takes  its  name  from  the  wjnderful  tiumel  through  Hoosac 
Mountain,  which  opens  a  roadway  for  the  locomotive  directly  across 
the  State  of  Massachusetts.  This  immense  engineering  enterprise  was 
begun  in  1862,  on  the  si'pposition  that  the  internal  structure  of  the 
mountain  would  be  found  of  a  character  to  aihnit  of  easy  excavation. 
The  undertaking  jjroved,  however,  that  its  jn-ojectors  had  been  misled 
by  the  geologists,  and  solid  rock  was  the  substance  to  be  removed  for 
the  greater  part  of  nearly  five  miles.  At  an  immense  cost,  the  excava- 
tion was  carried  on,  and  in  1875  was  open  for  the  passage  of  trains, 
and  later  was  perfected  by  arches  of  masonry  where  strengthening  was 
necessary. 

The  equipment  of  the  "Tunnel  Line"  is  complete  and  in  all  respects 
first  class.  The  starting  point  in  Boston  is  from  the  depot  of  the 
Fitchburg  Railroad,  of  which  John  Adams,  Esq.,  is  the   genial  and 


i-S 


.^^> 


r 


m-iss*SiimB>i>-*-i~i,i.l..  Jij.-dMumfm 


124 


OHICAdO   TO   THE   SEA. 


popular  Hin«*iint«Mi<l.mt.     Tlu^  Western  otHc«  of  tl.o  liiu-  is  in  Chicago, 
J[t  l:<r.  Randolph  Street,  in  charge  of  C.  E.  Lambert,  Ls,,.,  the  general 

Western  iifissenger  agent.  i?  u     •      .■  1,1 

The  return  from  Boston  may  also  be  ma'.o  by  way  of  Si.n.-gti.'l.l 
and  Albany,  by  the  Boston  \-  Albany  Railroad,  thence  by  the  New 
York  Central  to  BuH'alo  or  Suspension  Bridge. 

AT.d  now,  having  taken  the  reader,  in  imagination,  from  his  lioiiie 
in  the  West  to  the  Atlantic  seiiboar.l,  through  some  of  the  most  de- 
lightful scenery  on  the  American  Continent,  and  indicated  a  variety  ot 
routes  by  which  he  may  return,  with  a  few  closing  words  the  duty  ot 
the  writer  will  be  done.^  Possibly  no  one  traveler  or  party  will  trav- 
erse all  the  routes  described  in  this  work.  In  some  cases  we  have  in- 
dicate.1  that  choice  mRj  be  made  of  several  metho.ls  of  reaching  a  given 
point,  and  the  taste  or  preference  of  the  tourist,  or  the  convenience  ot 
Tparty  traveling  in  company,  will  often  decide  the  route.  We  have 
endeavore.1  to  give  fair  an.l  impartial  description  ot  the  attractions  of- 
fered by  the  various  lines  of  travel,— often  too  paintully  conscious  of 
the  inadeciuacv  of  words  to  do  justice  to  the  subject  considered,— and 
leave  the  reader  to  choose  for  himself  a  route  from  among  the  variety 

set  forth.  .  .       .  •      i.-  1  „*„ 

Before  closing,  we  will  add  that  a  large  variety  of  excursion  tickets 
will  be  found  on  sale  at  the  principal  ticket  offices  of  the  Michigan 
Central  Railroad,  from  which  a  selection  can  be  made  m  accordance 
with  your  taste  or  preferences.  If  the  iK^rusal  of  this  work  has  assisted 
in  deciding  your  route,  vou  will  probably  be  able  to  secure  a  ticket 
through  to  the  sea  to  accommodate  your  wishes.  By  a  very  convenient 
arrangement,  your  choice  of  a  portion  of  the  route  may  bo  left  until  ar- 
riving at  the  St.  Lawrence  River,  when  the  purser  ot  the  steamer  will 
exchange  your  ticket,  giving  opportunity  to  select  from  a  variety  ot  ex- 
cursions, with  added  side  trips  to  various  points  of  interest. 

And  now,  with  a  consciousness  of  its  many  imperfections,  we  bring 
this  work  to  a  close,  and  take  a  regretful  leave  of  the  reader,  with  t..e 
ho,)e  ^hat  the  pages  of  the  book  may  j.rove  serviceable  in  making  en- 
joyable the  journey  of  many  a  tourist 

From  Cfneaoo  fo  the  Sea, 


,',",;i,':.V.f«'^v«.vi.A'.A.--'  .v-"?^-'  * 


'1 


w  is  in  l!hicag(), 
isij.,  tliu  gt'imnil 

ly  of  Sjiri.'jifield 
ice  by  the  New 

I,  from  liiH  home 
of  the  moHt  (hi- 
nted a  variety  of 
)r(ls  the  duty  of 
jKirty  will  trav- 
ases  we  have  in- 
reaching  a  given 
le  convenience  of 
onto.  We  have 
he  attractions  of- 
t'nlly  conscious  of 
considered, — and 
mong  the  variety 

excursion  tickets 
of  the  Michigan 
de  in  accordance 
woi'k  has  assisted 
0  secure  a  ticket 
a  very  convenient 
y  bo  left  until  ar- 
[■  the  steamer  will 
aa  a  variety  of  ex- 
terest. 

fections,  we  bring 
B  reader,  with  t^.e 
le  in   making  en- 


■HicCONTENTS.:l«^ 


AdirondiifkH "3 

Alcxaiidriii  Hay. 4!t 

Ami'rlcaii  Fall,  NliiKara 211,  21 

Apiiroacli  l(i  North  Conway.  P.  &  O.  K.  U.  113 

Awi-rnl  of  Miiiiiit  Wa»liin);toii S3 

lliir  llarhor.  Mt.  Dfscrt UN 

Hfthli'lu'ni.  N.  11 HI 

Hlilillc'n  Slairn.  Niai?'"'" 31 

Hiimiiis;  ^prinK.  N'iaiiara 12 

Caiiaila  Soiitlicni  Railway, • 

C'aiia  Hun  <  'arryall 

Caimdiuii  Kail   

Cape  Diiimoiid.  Qurhec,    

Capes  Eluriillv  and  Trinlly, 

Cuvi'  of  the  V\'iiid».  Niagara 

Chati'iini'av  Chai<in,  O.  &  L.  C.  K.  K., 

City  of  Buffalo 

City  of  Porllaad.  Maine 

Climblni;  Mount  Juffc'ruon 

Conway  Center,  N.  II 

Crawford  House, 

Crossing  the  Ferry,  Detroit, 

Detroit,  the  City  of  the  Strait, 

DevirsHole,  Niagara 

Dining  Car  SyHtem 

Distant  view  of  Mt.  WaHhlngton, 

"  Down  "  vs.  ••  Up,"— Uapids  and  Canal, . . 

Kagle  Cliff 

Eastward  Ho : 

Electric  Illurnination,  Niagara 

Kabyan  House.  Wliitc  Mountains, 

Pall  Hlver  Line.  Boston  and  New  York,. 

Falls  of  Montniorenci, 

Falls  of  Niagara 

Fast  New  York  Express 

Father  Hennepin's  Sketch  of  Niagara. . . . 
Flume  and  Boulder.  Kranconia  Notch  — 

First  View  of  Niajjara  Falls, 

Franconia  Mountains 

Franconia  Notch 

French  Canadian  Home 

Gates  of  Quebec,  two  views 

Glen  Ellis  Pall 

Glen  House  Stage  Line 

Glen  House,  White  .Mountains 

Goat  Island.  Niagara 

Goat  Island  Bridge 

Grand  Island.  Niairara 

"Gulf  of  .Mexico," 

Ha-HaBay. 

Hermit's  Pool, 

Hoogac  Tunnel  Line, .   

Horseshoe  Palls  and  Rapids, 

Inclined  Plane  Railway,  Niagara 

Indian  Curiosity  Seller, 

Isles  of  Shot  9 

Kiarsarge  House 

Kiarsarge  Mountain, 

Lachine  Rapids, 

Lake  of  the  Thousand  Islands 

Lake  Wl-nipesaukec,  103. 

Lizzie  Uourue  Monument, 

Luna  Island,  Niagara 

Lundy's  Lane  Battle  Field, 

Luxury  of  Camp  Life, 

Medical  and  Surgical  Scnltarlum,  . . 

Michigan  Central  Railroad 7 

Michigan  State  Normal  School, 15 

Michigan  State  University, 14 


IT 
M 

m 

64 

Tl 

31 

74 

17 

116 

«0 

114 

100 

10 

15 

43 

i> 

01 

54 

!W 

5 

29 

m 

122 

67 

18 

H 

36 

101 
33 

100 
97 
67 
60 

112 
93 

113 
29 

;jo 

33 

86 

71 

108 

123 

22 

28 

72 

121 

114 

113 

55 

43 

,  105 

87 

31 

43 

47 

11 


Montreal  !ind  (iiiclii'c.   .'■)7 

.Moiilreal  ficun  .Mniiiit  Uoyal  Park .W 

Moiitri^nl  from  tile  Hiver.". 58 

.Mount  Di'i-irt  l»land 117 

.Mount  ()arilel<l.   94 

Mount   Lafayette 1,7.  100 

Mniiiit  Moosilaiike 103 

Miiiiit  Washiir-'ton  Carriage  Hoad 95 

Miiiint   Waslilnglon  Railway 83 

.Mount  \Va>hiiiglon  Suniiiiit   House, 87 

Mount  Willard 100 

Mounts  Ailaiii^*  and  Madison 89 

Navy  l!"laiid.  Niagara .33 

Ni-w  Su  iiciisiiiu  liridhe. 86 

New  York  to  the  West 122 

Niagara  Kallr* 18 

Niagara  Pal'    from  the  Ferry, 87 

Niagara  Palls.  Ontario 84 

Ogdensburg  and  Hrescott 81 

Ogdensbiirg  to  Portland 73 

Ogdensburg  it  Lake  Champlain  Railroad,    73 

Old  .Man  of  the  Mountali 97.     09 

Old  Orchard  Bearli 119 

Peniigewasset  House.  B.  C.  &  M.  H.  !{....    104 
Presidential  Range.  White  Mountains,...     81 

Profile  House.  Franconia  Notch 06 

Prospect  Park,  —   87 

Quebec, 61-    68 

Rafts  in  the  St.  Lawrence  Rapids 55 

Rates  of  Toll.  etc..  Niagara 44 

Retrocession  of  the  Falls.  Niagara, 37 

Returning  from  the  Seasliore, 121 

Ride  Around  .Mount  Royal..   .30 

liouiid  Island  House, 48 

Round  Island  Park 47 

Saguenay  River.   69 

Scenes  on  the  P.  &  O.  Railroad 110 

Sebago  Lake 115 

Sliver  Cascade, 108 

Simiair  Ilruse,  Bethleliem 82 

Steamer  Rothesay.  .\me;ican  Liii" 46 

St.  .Tolinshury  &  Lake  Champlain  Railroad,    78 

St.  Lawrence  River, 45 

Summer  Travel 6 

Sunrise  on  Mount  Washington 91 

Suspension  Bridge, 39 

Table  Rock,  Niagara, 23 

Tadoiisac 70 

Terrapin  Bridge  and  Rock, 8:j 

Terrapin  Tower, 34 

Thousand  Islanil  House 49 

Thousand  Island  Park 48 

Three  Sister  Islands.  Niagara 34 

Tip-Top  House  in  Winter 93 

"  Tricks  that  are  Vain." 22 

Tuckerman's  Ravine,  .Mount  Washington,    95 

Under  the  Cataract, 32 

Valley  of  the  Saco  River, Ill 

Watching  for  Sunrise 02 

'Weirs  Station  and  Steamboat  Landing....  102 

Westminster  Park 40 

Whirlpool  Rapids.  Niagara 41 

White  Mountain  Notch 106 

White  Mountains 79 

White  Mountains,  from  Jefferson 90 

Willey  House 109 

Wolfe's  New  Monument 65 

Wolfe's  Old  Monument, 64 


1 


^^  Only  Ml  Rail  Route  to  the  Thousand  Islands.  '^ 


THE 


lie^  Hiver  taikoaili 


rOPULARUY   KNOWN    AS  THE 


Elegant  Line  to  the  Islands, 


Ft 
.11 


This  Line  runs  via  Utica,  Trenton  Falls,  the  Sunset  Slope  of  the  Adirondack 
Mountains  Wack  River,  Sug^r  River,  and  Indian  River  to  the  Thousand  Islands 
of  the  River  St.  Lawrence,     It  is  the  only  scenic  route. 

NEW   FAST   TRAINS,   MAKE  VERY    FEW  STOPS, 

and  carry  elegant  Through  Cars  from  Utica  to  the  River  St.  Lawrence. 


THOUSAND  ISLAND  FAST  LINE 


Leaves  Chicago  ,00  a.  ".,  arr.esatUt^a  u^a^n.  (ditjner).  le.v.Utic=t  ..^n, 

p.  m. 

nection  • 

ster  Park,  arrives  Alexandria  Bay  5.10  p.  m. 


and  Wes'min- 


Uon  with  Steambo.it  for  Round  Island,  Thousand  Island  Park, 

r  Park,  arrives  Alexandria  Bay  5.10  p.  m. 

W«K..er  C..r«  lr«...  C I.i« ago  t«  IJtIva  aud  Utloa  to  Cl«, to... 


EVENING  FAST  LINE 


9.05  p  m.,  Alexandria  Bay  10.10  p.  ni. 

W«g..er  €«r«  from  Chlrngo  ioUUca.   Wew  8prl..K<leia  *•««**« 

Journe} .      Liion  Depot  at  Vtli-a.      ?«o  Translcrs. 
A   First  tiBsw   Steel   Kail    Une. 


The  Illustrated  Book  of  Routes  and  Rates  for  Summer  Tours,  lOO  Pages  with 

ine  luusiiait  .lifierent   tours  via  Thousand  Islands   and 

r'-r''r;,S';?c     efc      Send'^o    o  t"ge  stamps  for  a  copy,  before  deciding 

Rapids,  Montieal,  etc.,  etc.  J'f'ii';""  '    .    f,.;        /  „„  ^^le  at  all  Ticket  offices 

o^^Mrg:nC^ntraTR:;taJ'a^KllaTeShor 

Uyou  are  unable  to  get  Through  Tickets  via  this  route,  buy  .0  Ufca  only. 


J.  F.  MA¥?«ARD, 

General  «nperlnten(ltiit. 


THEO.  BTJTTERFIELD, 

een'l  Pm.  Agent,  I TUA,  X.  Y. 


in 


Islands.  -•^ 


The  Best  [QUI 


!  t 


aiikdii) 


of  the  Adirondack 
e  Thousand  Islands 


EW  STOPS, 


St.  Lawrence. 


),  leavesUtica  12. lO 
1.  Immediate  con- 
'ark,   and  Wes'min- 


ra  to  Clayton. 


r),  leaves  Utica  4.50 
an.  (supper),  Clayton 

iiiKfleld  Cmclics 
iiiil   Pleasant 
I  Transfers. 


"ours,  100  pages  with 
housand  Islands  and 
copy,  before  deciding 
e  at  all  Ticket  offices 
an  Southern  Railway, 
to  Utica  only. 

rERFIELD, 

18.  Agent,  VTUA,  X.  Tf. 


Wlllioiit  cxiiKKcrHlliiL'.  nnd  kcipinu' closr  wllliln  llii'  iiiirrow  llnilti"  of  fact,  it  may  bt- ai- 
grrlcd  witliout  fcur  of  trutlifiil  cdulriulictlnn.  Unit  the 

CHICAGO  &  NORTH-WESTERN  RAILWAY 


U  not  only  the  Ix'ct  and  mom  poffedly  ('(|iil|i|i(>d  rMlnmd  In  the  world.  In 
imiiorttint  ai-  to  tlio  Icrrlt^irv  it  (mvcrj'i'K,  Ihr  immcroiiH  liimliicHii  ci'ntiTx 
that  It  rcjicht'i',  iind  the  fiicllltl.'-'  it  oIIitm  for  i>li'ii>.iuil.  H|H'cdy,  B»rf  mid 
for  all  danHm  of  piigHi'n'.-tTM  It  cater!'  alike  lo  the  iieedn.  tauten  and 
ionaire  merchant  prince;  to  the  farmer,  with  hJH  plain  ami  simple  wa 
nomlcal  and  necesHllonH;  ami  yive!*  to  each  the  full  value  of  all  he  payn 
flnislied  and  fnrnli"he<l  palace  Bleeiilm.'  car«,  and  III*  more  than  liixii 
couches  are  marvelf  of  heaiity  and  comfiirl.  lis  coaclieM  are  new  ami 
mo<lelH  that  have  been  adopted  hy  any  comiiany.  and  they  an'  ahvayn  k 
pure,  ltn  dlniiii;  earn  are  ciiperh,  and  tin'  meal«  and  service  provldeil 
fliat  given  by  any  llrst-cln«H  hotel  In  the  country. 


lit  It  Ih  111 8o  the  moMt 
and  pluaxiiru  reMortH 

comfortable  trannlt 
abilltleN  of  themlll- 
nt»;  and  to  the  uci>- 
for.  IlH  liixiirlanlly 
rloiiB  drawlnt;-r<>oni 

of  the  moHt  perfect 
ept  nH  eet,  clean  and 
in  them  are  eipial  to 


WHERE  IS  IT? 

starting  from  (:;hlcnKo  and  having  various 
main  lines  running  wi'sl,  iionh-Hext.  and 
north.  It  covers  about  all  that  is  desirable  In 
Northern  Illiuois.  Iowa.  Wisconsin,  the  upper 
Michigan  pcninsiibi,  Minnesota  and  t'ential 
and  Sontli-castern  Dakota  and  North-eastern 
Nebraska. 

It  is  eminently  the  railroad  of  the  north- 
west; and  from  Its  commanding  location,  it 
controls  the  trattic  of  all  of  the  territory  it 
traverses. 


WHAT  IS  IT? 

Over  .'i.noo  miles  of  the  best  hiiilt  and 
best  maintained  railroad  there  is  In  the 
country.  It  is  eiiual  In  every  respect  to 
any  road  In  the  world,  and  is  helieved  to 
be  better  than  any  of  its  competitors.  Its 
liiieB  are  built  of  h<'avy  steel  rail;  Us  bridges 
arc  of  steel,  iniii.  and  stone,  and  all  its  ap- 
pointments are  as  good  as  money  can  Iniy. 


COLORADO  &  CALIFORNIA. 

This  Company's  line  l)et\veen  Chicago  and  Council  llluffs  (Omaha)  In  slinrter  than  any 
other  oetween  these  points,  and  was  the  i)i()ncer  in  forming  cmiiieelion  with  tlie  Trans-Con- 
tinental Union  and  Central  I'aclHc  Railroads.  Nearly  all  experienced  overliind  travelers 
seek  this  I'ne  because  it  is  known  to  be  the  best,  shorteet.  most  comfortable,  and  in  every 
way  the  most  "desirable.  To  seek  other  more  circuitous  and  inferior  routes  is  accepted  as  an 
evidence  of  inexperience  or  want  of  Information.  ,,,..„.        ,        _,     ,  , ,  , 

If  Toii  are  destined  to  or  from  Colorado.  Nebriika,  Itah,  Wyoming,  Montana.  Idaho. 
Nevada.  California.  Oregon.  Washington  Territory,  China.  Japan,  the  Siandwich  Islands  Ni;w 
Zealand  or  Australia,  you  should,  in  making  the  trip  between  Chicago  and  Council  Bluffs 
(Omaha),  in  either  direction,  see  that  your  tickets  read  over  this  great  road. 

ST.  PAUL,  MINNEAPOLIS  &  WINNIPEG. 

This  road  ''St  Paul  Line,"  is  the  short  and  desirable  route  between  Chicago  and  M.idlson, 
St  Paul  and  '.Minneapolis,  and  the  best  to  travel  over  if  you  are  destined  to  or  from  Chicago 
and  any  point  north  or  north-west  of  St.  Paul.  Winona  and  Mankato.  Minn  ;  trankfort, 
Huron  Pierre  Aberdeen,  Columbia  and  Watertown,  Dakota;  Milwaukee,  Fond  du  Lac.Osh- 
kosh.  Watertown  and  Sheboygan,  Wis.;  Freeport.  Elgin,  Dixon  ami  Fulton,  III.;  Clinton. 
Cedar  Rapids  Des  Moines.  W'ebstcr  City,  Algona,  Tama  and  Council  Hlufls,  Iowa,  are  a  few 
of  Its  hundreds  of  prominent  local  statii'ns.  It  reaches  most  of  the  pleasant  summer  resorts 
of  Wise(m8in  and  Minnesota,  and  is  the  road  to  take  for  the  liealth  ami  scenic  resorts  of  the 
Rocky  Mountains,  the  National  Yellowstone  Park,  and  nearly  all  of  the  notable  western  and 
north-west  resorts  that  are  accessible  by  rail.  ,       „ 

It  connects  in  Union  Depots  with  the  Union  Pacific  Railway  at  Conncil  Bluffs,  and  at  St. 
Paul  witli  all  roads  divergini:  from  thiit  point.  ,•  1    ,  ,.„     ►  i„ 

You  ciiu  prc'iire  ticket:-  over  this  route  from  nearly  every  coupon  ticket  agent  in 
the  couutrv  When  I'uvinu'  voiir  tickets,  read  them  carefully,  and  be  sine  that  at  least  one 
coupon  vc'aiU  over  theCnicAoo  &  Noiith-Westeus  Uy  .\sk  your  nearest  coupon  ticket 
agent  for  one  of  its  large  maps;  they  are  FUEK,  and  will  show  you  all  of  this  Company  8 
lines  as  they  are. 


1 


iSB>i,T:a#i*w^fg««s«gffiaBas.'« 


*^ 


FOR  COMFORT,  SAFETY  AND  SCENERY, 


^J 


ciioosK,  i:;   iravki.im;  kasi-  ok  wksi, 


IIIK 


w 


iJij' 


m 


m' 


I 


Which  formH.  m  connection  with  th.  (iltAND  TIIUNK  KAIKWAY,  It.- 

Old  and  Favorite  New  England  Route 

TO  AND  FIU)M  ALL  POINTS  WKST. 


lilt  Railroad  is  secoml  to 


The  KoUinc  Slock  ami  Kquipment  of  the  Ccnlial  Vermont  Railrc 
''      no  Road  in  this  country.      It  is  the  only  hne  n.nn.n 

Between  Chicago  and  Boston  without  Change, 
AND  SOLID  TRMNS  OF  ELEGANT  COACHES  AND    HACGAC.E   CARS 

Withont  Change  between  Montreal  and  Boston. 

Steel  Rails  Iron  Hridges,  with  Westinghouse  Air  Urake.  Miller  Platform, 
Cottple  and  Huffer  on  «very  train,  assure  safety  while  pass  ng  sw.ftly  through 
Muntaiti    Lake  and  River  Scenery  of  the  most  beautiful  and  var.ed  .lescr.pt.on 

The  Train  s'ervice  of  this  Road 'is  so  arranged  that  sure  connections  are  made 
wi.h  the  GrLnd  Trunk  Railway,  and  with  Railroads  in  New  England  to  and  from 
all  the  principal  cities,  villages  and  towns  in 

MessacMs,  BUoilii  Islaim,  Cowoiicrpt  aail  Vewit. 

Pullman  Cars  Montreal  to  Springlleld,  and  Wagner  Cairs 
Montreal  to  New  York,  Without  Change. 

First-Class  Restaurants,  with  reasonable  charges,  and  nmple  time  given  for  meals. 

BAGGAGE  CHECKED  THROUGH  CANADA  IN  BOND, 

Avoiding  all  trouble  of  customs.  ^ 

Diirlnic  the  »«uinnier,  Excurtlon  TUkcIs  are  Sold  over  tlilH 

Ask  for  rates  via  this  Line  before  buying,  and  note  that  your  tickets  read  via 

CENTRAL  VERMONT  RAILROAD. 

For  sale  at  all  Stations  and  responsible  Ticket  Office.  East  and  West. 

COMPANY'S  OFFICES.  — 260  Washington  Street,  Boston;  271   Broadway, 
New  York  ;  136  James  Street,  Montreal. ^^^ 

JTw.HOBARTr  Genera!  Supt.      8.  W.  CUMMINCS,  Gen.  Pass'r  Agent. 

General  Offices— St.  Albans,  Vt. 


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to 
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lai 
at 
dii 
en 
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III 


iNERY, 


iPi"i 


WAY,  the 


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id  Route 

T. 

ilroad  is  seconi\  to 
iiiiig 

&nge, 
UACIGAGE   CARS 

Boston. 

e,  Miller  Platform, 
ng  swiftly  through 
varied  description, 
imieclioiis  are  made 
iigland  to  and  from 


^r 


I. 


Wagner  Cairs 
lange- 

:ime  given  for  meals. 

IN  BOND, 

noia  over  lliid 

PH. 

,)iir  tickets  read  via 

.ROAD. 

nd  West. 

iton  ;  271  Broadway, 

NCS,  Gen,  Pass'r  Agent. 


SUMMER   TOURS 


■  4 

'r     >    •  .^ 


f  I'I'i  '.   .1    !».■  1'  •  i  '.  '  I'    .'    l^•  I  »'   I      '  ._ 


^'•■<i  11^- 


'I'lii'  iitlriitioii  (if  Si  I II  u  HIT  'riiiii'i^t>,  coiili'iiiphiliiiir  11  ti'i|>  I'nr  licalth  and  rri'i'i'iilioii, 
ix  invlli'il  to  till- iitti'iii'liiiiis  III  a  Tniir  I'/ii  tlicdirat  l.akr>  on  mii' iil'  llu' rnllnwlii^ 
I'ai.mm:  SiKAMi.ii-  : 

India.       Cliiiia,       .Itipaii.       Wiiislow,        N.vack,       Arcllc, 
Kiniurc  Stale,        iSadu;*-!'  Slalc,       anil  St.  liouis, 

Lciiviiiir  Dtlioit,  rii'vclaml,  Kiii',  iiiiil  liiillali),  lor  Diiliilli.  iit  IIk!  Iirail  of  l.aki' 
iSiiiiciior.  anil  lii'trtcL'ti  till'  polls  ahnvo  naiiifd.  To  tliosi'  wlio  liiivi'  not  tin'  Icisiiri' 
to  inivcl  tile  cnlinr  iliain  uf  liiUis.  wc  olTri- a  St'l'it'S  of  Sll(»r<  Kxciirsioiis,  im 
Lakes  Krif,  Union,  or  Siiiirrior.  Slijincrs  leave  Diholt,  from  foot  ol'  Woodwiinl 
Avenue,  lis  follows:  Kor  S.inlt  Sle.  Marie,  Maninelte,  llaiieock,  llonirliton,  .\sii- 
lanil,  Itii.vlielil.  unci  Dulnlli,  Moinlavs,  'I'liesilavs,  'rimisiluy.',  Kiiilay.-.  ami  Salnrdajs, 
at  11  o'eloiU,  I'.  M.  Kor  Cleveland.  Krie,  and  HnlTulo  Snndavs,  .Moii'days,  \Veilnen- 
days,  and  Salunlays.  at  .5  o'eloek,  r.  m.  A  tinide  Hook,  ilesi  riptive  of  the  routes, 
entitled  "Suninnr  Tours  vhi  tlie  (lieat  Lakes,''  will  he  sent  free  on  receipt  of 
stani[),  liy  addressini;-  .1.  T.  \VI  li'l'INf  i,  (liMieral  Axent  L.  .S.  T.  fo.,  Detioil,  Mieh., 
or  the  uiider>-iKned 

T.  r.  C.VIU'EMKI!,  <i('ii.  I'iiN"^.  Affl.  Lake  Siiptiioi  Traiisil  Co., 

Hi  I  TM.o.  N.  Y. 


r 


SMITH'S  DIAGRAM 


t 


u 


$The  Relation  of  Any  Motion  to  Every  Other  Motion,* 

AMI 


W^'  It  is  to  tliB  Study  of  Pa-liamentar,  P.aclice  wliat  a  Map  is  to  the  Study  ol  Geogiaphy. 

.  .©-  « 

■  r»..i   tl«'  :^«w  York  !...<.  |M ••<•  ^"'•'•«"  "'   '**"'•  .. 

..s„  r".i^ f  .^"-.. nK.>  K.W-  -> -i""^il?::^:.;"::n.P>" -• 

fic„,i.m:.f  .he  c...tfu.c.  .uMtc.   "f.  1"-  -;;-  7,    ^^;^.,ie%,.    hue./ in  .l.o 
ranncmenl,  .no.i.ms  of  all  knuls,    .    ll  le  u     1         ^  .  ^^_,^.  ^^  i,„„cMca 

f^'cnnlcnng  l,ncs.     'H- -l-U-- ™ --^  j^^^  ai,ocU.m^..   .he 

itself,  clears  up  .he  sul.jccl  a^  «cll.  '^'^   >  \  .       ^,„^,,  ,,,.  ,„u  „,o.e..f  ihe  e>>ence 

.,U.cr  manual  ,.„  .^....vr.  N,u  ..I "•  .1..    Ilo"-   »' 

,  ,ave  caref.,lly  e.an.ine.l  ^^^';;^^^^::^:^,  i^';::  il^li^t  iuher  .he 
gar.l  .he  «-...k  a.  a  very  vaU.al.le  ..ne,  •^"     •''"•\'  ^^/^^  .,,,,  ,,ilc.  con.roU.nn  a 

^^ly  c;i::n..  i.  as  a ,....« -  .-^--:- ,,..  „„.,.„ 

F.-« »»-  '   :  •"•y""';''  ;:     ,  r   ,u       U.o>,.  .he  en>Uana.sin« 

Can  he  u.ili/e.l  h  -  a  ,.res,.lM.g  nlhce    a.  a  ula.Kc, 
.Way  neeessary  ...  e..n>ull  onlinary  au.ho.U.es.  „,.„ros,...i«- 

r..... ........ ..  »-/.v;.:t.:::^h':.:i  «:•.": 

After  a  eavefwl  exan.ina.iou  of  yo.n-  "  '''^l^'^" ';;,£:;;::;;:::;';;^J:  aH^i-.lin,,  a. 

^^r;:oi:r::.fa;Lr^s;:;::ei;ir;,i)^n;^;  .^-e.  ..  e. 

■fail  ...  n.ee.  wi.h  jnibhc  favor.  «..,.,..-i..l«'..«l«-..«  »»'  <'"' 

•  pvacicai  use  i. .  vvor.h  all  .he  >"-- j;---;;;!;::;:;::; "  J^n.l:^:i:^ 

.levice  you  have  hrouKht  the  whole  l-'H''  '^  '  «     "'^;  .^X^  a.  a  t;lance, 

..rief  s/aee  an.l  simple  ^^^^  ^^^^'^^Zf     t:^ ^^s  ...  ins.ruc.i.;n.-  .his  .s 

Price.  17  mail,  postpaid :  clotrbi;dTng.  50  cents,  in mcroccc.  $1.00. 

'Address  REVIEW  &  HERALD  PUB.  CO.,  Battle  Creek,  M.ch 


BI 


er  Motion,  ^■"*- 

miiidin,  I'riirtin  ; 
nin  rlii-ii.!  fi'r 

IDlllll'.i. 

lie  Sluil^  i)i  Geogfaphy. 


h  »,  IN**!*. 

liy  a  vii-y  -.iiiiplf  ar 
lice,  nil'  pliiicd  ill  iln' 
,il)lo  iiiU-  is  iiiilicalcl 
,  wliuli.  ill  c'<i)U>iiiiiiU 
.11(1  airoctioii^  for  iIk" 
U  more  ol  llie  cnnchcc 
Uiaii  wc  liiiil  in  a'>y 

a>  ||«illM<'  «>l' 

.  in  s;^yin^:  that   I   re- 

indiialc  to  oither  the 

i;il   lilies  controUint;  a 

Illy   iloiH',  anil  1  I  Ik'ci- 

r  ol'  :Vli«-liiKH"* 

ilhoiit  the  eml'ana^^ini; 

<•  ol"  Htin'*'-*'"^"- 

m.Mitary  UuU-,"  '  I'"'' 
■iilaiy  Uiw,  allonhni;,  al 
,y  (.lattice.     It  cannot 

■  I«>ll4l0lll    of  tllO 
i. 

ihcwoild.  r.yahai.py 
iamenlaiy  laws  into  such 

■  (lelevmiiicil  at  a  ^laiicc, 
Is  to  instnicliou,"  this  is 
ig  fell  want." 

in  morocco,  $1.00. 

I.,  Battle  Creek,  Mich 


NICHOLS,  SHEPARD(&  CO. 

BATTLE  CREEK,  MICHIOAN. 

(Works  lit  liitLiHii  ti.iii  ,,|   Miclil^iiii  1  triti  i\  iiinl  iJiiiml   rniiiK   lliiihiii.tK,  | 


"  V I  B  I?.  A.  T  O  I^" 

Threshing   Machinery, 

TRACTiON   AND   PORTABLE   ENGINES. 


a?i3:E   sxA.3s^3DAI^D  o:f   ExcEXiLnisrcE!. 


Mnrvt'louM  Uiimhllilji    Wontlt-rliil  Powt^ri 
£l«'Kfin(  WorkinniiMip; 

n<>au(il'iii  FiniNlii    Niiporilor  Mnt<'riiil. 

Send  for  circulars  and  price  lists.      (Sent  free.) 


.     I 


ffp" 


TRANSATLANTIC  STEAMSHIP  AGENCY. 

,,.U  A.,.ncy  r..prc..nt-  .he  l.aain,  an,,  mo;.  ..utronu-d  S.eam.hip  Lines 

ANO     KUHOPi:. 


A  M  i:  H  I  (^  A 


FlrHt  and 

Second  Ciibin 


Round-Trip  Tickets 


TICKETS 

Bold  iihviiv!*  ii<  \'<\y  119 
at  Ileiid(iiiiirterf,  iiiul 
lierthi^     i)ronil)tly    se- 

cured  (by   Icleitmpli. 

AtCrcntly  -^^^S^BJ^S^SHH^SS^^SlSSflBIS^^^  wlieii  ne('e!<i<nry.) 

"•'*'"■'"'  """■'■    "^^^^-^      ';':„.  for  friend-  in  Kn?land,  Scotland.  Ireland.  <ier- 
I'renaid  Tieki't*  for  thi>se  wishing  «"\ >*'  '  "^L „  ,Vv  low  rates. 


MEDICAL  tND  SURGICtL 

SANITARIUM 

Battle  Creek,  Mich. 

The  Laisest  an.l  Most  Complete   Health 

Institution  in  the  West. 
l-nriMiled  faeilities  (or  the  tre  .tinent  -f  <■l>';"l'j^• 
l.  .1  sin-'ieal  eases     Butlis.  Klertrieit.\ ,  Ma->a)re, 
:;;;-:!  an  tl.^  most  a,.l.ro^cd  f..rn,so,-  treatn.c.t. 
S„„l  for  rlrclT.    Addr..s-       ^'*^,|J,tJVri4't,  Miol,. 


0-=S 


G  E  N  U  I  N  E  >-^ 


Bomim,  Napl«s,  Padua,  ana  Veronese, 

Muiiml  InMfKmmU   and  Mvri-tmwUM: 

—  Maniifactiireri"  of  the— 

"PETEBS"  HAND-MADE  CLARINET  BEEDS, 

The  most  Durahle.  producin-.'  the  Finest  Tone  ; 

Also,  the  "PETEBS"  PATENT  VIOLIN  PAD, 

For  Supporting  the  Violin. 

..zi^^^^^^^^^^^^f^, "■■" 

Box  am,  Battle  creek.  Mich. 


AGENCY. 


eam!<hi|>  Lines 

'  W . 

TICKETS 

sold  iihviiysii-  \'<\y  us 
at  IK'iiil(iiinrtiTs,  iiiul 
j^lii-rtliH  promi>tly  ">'• 
'  ciircil  (by  Icli'^mpli. 
Wi  wlieii  ni'cesi^nry.) 
il,  Scotland.  Iruland.  'Jor- 

nn  iipplicatiou  tn 
attle  Creek,  Mich. 


in 


iND  SURGICAL 

fARIUM 

Ireek,  Mich. 

Most  C<>ini>l«te  Health 
)n  ill  the  West, 
hiftlie  treitnieiit  of  fhronic 
Biitlis,  Klertriiiity,  Massage, 
,pro\cil  f.miisMf  treatment. 

tddri's"       SAXlTAlill-M, 

liattle  rri-ek,  Mich. 


nese, 


inniLiTV.  and  Piuity  "f 
lie  by  tliii'  Iuiukc  only. 

Mcrefifiud/fk', 


:ent  violin  pad, 

irting  tlie  Violin. 

OIF    VIOXjUSTISTS 

V  St  rinses  are  made.  moiUs  of 
;k  :      .\ddriss 

BS  &  CO., 

Battle  Creek,  Mich. 


3 


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4. 


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ft  ill  ijiftssiftiniftft  w 

BATTIiE  CREEK,  MICH.,  Sole  .Mannfactarers  of  the 

AUTOMATIC"  SCHOOL  DESKS. 


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A  ]V«'w  l*riiici|»l«,  (liiivefNiilly  Ai»|>i*<tv<;«l! 

Wiiii|>l4'.  Strolls.  Convenient.  Ilenntiliil ! 

The  .^loMt  I*o|>iiliip  Seliool  Neat  in  I'm4-! 

7V,/x  S,„/  /s  ,!  DECIDED  ADl'AA'CE  upon  ,<ll  tin-  Old  Styles.  Do  not 
use  t/if  Old  'i'licn  the  New  is  better! 
The  alteiuion  of  school  officers  is  invited  to  the  above  Seals.  'I'lie  "AUTO- 
MATIC "  is  now  ill  use  in  most  of  the  ])iomineiit  schools  in  the  West,  and  very 
generally  throui^hout  the  United  States.  Its  superior  merits  have  lieen  fully  dem- 
onstrated      No  other  sent  can  compare  with  it  in  the  essential  features  of  Honltll- 

fulness,  Coiiifort,  and   IMirnhility. 

Send  for  our  fully  illustrated  descriptive  catalogue,  which  will  give  you  a  cor- 
rect idea  of  the  Seat,  and  will  ^how  you  what  leading  educators  think  of  it.  This 
catalogue  also  contains  information  respecting  all  kinds  of  School  Supplies, 
together  with  elaborate 

Phm,^  \^  Sjieeifi  cation,)  of  ScficolBtn'Idiufji), 

Which  are  of  great  value.     It  will  be  sent  you  grati.s,  on  application. 


HEATERS. — We  are  now  able  to  olVer  you  the  best  School  Room  Heater 
in  the  market.  Better  and  more  economical  than  either  stoves  or  furnaces.  See 
catalogue.  


Teachers',  Principals'  and  Office  Desks  in  Large  Variety. 

If  you  want  anything  for  the  sciiool  room — Maps,  lilolies,  Slate  lilackboards, 
Slating,  Crayons,  Erasers,  Hells,  Reading  Char's,  Physiological  Charts,  Window 
Shades,  Dictionaries,  etc., — write  to 

UNION  SCHOOL  FURNITURE  CO., 

CHICASO  OFFICE  :    ISO  Wibash  Atsbuo.  Battle  Creek,  Micbiffan. 


I 


i^ 


i         SjwrUmen  ^  Toiiri'M^  detention  ^!l^ 

O  S  C3-  O  O  ID '  S 


Wui 


Th. 

slit,  wi 


I'atoiitutl  1-cb.  20.  18TS. 

above  represents  our  12-tbot  Boat,  exU-n.Ui.l,  re.i.ly  for  use. 

itl,  P...Un  ■  f..r  Tr  .ut  FisIuM^',  KxMoiini:.  Du.k  Hunting,  et,^,  26  l...u.|.ls.    VVeight,«ith 
li.tt..m-B  *r,l.  (MIX,  C,.,  ..vent , in;;  cnplete,  60  lM..ni.!s. 

Viuw  of  the  Boat  in  its  coiii- 
iiiict  form.  ►■•iDwiii!;  Boat  foldeii, 
H^ittiini-Board.Ciimpsto.ils.liiui- 
wule.  S'tieti'lier,  ami  I'arltmt.'- 
(  hest.  All  but  Oart  and  I'addlo 
^,'1 1  in  Chest. 

SIZE  OF  CHESTS. 

For  l.'.-t'iot  Bi«t,  40  inches  lon){, 
•M  inches  wide,  20  inches  deep. 

For  l-ifoot  Boat.  ;IS  inches  lone, 
17  imlies  wide,  17  niches deeii. 


FIVE  SIZES    ARE    MANUFACTURED. 

No.  1,  ir.  fc-ct  lou".  ;Ui  inchos  wide,  weight,  75  lbs.     Price,  .^oO. 

'»    3    12    "      "      27       "         "  "        40    "  •'        40. 


it 

40 

<( 

it 

•M) 

(( 

(t 

30 

a 

„..hM.e  makes  up  fonr  different  WK,on..  or  HTV..KS.     You  have  the  same  as  KOU.  boath  com- 

■"^■^li,:rtt%ut  in  sa.k  made  of  d,.J^^,  ..n^Mijt.;.  lar^^^^ 

packed  in  chest  for  shipf.ms,'.     Ihe  sack  ^.,» ''"";/;"; ^r,;,!,„.„  „r  on  a  load  of  camping  tf'x-l"-    ^ 
!,r  carrias^e.    The  chest  is  u^ed  '■'''^■'^'/•"•^.'•^^^''VtoVxan  nation  before  pavinK  the  balance  to 
.,,e^;r;'Sr^;Uts;;;i:S^;;'t;trb::r^^nrr;;turned  byfrei.bt.  and  wew.1.  return 

''^'''ii^rt^s=i;,fmi;;^/ti;^'i^:trs^,^^^ 

Mftinifaitiiie.1  by  N.  A.  OSdOOJ),  Battle  Creek,  MIcb. 


O 


\^Z^ 


Hm 


Jin! 


atly  for  use. 

ii.U'iiis.    WoiKht,with 

lis. 

the  Boat  in  its  cmii- 
'hiiwing  Biiat  folileil, 
ard.Cttinpstoiils.liun- 
iU'lior,  mill  rarkiiik'- 
1  but  Oart  and  I'addlo 
t. 

E  OF  CHESTS. 

t  Bimt,  41)  inclics  Ion);, 
s  wide,  20  inches  deep. 

t  Boat,  ;IS  inches  line, 
!S  wide,  17  niches  deeii. 


RED. 

Price,  $iiO. 

<i        40. 

«'        4(». 

35. 

35. 


saniB  as  kour  boath  com- 

inain  bag,  ui.u  ihen  al 
tincarrvinjj  itin  wajfoii 
d  of  camping  ^'"'ds. 
•e  pa\iiii,' the  biilaiicc  to 
^'lit,  and  we  will  return 

It,  and  we  will  ship  by 
if-??  If  .Miu  want  a  I'ott- 
ilnr. 

?k,  Mich. 


((1  «-.♦-. -•-.- 


.-»♦-•-♦-♦- 


^ 


FROM  THE  ST.  LAWRENCE  TO  THE  SEAE 

t   (Oardunniburir  t€>   l»ortlaiicl)    j 


-  VI.Au  - 


Ogdensburg  &  Lake  Champlain, 

St.  Johnsbury  &  Lake  Champlain, 
i  Portland  &  Ogdensburg  R.  R's, 


—  REACHING   TIIK  — 


S4 


^^  ADIRONDACK    WILDERNESS,  ^^4 


'm 


Chateaucay  Chasm, 


WHITE   MOUNTAINS,   PORTLAND,  OLD  ORCHARD, 

MOUNT    DESERT,    AND    ALL    SEA-SIDE 

RESORTS    OF   THE   EAST. 


All    Tmlns  Furnished   with    the  Latest  Improve- 

mentft  for  the  Safety  and  Comfort  of  Pamsenijers. 

Special    Attention    given    to    Tourist    Travel. 


Mets  on  55ale  at  all  Principal  Ticket  Dices  thronglioiit  the  Conutry. 


^a?~  Be  sure  your  tickets  read  vin  this  I'Ol'ULAR  ami  OLD  ESTAKLISHED 
ROUTE,     l-'or  further  information  apply  to 

F.  L.  POMEKOY,        C.  H.  STEVENS,        C.  H.  FOYE, 

i  Gen.  I'KS.  AKt.U.4L.('.H.li.,  Cien.  Pas.  A^t.  «..).&  L.C.K.K.,         Gen.Pas.  AKt.P.i  O.IMt.. 

I  OKdriixhuric,  N.  V. 


St.  JuliiiKliury,  Vt. 


I'Mrtinnd.  .Me. 


IDnQBBBD|r 


^B 

m 


ITS    rilltBS    BXTEJWlii 


if        I   Chicago  to  Buffalo  and  Niagara  Falls,  «it  Detroit, 
Mackinaw  City  to  Toledo,  vit  Detroit, 
Bay  City  and  Saginaw  to  Jackson, 
Grand  Rapids  to  Detroit,  vi*  Jukson, 
Jackson  to  Nlles,  Mr  une. 


"30  "^sKr  B 
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Michigan 


AND   OTHER  SMALLER   LINES 
- .^.^^A 


II " 


THMOUeH  PALAC£  CARS 

-i-«-  rO  4i»/>  FROM  MICH/GAM  MD  -•-*- 

I«;rew  York,  Boston,  Buffalo, 
Chicago,  Detroit,  and  Toledo. 


NEW  DINING  CARS 

Bttwtw  ChlMgo,  B«flUo,  u&  WHIM*  IWli,  on  Ptinolptf  Tntoif. 


EXCURSION  TICKETS  DURING  THE  SUMMER  MONTHS 

7U  HUgM  rtllt,  St.  Lavmo*  tlw,  Th««iul  XiUbAi.  *«•. 
To  all  tike  I»L.EASTJ»B!  »ESO»TS  of  tHo  EAST. 


H  t  LEDYABD,        P.  I.  WHITOTY,        0.  W.  ETJWLES, 

EM|M!^«  ^"iTlTaL^r.  A.,.aenir...*TU..A„,  Oeni  Pa..  *  TUk.  A,fl 

li^MBBaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaBaaaaaaE 
LRAg'05 


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SDBBBnnEIISBI 

iaBiaaHGitiiiaiaae 

IBBBBBBBf 


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alls,  via  Detroit, 
Detroit, 

B  Jackson, 

trOit,  via  JacliNn, 
)S,  Air  Line. 


[NES. 
I ""^ 

E  CARS 

Bxiffalo, 
Toledo. 

"cars 

Mttoipif  Tnlati. 

IVMMEB  MONTHS 

lliluli,  tc., 

S  of  tlie  XSAS'X'. 

).  W.  STJOOLES, 

Cm  I  P<u.  A  Ttck.  Agi 

laaaiaaBaBiaEiaBE 


•/""^ 


